Abstract:Aristotle’s theory of four causes，As the beginning of bet365 joining bonus code theory，Defined the paradigm of cause and effect discussion for the next two thousand years，Hume’s bet365 joining bonus code theory and Mill’s five methods contain the prototype of modern bet365 joining bonus code inference: using counterfactuals to analyze cause and effect。With the rise of post-Newtonian physics，The legitimacy and importance of the concept of cause and effect itself have been questioned。End of the 20th century，The use of counterfactual analysis of cause and effect has given rise to the “revolution of cause and effect”，Gradually established three contemporary bet365 joining bonus code counterfactual models: a bet365 joining bonus code theory based on the counterfactual model of possible worlds，And structural bet365 joining bonus code models and potential outcome models for data science，Despite their common theoretical intuition，Choose a different way of portraying。This “bet365 joining bonus code revolution” also has a revolutionary impact on research methods in other social science fields。

　　Keywords:Potential outcome model, structural bet365 joining bonus code model, regularity theory, four-cause theory

　　AuthorWu Xiaoan，Researcher, School of Marxism, Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Provincial Public Opinion Information Research Center (Xi’an 710072)；Zhang Yu，Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Philosophy, Peking University (Beijing 100871)。