Author:bet365 mobile

　　Author’s unit:Editorial Department of "Philosophical Research" bet365 mobile Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

　　Source:"Qiushi" bet365 mobile 10, 2000

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Late 1990s,There have been some new changes and new characteristics in the study of Marxist bet365 mobile in my country,Showing some new development trends,Although it’s not obvious yet,But it will have a profound impact on the development of our country’s bet365 mobile into the 21st century。

　　1. The awareness of issues in bet365 mobile has been greatly enhanced

Marx said: Every era always has its own problems,The so-called problem,"It's public、Fearless、The voice bet365 mobile times that influences all individuals。The question is the slogan bet365 mobile times,It is the most practical voice to express its mental state"。(The Complete Works of Marx and Engels, Volume 40, Pages 289-290) Turn bet365 mobile Century,Faced with a series of major issues bet365 mobile times,Everyone is generally fascinated (total 604),We must completely change our theoretical research、Insufficient theoretical thinking,We must focus on strengthening the problem awareness of philosophical research。

Strengthen the problem awareness of philosophical research,Let everyone reach a basic consensus: the theoretical development of Marxist bet365 mobileThe strong vitality of Marxist bet365 mobileFundamentally,The decision depends on its grasp、The extent and level of understanding and solving major issues of the times。In the 20th century in our country,The combination of Marxism and China’s specific practice has resulted in two historic leaps,Produced Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory。Marxist bet365 mobile towards the 21st century,We must firmly grasp the major practical issues that arise in the practice of human society at the turn of the century and even in the next century,In a keen reflection on the major issues of the times、Create a new realm of Marxist bet365 mobile through accurate grasp and scientific answers。

Some people in the philosophical community believe that,Strengthen the problem awareness of philosophical research,The “exegesis and annotation” that existed in the past period must be changed,A scholarly approach that makes bet365 mobile a “tool that adapts to the circumstances at hand”。bet365 mobile does have arguments、Explanation、Promotion function,But we must not stop here,bet365 mobile must never give up criticizing real life and exploring a truly dynamic bet365 mobileShould be criticism、The organic unity of exploration and innovation。

Strengthen the problem awareness of philosophical research,We must have the courage to explore and face the complex and profound contradictions and problems raised in contemporary social practice,Transform real-life problems、Promoted to a philosophical question。At present, we must pay special attention to and study such major issues of the times: 1、Scientific summary of the historical experience of world socialist practice in the 20th century,Based on looking forward to the development prospects of the 21st century。China’s successful reform practice,To make people gradually realize: using the basic viewpoints of Marxist bet365 mobileUse dialectical、If you understand the practice of socialist development from the perspective of development, you will find,“The socialist system does not equal the specific practice of socialism”;Socialism does not and cannot have a fixed model;In the final analysis, a country’s social system must be suitable for the country’s actual conditions,To promote the development of social productivity;We must work hard to explore the basic socialist economy、The intermediate institutional level where the superiority of the political system can be fully exerted,And this requires reform。二、We must deeply study a series of new changes in contemporary capitalism,Among them,The most worthy of attention is the phenomenon of economic globalization。People noticed,Economic globalization has not eliminated the basic principles of Marxist historical materialism。Marx made predictions about the development of capitalism in the mid-19th century that still amaze the world today。In his opinion,Capital,According to its nature,Is a born internationalist,Because it is active on the world stage,Causing the transformation of history into "world history",Causing the universalization of communication,The narrow regional existence of the individual is increasingly replaced by the historical existence of the world。Economic globalization has not eliminated the basic contradictions of capitalism,It gives this contradiction a new and more general form。Therefore,In-depth research、Grasp the new changes in contemporary capitalism、New Features、New Trend,It is a new topic in contemporary Marxist bet365 mobile research。三、We must pay attention to and study the rapid development of science and technology, especially high technology,New impacts on human society、New understanding,Explore and answer the new challenges brought to human society by the development of science and technology、New question。For example,By Employment、Resources、Global issues posed by ecology and environmental protection,Issues of scientific rationality and technical rationality arising from the negative impacts of the development of science and technology and its widespread application,Civilization crisis and cultural conflict issues caused by social informatization,Wait。Through research on the above issues、Answer,To enrich and develop the view of nature in Marxist bet365 mobile、Historical View、View of truth、Values ​​and Epistemology、Methodology。

　　2. Transformation of “hot spots”: from epistemology to bet365 mobile perspective

If the “hot spots” in Marxist philosophical research in the 1950s and 1960s were materialism and dialectics,The “hot topic” in the late 1970s and even the 1980s was epistemology,Then,In the 1990s, especially since the mid-1990s,The "hot spots" of attention and discussion have changed from epistemology to historical perspective。At the turn bet365 mobile century,This conversion trend has become more and more obvious。The basic reasons for such a situation are:

First,Fundamentally,It is due to the continuous deepening of reform practice。The beginning of reform,Changing things out of chaos、The task of ideological emancipation is heavy and arduous。Raising the issue of truth standards from an epistemological perspective,Criticize the absurdity of "Left" trends,Removing ideological obstacles to reform and opening up,This was extremely natural at the time,Also achieved great achievements。But,Summary of historical experience,It does not mean that historical experience must be digested。Facts show,Digestion of historical experience,It is by no means just a matter of epistemology,In the final analysis, it is values、Problems with historical perspective。Especially with the continuous deepening of reform practice,The gradual development bet365 mobile socialist market economic system、Establish and improve,A large number of deep-seated social contradictions are gradually exposed,People’s interest relationship structure has undergone major changes,All these reflect and act on philosophical thinking and philosophical theoretical forms,It will inevitably make the discussion of social and historical concepts become a "hot" issue that the philosophical community pays attention to。

Secondly,This is the inevitable logic of the development of bet365 mobile in my country in the new era。The development of Chinese bet365 mobile in the new era started with the great discussion on the standard of truth。Take this big discussion as an opportunity,Some questions that were never thought of before were also raised,Leading to the broadening and deepening of basic theoretical research in bet365 mobile。It is especially obvious in the following aspects: 1、Deepen the understanding of the concept of Marxist practice。Communication activities are promoted as an integral and important aspect of practice,This also means,Practice is not only an epistemological category,Also the cornerstone of historical materialism。The essence of practice lies in the consistency between changes in the environment and people’s self-change。More and more researchers are beginning to pay attention to the socio-historical stipulations of analytical practice,Examine different forms of human practice under different historical conditions、Changes in nature and manner and their regularity。This indicates the development direction of the historical materialist investigation of practical categories。二、Deepened the understanding of subjectivity。Further in-depth research on subjectivity,Make everyone feel,Only within the scope of epistemology,The issue of human subjectivity cannot be fully and effectively explained。In different historical stages,Human subjectivity will also have different connotations and forms,Besides,In a rather long historical period,As in a capitalist society,Human subjectivity is precisely deprived、It is lost,This is the well-known phenomenon of alienation。Therefore,When studying the issue of subjectivity, we cannot talk about it abstractly (that is, only in the sense that humans and animals are different) what human subjectivity should be,We should objectively reveal how human subjectivity has been lost in history,How to overcome this "lost" situation, etc.。Deepening the study of subjectivity issues towards the historical perspective,It is natural to resolve the contradiction between economic and social development and human development to achieve the unity of the two,Such a major issue of the times faced by contemporary historical materialism has been raised。三、The discussion of the above issues requires a breakthrough in the philosophical axiology issue。Although,And practical issues,The issue of subjectivity is the same,The question of value was also originally raised as an epistemological issue (that is, as a certain characteristic of truth)。But after entering the 1990s,Especially in recent years,More and more researchers realize that,Research on axiology must break through the perspective of traditional epistemology,Mentioned the height of philosophical view of history,Because the conflicts between different values ​​ultimately reflect the differences between different historical views。Historical materialism,As long as it is not understood rigidly,It can only be a Marxist view of practice、Unity of truth and values。A profound and accurate grasp of this unity is essential for enriching the theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics,It is crucial to promote the new development of Marxist bet365 mobile in the 21st century。

Finally,This is consistent with the turn of contemporary philosophical research around the world。Modern Western bet365 mobileDue to the trend of logical positivism、The widespread influence of the analytical bet365 mobile movement,Epistemological centrism was still dominant for a time。The "postmodern" cultural trend that is popular in the contemporary West,It has become a hot topic in my country’s intellectual circles in recent years。Should be admitted,The "postmodern trend of thought" criticizes the "epistemological centralism" in modern Western bet365 mobileThe deconstruction of the epistemological issues that dominate modern Western bet365 mobile is challenging and destructive。It essentially re-raises the issue of historical perspective in a negative or even negative way。Of course,“Postmodern trend of thought” due to its too strong destructive color,Pay attention to deconstruction,And despise construction,Asked a question,without solving the problem,It has gradually weakened in recent years,Its status has been replaced by a new trend of thought - "post-colonial" trend。But its legacy of criticizing epistemology-centrism is still inherited,For example,S month 1998,At the last World bet365 mobile Congress of this century held in Boston, USA,Philosophers participating in the meeting are generally concerned about political bet365 mobile、Moral bet365 mobile、Questions in social bet365 mobile and other aspects,This also illustrates the new changes in contemporary Western philosophical research from one aspect。

　　三、Turn bet365 mobile century,Marxist theoretical workers bear solemn historical responsibility

This is everyone’s review of the struggle of Chinese bet365 mobile over the past 50 years or even a century,The greatest consensus reached when looking forward to the development prospects of world bet365 mobile in the 21st century。

Toward the human society bet365 mobile 21st century,Experiencing a broad and profound change。Development bet365 mobile world、China’s development is at a critical period,Accordingly,The development of Marxism is also in a critical period。The history bet365 mobile birth of Marxism for a century and a half shows that,Whenever major changes occur in society,Often breeds the possibility of new development of Marxism in theory and practice。Under the conditions bet365 mobile times when the new century is approaching us,This possibility is undoubtedly greatly enhanced。To what extent has the possibility of enriching the development of Marxism in theory and practice become a reality,It will directly determine the attitude of Marxism towards the 21st century where opportunities and challenges coexist。

Looking back at the turbulent history of bet365 mobile and society over the past century in the 20th century,Everyone feels,Marxist bet365 mobile has experienced great success and joy in its development throughout the 20th century,Also experienced being misunderstood、The frustration and pain of misunderstanding and even dogmatic treatment。Standing on the threshold of the 21st century,Facing new changes in contemporary social practice,Facing new developments in science and technology,In the face of the mutual agitation among various ideological and cultural trends around the world, including philosophical trends,Undeniable,Marxism needs further in-depth research and new development,Therefore,Developing Marxism is the lofty historical mission that every sincere Marxist should undertake。

Marxist bet365 mobile has evolved from a worldview followed by only a few advanced states a century and a half ago to a worldwide philosophical trend today,It was obtained through the hard work of several generations of Marxists;The new development of Marxist bet365 mobile in the 21st century can only be achieved by the solid work of several generations of Marxists。In this regard,China’s Marxists still have a long way to go。This is how we review the development process of contemporary Chinese bet365 mobileBasic conclusions drawn from looking forward to the development prospects of bet365 mobile in the 21st century。