In the disciplinary category division of Europe，Archeology of historical philosophy，It is long -term considered to be a branch of history，Mainly providing materials for historical research。The development of archeology focuses on the excavation of cultural relics，Focus on the construction and reproduction of material，There is a barrier between the laws of human social development and the background of social evolution。Based on this understanding，The American archaeological community took the lead in conducting a "wall -breaking" attempt。So，Archeology in the United States follows another development path，Gradually become a subject that is closely related to anthropology。With the continuous improvement of the discipline，Now archaeological studies have become an independent social science，Mainly "what happened to explaining specific people in the past，to interpret the development process and change of specific culture "。

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Although archeology is independent in the classification of disciplines，But a stronger historic positioning is revealed in the positioning of disciplines。In practice，Archeology and History and Anthropology have produced more and more intersections。​​Whether it is archeologist，Still anthropologist，All realize the necessity of "a more historic human science" for discipline development; historians have gradually realized the importance of research methods of archeology and anthropology in historical research。

Therefore，More in -depth discipline dialogue between archaeological and historical science becomes inevitable。Although some scholars continue to emphasize the discipline "incompatibility" between history and archeology，But the research of interdisciplinary has become the mainstream point of view。Some scholars think，Archeology should not only rely on unearthed material culture，It should also be carried out in combination with literature; some scholars emphasize，History is an important factor in archeological interpretation。So，Under the background of gradually strengthened cross -disciplinary bet365 Play online games cooperation，History archeology came into being。

Brostel's research idea is an important pusher in historical archeology，Especially his long -term research method，Breaking the traditional research method of history，Reinforcement of the association between historical disciplines and other humanities and social sciences。Traditional history focuses on the study of political history，Research objects are mainly grand narrative and political evolution in the process of human history，It is difficult to generate a direct connection with archeology。but，Some scholars propose to re -interpret history，Method of type learning，Introduce professional archeological knowledge into historical research。Some scholars who oppose disciplines，It is also constantly emphasizing the importance of cross -disciplinary cooperation。

Take the site as an example，In traditional research，The reproduction of the site is often realized through the physical construction of the important archeological excavation location，In the current research, the meaning of the remains is stronger，How is the common memory of human beings be built。Based on this research background，Discretionalism and symbolics have affected the development of historical archeology。Well -known，A discipline is considered a basis for independent existence，Must have its own research theory and method，Therefore，Starting in the 1970s，European and American historians began to regulate the guidelines for this discipline。

　　Standardous research category

The academic community gradually realized，Studies in archeology or history，Nothing can be separated from the social foundation and cultural status at that time，All must be interpreted in a wider social and historical background。Digan in 1982 according to the research path of Brostel，Two key issues of historical archeology are proposed: first, historical archeology is a discipline between history and anthropology; the other is to specify the category of historical archeology，Disciplinary research objects。

Digan focuses on exploring the controversy of the "direction" of historical archeology。On the one hand，Historian proposed，Historical archeology is a "historic supplement" of archeology，Tightly related to history，Deepen about a certain place、The historical background knowledge of the region and social groups。Proposal bet365 best casino games of this view，Mainly due to the lack of necessary historical knowledge and research methods for anthropologists，but cannot become a qualified historian。On the other hand，Anthropologists are keen to "rebuild the previous lifestyle"，This research method is developed and established in the process of archeological development。In the scope of anthropological research，The process of cultural reconstruction depends more on human education，instead of historical background knowledge。Dagen is based on this controversy，It is believed that anthropology is the direction that historic archeology should focus more。

Wolf also provides reference for the theoretical development of historical archeology，Intent in historical context，Read the traditional subject of anthropology。Wolf will regional anthropology research，Pushing to the dimension of globalization。The core of Wolf's research is the process of capitalism in global expansion，and the impact of this expansion on the development of world history。He did not use the central world and edge of the capitalist as two independent research objects，Instead of interactive research through the center -edge，After discovering the geography，Social groups from all regions of the world are added to the scroll of the globalization process，Vividly present it。

In terms of research methods，Wolf creatively uses the concept and research method of anthropology，Taking the relationship between people and social groups as research objects，replaced traditional history with nation、Culture、Research path of the basic elements of the nation -state，Interpretation of globalization from another angle。At the same time，Wolf emphasized the important role of cultural research in anthropology，He did not propose a new research theory，Instead of replenishment of text as a carrier，is a research method between anthropology and history。

Littel re -evaluated the development process of historical archeology in the past ten years in 1994。He noticed，Between ten years，The text analysis method of history was introduced into the research process of historical archeology，and historians in history in research，Also realized the importance of different texts。Not only that，Litel also defines Di Gen's discipline as "History and Ethnicology"，This means that historic archeology is neither bet365 live casino games a single historiography，Not a simple anthropology，but the mixture of the two。Archaeologists also regard this discipline as a new research method，Because this research method can study a single group，can also extend to this grand concept of the world system。

　　Estimated development direction

The development direction of historical archeology，Litel made a different estimate from Digan，That is, historic archeology is a process of archeology，Still a post -process archeology。Litel thinks，Historian archaeologists in the 1990s were gradually affected by post -process archeology，The focus of complex concepts and methods，higher than the use of text information。But in historical archeology，Due to too much emphasis，"No way to use the method of using a more widely used issue is not concluded"。For example，How to use historical archeology methods and research paths，Barrier between different cultures，Scientific interpretation such as production、The formation and development of the concepts of consumption and industrialization，and the process of affecting these concepts on the daily life mode of ordinary people，All problems that need to be solved by historical archeology。

Peinter summarizes the development of historical archeology before and after the intercourse of the century，Evaluate the increasingly complicated research concept and research paradigm。Perine on the basis of Litel，Methods to propose cultural archeology should break regional restrictions，and expand to study in a broader era of the times。He thinks，Traditional analysis method based on cultural identity，It is not enough to adapt to the discipline appeal of the 21st century。In the 21st century，Landscape research will be an important factor in redefining historical archeology。Landscape research represented by the relationship between the concept of space and ideology，It is an important direction for the development of historical archeology in the future。Historical archaeologists no longer regard landscapes as static backgrounds under human activities，but from different intentions、Different ideology，and the product of the fusion of different perspectives。

Petter takes the history of North America as an example after the geographical discovery，Analysis of the development of historical archeology。He thinks，The core problem of future historical archeology is the national level、Power interaction between social organizations，and race involved in this bet365 live casino games interaction process、Class and gender, etc.，It must be from specific research objects，Find out the method of studying this complex relationship。Not only that，This research is usually performed under a variety of perspectives，Historical archaeologists can based on different research paradigms，In different cultures、Searching for research between races and gender。Peinter thinks，The research method of historical archeology has great elasticity，Therefore, you can interpret the past society from different angles。

History archeologists are very good at using material culture as a medium，Explore the classification of the class of ancient society，They usually study the formation of a specific ethnic group with the excavated cultural relics。but，With the exchanges between the disciplines, it becomes more and more deeper，Different social scientific research methods and guidelines are continuously borrowed by archeologists。Current，History and archeology adopt a more complex view and means，Go to study the identity and differences of the social class，Its research scope is also more extensive，Gender、Race and other elements have also entered the research category of historical archeology。

　Enhance development space

Based on the above analysis，It is not difficult to find the research scope of historical archeology is from specific regional research，Gradually shift to cross -cultural globalization research。When encountering a smaller research object，History and archeology are more inclined to archeological research methods，Material as a medium，Study individual and smaller social groups; once the research scope is extended to a larger category，It is necessary to have a large theoretical and theoretical method of history。Therefore，Under this development trend，How to deal with the relationship between macro and micro -objects，and seeking a new academic perspective in the process，It is a problem that it needs to face historical archeology urgently。

Archaeologists gradually realize，Traditional process archeology to interpret the past world is limited。Archaeologists want to regional culture and social factors，Combining trends with globalization，Therefore, get more convincing conclusions。Regional research and globalization research should not deny each other，should be added with each other。but，How to develop this mutual replenishment，bet365 live casino games I haven't found a specific way。

Current historical archeology development，Not only is affected by the long -term theory of Brostel，I also borrowed experience in the development of global history。Whether it is history or archeology，Can't completely ignore empirical evidence in research，but the research background of globalization For time、Spirit and empirical aspects needed，I have proposed a new challenge。The extension of historical archeology on research on the timeline，and expansion in research space dimensions，Not only the cultural background of the research object、Knowledge reserves make higher requirements，At the same time, there are higher requirements for the number of reading in the research process。As described earlier，A trend of historical archeology，It is to add historical texts to the study of anthropology，Therefore，The dimension of time and space should not be too large, resulting in too complicated materials。but，Some historical trends and civilization fusion，Can't be displayed in a short period of time，Therefore，How to deal with the relationship between time and spatial span，Is a problem facing historical archeology。

How to deal with the relationship between material culture and spiritual culture，It is also a problem that it needs to be solved urgently in history and archeology。Archeology is keen to rebuild the ruins in material aspects，History tends to analyze the ideology behind the ruins、Cultural elements, etc.。The former pays attention to material research，The latter emphasizes the analysis of the spiritual level。History and archeology as a cross -disciplinary discipline，You need to learn from the theoretical and research methods between the two，Therefore, during the research process，Not only should we deal with the relationship between material culture and spiritual culture，It is necessary to deal with the relationship between the past and the present。Different from history and archeology，History and archeology prefer to use anthropology methods，Stay back to the past from the moment，Although this method can provide new academic research objects，But the persuasiveness of its research results remains to be tested。At the same time，How to deal with archeological excavations、The relationship between historical documents and cultural phenomena，There is no exact standard，It bet365 live casino games is also controversial to investigate the common memory of human beings。

To sum up，History and archeology are a cross -disciplinary social science，It is a reference to history、Features of archeological research，The research direction of its own system，Although this direction is not perfect。At the same time，History and archeology are also a diversified research method、Multi -disciplinary cross -product，Although it can be reached in the basic research method，But how to interpret history in a more appropriate way，is the main difference at the moment。It is this difference，It also indicates that there is a wide range of development space for historical archeology，At the same time, this discipline can draw the latest research results of various social sciences，To promote the development of disciplines。Although there are still insufficient and controversy in research methods，But as an emerging social science branch，still has a bright prospect，Can be for history、Archeology and anthropology provides useful supplements。

(Author Unit: School of History and Culture, Northeast Normal University)