The "Xuchang Ren" site is located in the west of Lingjing Town, Jian'an District, Xuchang City, Henan Province，It is the first time in the old stone in the old stone in the spring of the spring water in my country。December 2020，Archaeology Magazine hosted by the American Archaeological Society lists the "Lingjing Bird Eagle" discovered by the "Xuchang People" site in Henan as the "Top Ten Archaeological Discovery of the World in 2020"，Called it "China's earliest carving art"。The product of the late Paleolithic era，Cultural information released by "Lingjing Bird Carving"，Help us reveal the life style of the "Xuchang people" during this period。

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Fine Stone Culture，Also known as Hunter Culture，Generally refers to in the late Paleolithic era，The development stage of human material culture marked by using small shapes of stone tools。Pei Wenzhong thinks，"The stone core used during this period，About small，shaped like a sharp cone，or the shape is flat;，About a rectangular person，or a small long square;，About the body is small，Fine work "。Henan Lingjing is one of the earliest fine stone cultural sites found in my country，The "Xuchang people" skull fossils and a large number of fine stone artifacts found here、Animal fossils and other cultural relics，It is a clear evidence of the traces of the ancient ancestors in the late Paleolithic era，Among bet365 live casino games them, "Lingjing Bird Carving" is the most representative。

"Lingjing Bird Eagle" is made of beast bone burned evenly on the fire，Carved with carvings in fine stone artifacts。Sculpting skills are very superb，The whole body line is perfect and smooth，Vivid and lively; wings are replaced by the carved line，lifelike; support of the base in the foot，Can be balanced。Bird carvings have traces of heat treatment，Dark brown on one side，The other side is bronze color。19.2 mm long，width 5.1 mm，high 12.5 mm。Use grinding、Shake、Scraping、Cut 4 carving technology，68 tiny interfaces left on the surface。Through this information，"Lingjing Bird Eagle" reflects the sample of Fine Stone Culture。

According to the 5th floor of the "Xuchang people" site of the Lingjing ("Lingsai Bird Carving" discovered on this layer) Fine Stone excavation report shows that 82 pieces of fine stone cores are unearthed，7 pieces of tablet repair stone chips，30 pieces of stone chips on the countertop，187 pieces of fine stone leaves，Fine Stone (Tools) 280 pieces。where，84 pieces of scraped、16 pieces of border scrapers、5 pieces of concave scrapers、7 pieces of the back knife、11 pieces of sculpture、3 pieces of pointedware、27 wedgers、1 piece of a sawtooth knife、1 piece、1 piece、120 pieces with the second step of processing scar stones。Fine stone craftsmanship is mature，Like sculpture technology、Soft hammer repair、pressing repair、Hot treatment、Fiction technology is an important part of its component。

Xie Chongan believes in "Prehistoric Art"，Late bet365 Play online games Stone Age，People "When processing various appliances，Not only has you even more realized vertical、Level、arc、Triangle and equilibrium、Percent and other shape characteristics outside，I also master various styles of volume，and during the processing process of friction and scraping，Skilled masters of the use of lines、Color、Modeling and other styling skills "。The perfect shape of "Lingjing Bird Carving"、Mature crafts、Balanced skills are the height of the "Xuchang people" fine stone culture in the late Paleolithic era。

　　Passing the spiritual password of wisdom

Due to birds and human production、Life relationship is close，The ancestors often choose the birds of various forms according to the different living environment as the totem。Therefore，In Chinese prehistoric culture，Bird image is a widely reflected theme。

In archeological discovery，Bird statues mostly appeared in the middle of the Neolithic Age 5 or 6,000 years ago，Like Hongshan Culture、Liangzhu Culture、Lingjia Beach Culture and Shijiahe Culture。Liang Sicheng in "History of Chinese Sculpture"，There was also "Di Yao's time，Ji Chizai Ji Ji，Kirin to travel。Dedicated Birds of the State of the Zhibi country，Records of Chinese people casting birds for many times to drive charm。"Lingjing Bird Eagle" is 13,500 years old，At least 8,000 years earlier than previously related archeological discoveries，It may be one of the source of bird worship，indicates that the ancient ancestors in the late Paleolithic era already had complex ideas。

It is worth mentioning is，"Lingjing Bird Carving" is not a labor tool，but Bet365 lotto review mental product。The thoughts that the ancient ancestors wanted to express more than 10,000 years ago，It is difficult for people today to hook and sink accurately，but，Drilling ostrich egg shells unearthed from the same layer as the bird carving、Cyberdite dye and other relics can be known，The spiritual life of "Xuchang people" during this period is quite rich。They started thinking、Concept and imagination condensed、Externalization on these materialized products，The religious and philosophy of the ancient ancestors is accompanied by art and aesthetics quietly，The ideology of human childhood began to sprout。

Li Zhanyang thinks，"Lingjing Bird Carving" may be a reflection of the concept of ancient human totem worship。Its emergence indicates，The "Xuchang people" in the late Paleolithic era have already maintained tribal development、Shape the collective material carrier。"Lingjing Bird Carving" condenses the hard creation of "Xuchang people"，Exploring the light of the ancient ancestors，Performable memories carrying human civilization。

　　Symbols of Social Development

The reason why prehistoric art is very important，It is because they are artistic arts that show the meaning of human activity through visual images。"Lingjing Bird Carving" may come from the hand of an ancient artist，But this is as big as apricot core、Small and smart works are by no means individuals who can do it in isolation。It is the highly developed concentration of the hunter culture of the "Xuchang" hunter in the late Paleolithic era，It is also a symbol symbol of the origin of agricultural civilization，The former is a representation bet365 best casino games of its physical significance，The latter is a manifestation of its spiritual value。

"Lingjing Bird Carving" belongs to the typical hunter culture。Chen Shengqian thinks，"The development of human hunting capabilities in the late Paleolithic era is more essentially the organization that may be the organization of society、Plan and cooperation strengthened，communication information "。hunting scenes tens of thousands of years ago have long been drowned in Hao Miao's time and space，We only explore inquiries through archeological excavations、Guess and restore the maximum extent。21 species of identified mammalian fossils unearthed from the "Xuchang Ren" site，Among them, the two animal fossils of the original cattle and ordinary horses are mostly prime，It indicates that the owner of the site is already a very skilled hunter。Because there is no enough information communication、division of labor cooperation、Team combat，Facing the hunting of the large animal group is impossible。

The materials used in "Lingjing Bird Carvings" come from "a medium -sized mammalian limbs bone residual tablets"，Explain that such materials may be easier to take at that time、Easy to use。"Lingjing Bird Carving" carries the ancient ancestors' cognition of space、Language expression、Information exchange and other abilities，It is the best physical evidence for the "Xuchang people" hunter culture。

Bird worship is mostly related to agriculture，In the Eastern Jin Dynasty Wang Jia's "Remaining Book", there was "there is a sparrow during the Emperor Yan Dynasty，Title Jiu Suo He，Its falling person，Emperor Nai Shi，Planting it in the field，Bet365 lotto review The legend of the foodman is old and not dead "。Wang Chong's "On Heng" in the Eastern Han Dynasty also has "Shun buried in Cangwu，Elephant is a farming;，Birds are field，Gai caused by Shengde，Angel Birds and Beasts Boy Boyou。Dan Bird Title He、Elephant Farming Birds Common Book of History。but，As Chen Shengqian's fine stone leaf craft is the first step of the origin of agricultural，Increased human hunting ability，Destroy the ecological balance，The entire living environment worsen quickly，So the farming of the knife and fire replaced the fishing and hunting of the fishing cloth net。The late stages of the Paleolithic Age is the time node of the two cultural intercourse，In the Lingjing Fine Stone Lane, it is also found that the pottery tablets around 10,000 years ago，Pottery is always accompanied by agriculture，Therefore，The emergence of "Lingjing Bird Carving" may be related to the buds of agriculture，It can be used as a symbol of the origin of agricultural in a certain sense。

"Lingjing Bird Carving" reflects the exquisite skills of ancient ancestors in carving，Their thoughts and concepts、Lifetime、Social organization conditions are condensed on this miniature artwork，Like the ancient Yubin，Leave us precious cultural information。The Paleolithic Age goes to the distance today，The preservation conditions of the cultural relics、Multiple restrictions such as constituent materials，After tens of thousands of years of vicissitudes of mulberry fields，The prehistoric artwork we see today may be just the corner of the iceberg，But the weak information released can also give us a slightly glimpse of the life style of the ancestors。

　　(Author Unit: Suzhou University Social College)