The Erlitou Culture bet365 champions league is the basis for understanding the bet365 champions league of the Xia Dynasty。The birth of the Xia Dynasty ushered in a new era in the development of Chinese history，At the same time, it also guides the development of China’s ancient bet365 champions league culture after more than 4,000 years，Entering a new era。

　　Types of bet365 champions league and characteristics of the times

Currently，There are about 120 pieces of Erlitou Culture bet365 champions league artifacts discovered by archeology，From 16 sites，The Erlitou site has the largest number of jades unearthed，More than 90 items，About 60 bet365 champions league articles were unearthed from 25 tombs at the Erlitou site；There are also several items inlaid with turquoise pieces，Like a turquoise dragon-shaped vessel、Turquoise bronze medallion、Turquoise round copperware，And thousands of turquoise flakes。

The types of bet365 champions league artifacts of Erlitou Culture are: Yazhang、Ge、Qi、yue、Shovel、Knife、handle-shaped device、bell tongue、Bi、cong、hairpin、Circular hoop、Huang、ring、Jue、Pendant、Crescent decoration、Board、tube、Cup、Adze、Chisel、啞、Spinning wheel，And various accessories，includes finials、Square cylinder、Drilled bet365 champions league jewelry、Silkworm-shaped decorations, etc.。Among them，The most eye-catching thing is the emergence of a number of novel shapes，Ruya Zhang、Yu Ge、bet365 champions league Qi with fangs and bet365 champions league Qi with multiple edges、Big bet365 champions league Sword with Fan Teeth、Narrow and long bet365 champions league ax、With collared bet365 champions league、handle-shaped device，and bell tongue、Crescent-shaped ornaments, etc.。The popularity of these bet365 champions league articles，Become a sign of the times。

Characteristics of the Erlitou Culture bet365 champions league Artifacts，Can be summarized into the following points。

一，Continue to use some bet365 champions league articles from the past。Ruyu Cong、bet365 champions league、Yuhuan、Yuhuang、Long-shaped bet365 champions league ax、Flat rectangular bet365 champions league ax、bet365 champions league adze、bet365 champions league chisel、Circular hoop、Eagle Hairpin First Class。The cultural traditions of these bet365 champions league articles，Some belong to Liangzhu culture，Some belong to Taosi culture，Some belong to the late Shijiahe Culture (also known as "Post-Shijiahe Culture")。

二，Based on the bet365 champions league articles that appeared in the previous stage，A number of novel bet365 champions league articles appeared，Developed into an important part of the Erlitou culture bet365 champions league with the characteristics of the times。Like a toothed tiger with well-developed fangs、bet365 champions league Ge and Crescent Decoration、bet365 champions league Qi with Fan Teeth、Large hole with fangs and arc-shaped blade、Big bet365 champions league Sword with Fan Teeth、bet365 champions league Cup、With collared bet365 champions league、Standard shaped handle、bet365 champions league Bell Tongue、Turquoise chip inlaid combined utensils, etc.。The predecessors of these bet365 champions league articles，Mainly jades from the Taosi culture，There are also jades from the late Shijiahe Culture。It can be said，The formation of the bet365 champions league group with the characteristics of the Erlitou Culture era，Mainly developed on the basis of the bet365 champions league wares of the Taosi Culture and the bet365 champions league wares of the late Shijiahe Culture。

　Third，New type of large bet365 champions league，Mainly ceremonial utensils symbolizing weapons。Like a toothed tiger with well-developed fangs、bet365 champions league Qi、Yu Ge、Big bet365 champions league sword with fangs, etc.，All from tombs，They are all ceremonial tools。The emergence of large-scale ceremonial bet365 champions league objects，It is the most basic characteristic of the era of Erlitou culture bet365 champions league。Most of these ceremonial bet365 champions league articles began to appear from the third phase of the Erlitou Culture，So it can also be considered，Ceremonial bet365 champions league articles are from Erlitou Culture III、The main characteristics of the fourth period of bet365 champions league。

　Fourth，The evisceration process of bet365 champions league production appears。The evisceration craftsmanship shown in Zhengzhou Master Guyu Cup，Not yet seen on bet365 champions league articles from before the Erlitou Culture。

　Fifth，Produced a batch of bet365 champions league decorations with the characteristics of the times。Thin and convex lines that reduce the ground and fine sun lines，Extremely regular concave and convex string patterns，Line stripes with three thin lines as the unit and the grid pattern composed of them，Dense concave and convex fine lines，The eye pattern in human facial decoration gradually evolves into the shape of "chen"，Cloud and Thunder Pattern，And the rise of tooth decoration。These bet365 champions league decorations with the characteristics of the times，Mainly reflected in Ya Zhang、bet365 champions league Qi、Big bet365 champions league Sword with Fan Teeth、bet365 champions league handle-shaped vessel on top，Most of them began to appear in the third phase of Erlitou Culture。

In addition to the thin three-line stripe as a unit and the grid pattern composed of it，Most of them are the further development of bet365 champions league decoration in the late Shijiahe Culture。This shows two important phenomena。The first is the bet365 champions league making technology in the late Shijiahe Culture，Is the main source of the bet365 champions league craftsmanship of Erlitou Culture。The second is the thin three-line line stripe as a unit and the grid pattern composed of it，It is the most striking feature of the bet365 champions league decoration of Erlitou Culture。According to this characteristic，Can determine the age and archaeological cultural attributes of other archaeological cultures and units other than the Erlitou Culture or handed down bet365 champions league artifacts。

Sixth，A combination of Erlitou cultural jades，The basic characteristic is that bet365 champions league handle-shaped objects are matched with other ceremonial bet365 champions league objects。This kind of bet365 champions league combination is mainly reflected in the tombs of the Erlitou Culture。

The above characteristics，It is the basic characteristics of bet365 champions league articles in the Central Plains area between 1750 BC and 1530 BC，And it mainly reflects Erlitou Culture 3、Fourth issue，That is, the basic characteristics of bet365 champions league articles between 1610 BC and 1530 BC。

　　Research progress and existing problems

What needs to be pointed out is，The Erlitou Culture bet365 champions league is the most representative unearthed from the tombs at the Erlitou site。Although these tombs have more funerary objects，But not big，The social status of the tomb owner is not very high，The unearthed bet365 champions league articles are mainly characterized by ceremonial bet365 champions league articles，Also indicates the identities of these tomb owners，Most of them are ordinary nobles，Such as high-level attendants，Instead of high-level nobles。

According to this phenomenon，We think，High-grade bet365 champions league from Erlitou Culture，The royal bet365 champions league used by the "king"，Maybe it hasn’t been discovered yet，Maybe it has been found in the remains of other cultures after the Erlitou Culture but has not yet been identified。It can be inferred from this，The Erlitou culture bet365 champions league as we know it now，Just the tip of the iceberg of a large number of high-end bet365 champions league items during that period！And the future discovery of royal jades from the Erlitou Culture，It will greatly enrich our understanding of the characteristics of Erlitou cultural jades。

The establishment of the Xia Dynasty、The development of Xia culture，Created a new world of bet365 champions league manufacturing technology，The cultural connotation of bet365 champions league is also more profound，Thus, the Xia Dynasty reached a peak of Chinese bet365 champions league wares。These jades have unique shapes，Precision production，Special usage，Rich meaning，Profound form and cultural connotation，It is a special item used by the upper class nobles in society at that time，Is important material for exploring Xia history。But，Xia Dynasty jades currently discovered by archeology，And understanding of these bet365 champions league artifacts found，In particular, the understanding of the functions of these bet365 champions league articles still needs to be improved。

We think，Erlitou Culture 3、The fourth period of bet365 champions league，Maybe it is a bet365 champions league from the period when Tang Dynasty was the founder of Xiashe in Shang Dynasty。The Erlitou Culture III with distinctive characteristics of the times discovered so far、Fourth period of bet365 champions league，Some of them are the extension of bet365 champions league articles from the Xia Dynasty，And most of the jades are like Yazhang with well-developed fangs、Yu Ge、Big bet365 champions league Sword with Fan Teeth、Yu Qi, etc.，It is a ceremonial item from the Xiashe period。

Ya Zhang、Yu Ge、bet365 champions league Qi are three types of bet365 champions league weapons with special shapes created and invented during the Xia Dynasty。For example, the Yazhang currently discovered in the Xinzhai period before the first phase of the Erlitou Culture、bet365 champions league Qi，Simple shape，Lack of fan tooth decoration or only very simple fan teeth，They are all practical weapons。The emergence of this larger bet365 champions league weapon，It arose with the establishment of the Xia Dynasty and the demand for bet365 champions league shapes，It is a sign of a new era。These three kinds of bet365 champions league are in Erlitou Culture III、The fourth issue has been used as a ceremonial symbol to symbolize weapons。Among them，Yazhang accompanied the fall of the Xia Dynasty、The spread of the Xia tribe spread to all directions，With the eradication of the Erlitou Xia Society, it gradually withdrew from the stage of history in the Central Plains，But it was revived in the Sanxingdui culture in the Chengdu Plain。Yu Ge、Yu Qi was further developed after the Erlitou Culture。

Erlitou Culture 3、Yazhang in the fourth period、Yu Ge、bet365 champions league Qi，And the big bet365 champions league sword、bet365 champions league Yue、Turquoise bronze medal decorations, etc.，Even a palace、Miyagi, etc.，It is a cultural renaissance phenomenon that appeared in the old capital of the Xia Dynasty。

In summary，The Erlitou jades discovered so far are only from the Xia period、Xia Dynasty、The tip of the iceberg of bet365 champions league from the old capital of the Xia Dynasty，It is also the tip of the iceberg of the first peak of the times in the development of Chinese bet365 champions league culture。

　　(Author’s unit: Institute of Archeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)