Since the reform and opening up，The rate of unearthing of epitaphs from Bet365 app download is accelerating，Continuously providing new materials for academic research。The newly unearthed Tang Dynasty epitaphs should be more than 12,000 square meters，So many literary works have been discovered again，For updating our original knowledge system，Re-understanding the literature of Bet365 app download will be of great help。

　　Deepen your understanding Bet365 app download “Kingdom of Poetry”

The literary propositions that the Tang Dynasty was the “country of poetry” or “the kingdom of poetry” have long been deeply rooted Bet365 app download hearts of the people，But to what extent did poetry become popular Bet365 app download Tang Dynasty？We will have a deeper understanding through the newly unearthed epitaph。The precocious poet was able to compose poetry as a child，In addition to the well-known King Luo Bin、Wang Bo，The newly unearthed epitaphs also provide many more vivid examples，Helps us understand the background and environment of Tang poetry。"Xue Yuanchao's Epitaph" records: "(Xue Yuanchao) was eight years old，Shanshiwen，Shifang Xuanling、Yu Shinan's test of public chanting bamboo，Support Hao immediately，Zu Zhangyun: There is no neighbor's flute，Nostalgia。Xuan Ling and others are the father of the public，deeply lamented。”Xue Yuanchao lost his father when he was young，In my father’s friend Fang Xuanling、With Yu Shinan’s concern，Eight-year-old Xue Yuanchao expressed the material and emotional functions of bamboo in a five-character poem，To evoke memories of their father。Social communication requires poetry as a medium，"Yang Xiuji's Epitaph" records the poem about his interaction with Cui Rong: "As clear as the Qinghe River Cui Rong、King Langyu Fangshu、Changle Feng Yuankai、Anlu Hao Yi，Be friendly to each other。Taste of Yu Cui's legacy，Also gave a poem saying: ‘Autumn Hao tunes and benefits’，Frost tube is pure and straight。Gift to Zisi Fangyin，Remembering each other while holding hands。’ Cui Huan replied: ‘Lvhao is happy to have a gift，Bai Feng is shameful and not talented。Kang Nai lovesickness evening，Suspected to be in a dream。’The poet’s interpretation，Thinking of double beauty。”Cui Rong is Emperor Gaozong、A famous scribe Bet365 app download period of Empress Wu，One of the "Four Friends of Articles"，It can be seen from the poems exchanged between the two that their relationship is relatively close，Yang Xiuji made friends with him through poetry，It reflects the importance of poetry in social interaction。Writing poems on the way to work，"Lu Guang's Epitaph" records that he wrote a poem on his way to Yuezhou to serve as the captain of Shan County: "A thousand miles a day after hanging on a table，Riding the Yangtze River。Wuxin envy Luanfeng，Zi Ruo soars into the void。"The first sentence is obviously copied from "The banquet is thousands of miles away" in Meng Haoran's "Late Park in Xunyang and Looking at Lushan Mountain"，The indifferent psychology expressed Bet365 app download whole poem is also similar to Meng Shi's，Is important material for studying the acceptance of Meng Haoran’s poetry Bet365 app download Tang Dynasty。Write a poem before you die，"Cui Wengui's Epitaph" records that Cui Wengui contracted illness Bet365 app download winter of the twelfth year of Dazhong (858)，Feeling that there was no hope of recovery in March of the following year，So I said to my friend: "I can't do anything about my illness。Previous November，The poem Bet365 app download poem reads: melancholy Bet365 app download mist of spring，The waves are also following。”Three days later，Cui Wengui will pass away，The poem before his death is full of regret and helplessness，It is a true reflection of the poet’s mood。After the death of Tang people, they are still surrounded by poetry，There are not only a large number of condolence and mourning poems Bet365 app download handed down documents，Many newly unearthed epitaphs still have elegy on their lids，The inscriptions on epitaphs are also often written Bet365 app download form of poetry。Bet365 app download Dazhong period, there were also pagoda-style inscriptions that looked like tombs，It can be said to be unique:

Serve Bet365 app download relatives, be filial and benevolent

Nine clans of Yigao, Bet365 app download marriages of ritual and law

The heart does not deceive the darkroom, and the traces are worthy Bet365 app download bright god

Bet365 app download is better to live a strong life and be rich, but to die young and be poor

The Qiong tree and the spring are Bet365 app download feet long, and the Luoshui shore is under the Mang Mountain

Bet365 app download past, people returned to the old streets, but now you are buried Bet365 app download same place as my wife

Anyone who will ask this after thousands of years has passed，It is said that there are the graves of sages and gentlemen Bet365 app download Tang Dynasty

In addition，The newly unearthed epitaphs also reveal many poets’ creative works，For example, "Cui Wengui's Epitaph" records 820 poems he wrote throughout his life，Dozens of articles。"Zheng Li's Epitaph" says that he "wrote seven hundred poems，And Chen Xuxingying’s merit certificate，Sili Hongbo，Those who know will see their ambitions”。His wife’s epitaph also says: “Ancient Poetry on Public Industry，Cold and bitter weather is not easy，Poetry writer Meng Jiao、Li He is a reward singer。”In addition，For example, "Huangfu Wei's Epitaph" and "Yu Ruxi's Epitaph" also record that they wrote hundreds or even thousands of poems in their lifetime。Although these poems have been lost，But through the record of the epitaph，We can further imagine the prosperity of poetry creation Bet365 app download Tang Dynasty。

　　Revealing the generation path of classic Bet365 app download

As a typical representative of applied style，Epitaphs inevitably reflect the stylized creative characteristics，Many epitaphs have similar inscriptions，Even completely identical。But some classic poems Bet365 app download history of literature were transformed from these inscriptions that copied each other。

"The feeling of flowers splashing with tears" in Du Fu's "Looking at Spring"，Hate to Farewell Birds and Scared Hearts" is highly appreciated by future generations for embodying the author's feelings of sadness and grief.。But a new epitaph was unearthed，We can find out，This couplet is actually derived from a sentence that often appears in epitaphs。The inscription of "Mrs. Li's Epitaph" written Bet365 app download second year of Zongzhang (669) contains "Looking at flowers and crying，I feel frightened when I hear a bird"，Many epitaph inscriptions Bet365 app download early Tang Dynasty inherited this article，Like "Zhao □□ Epitaph" written this year，"Liu Xian's Epitaph" and "Wang's Epitaph" written Bet365 app download third year of Zongzhang (670)，"Mrs. Zhao's Epitaph" and "Suo Xing's Epitaph" written Bet365 app download first year of Xianheng (670)，The Epitaph of Ren Jun and His Lady Sun, written Bet365 app download fourth year of Xianheng (673)，The inscriptions all have the words "Look at the flowers and shed tears，I feel frightened when I hear a bird"。"Zhang Hu's Epitaph" written Bet365 app download first year of Chui Gong (685)，The inscription has been slightly modified，As "looking at the peak and crying，I’m frightened when I hear a bird”，But still follows Li’s epitaph。Du Fu was born Bet365 app download first year of Xiantian (712)，These inscriptions had been widely circulated before Du Fu was born。According to the epitaph，Mrs. Li and others were buried in Yanshi near Luoyang、Mangshan and other places，Adjacent to Gong County, Du Fu’s birthplace，Du Fu should have seen the relevant epitaph，And turn it into "flowers splashing with tears"，Hateful and frightening”，Thus becoming a famous saying。

Li Qingzhao’s “Life is a great man” in “Summer Quatrains”，Death is also a ghost hero" also comes from the epitaph of the Tang Dynasty。Zhang said that "Born to be a divine general" is mentioned Bet365 app download "Stele of Guo Gong, the Founder of the Taiyuan County of Taiyuan County, Presented to the Governor of Liangzhou".，The inscription "Death as a Ghost Hero"。The newly unearthed "Xin Gong's Epitaph" inscription says "Born to be an outstanding person"，Dead as a ghost hero"，"Liu Jingsi's Epitaph" goes a step further and says, "He was born as a hero and died as a ghost hero"。Li Qingzhao’s poetry is very close to this，Her husband Zhao Mingcheng collected a large amount of Tang Dynasty stone carvings，Also wrote "Inscriptions on Gold and Stone"，Li Qingzhao once wrote the "Afterword" for it，She should have seen similar inscriptions，And used it in "Summer Quatrains" without any trace。

　　Correction of misinformation about the Bet365 app download of a famous writer

Famous poets who appear in various literary histories，Ru Wangzhihuan、Wei Yingwu、Li Yi、The epitaphs of Yao He and others have been unearthed，Their biographies、Name, surname and date of birth and death can be revised or supplemented。Ru Wei Yingwu’s alias，Never seen in ancient documents，But according to its Bet365 app download，We can know that it is "Yibo"。Another example is Yao He’s birth and death years，Various literary histories at home and abroad are often recorded as "about 779-about 849"，But according to its Bet365 app download，We can date it to 777-842 years。

Not only that，The life stories of some poets who had close contact with them can also be clarified based on them。If combined with Yao, Jia Dao is called "Yao Jia"，There have always been differences Bet365 app download dates of birth and death，Most scholars infer that he was born Bet365 app download fourteenth year of the Dali calendar (779) based on the "Jia Sicang Epitaph" collected in "The Complete Tang Dynasty"，Died in Huichang three years (843)。

After Jia Dao’s death，Friend Yao He once wrote "Two Poems of Crying on Jia Dao" to commemorate，The first poem says "I once heard that there was a book sword"，It should be collected by someone else”，Already implies that no one will succeed in his legacy。Bet365 app download second poem, it is said that "famous people will be passed on to future generations，Leave this life without children”，It is even more suitable for Jia Dao’s status as a childless person。From the perspective of version source flow，This poem should undoubtedly be written by Yao He，So Jia Dao died before Yao He。According to "Yao He's Epitaph", it is known that Yao He died in December of the second year of Huichang (842)，Zejiadao could not have died Bet365 app download third year of Huichang，So we have to re-examine the accuracy of "Jia Sicang's Epitaph"。The epitaph records that Jia Dao "died at the county official residence on July 28, the year of Guihai in Huichang"，There are four out of sixty years Bet365 app download Spring and Autumn Period...Painful and childless，Mrs. Liu，Cheng Gong’s decree，In Guangdong, Gengzi was buried in Anquan Mountain, Punan on March 17, Jiazi next year"。Appears to have died in Huichang three years ago，Buried in Huichang four years ago。But this is not the case，We think，Jia Daoying died Bet365 app download second year of Huichang，The following year, the family asked Su Jiang to write the epitaph according to the deed (that is, the blueprint for the epitaph)，Su Jiang was misled by the word "next year" in her job description，Regard the year before the burial as the time of Jia Dao’s death。According to "New Tang Book·Jia Dao Biography"，Jia Dao "Huichang Chu，Joined the army in Puzhou Sicang and moved to Sihu，Not ordered to die"。The Huichang reign of Emperor Wuzong of the Tang Dynasty lasted for a total of six years，Ruojiadao died Bet365 app download third year of Huichang，It should not be called "Huichang Chu"，Bet365 app download second year of Huichang，Placing Jia Dao’s death year in this year is consistent with the records Bet365 app download New Book of Tang。Actually，The "Selected Poems of One Hundred Masters of Tang Dynasty" compiled by Wang Anshi also clearly records that Jia Dao "died Bet365 app download second year of Huichang"。The era when Wang Anshi lived was far away from Tang Dynasty，When there is evidence。Only this，Yao He died on December 25, the second year of Huichang，Five months later in Jia Island，Only he could compose "Two Songs of Crying on Jia Island"。Therefore，Jia Dao’s birth and death years should be 778-842。

Similar situations occur from time to time，For example, "Zang Huailiang's Shinto Stele" written by Li Yong is collected in "Wenyuan Yinghua"，Record the time of his death as August of the 17th year of Kaiyuan (729)，And said: "The land will be predicted in Bailuyuan in July next year"。According to this, Zang Huailiang died Bet365 app download 17th year of Kaiyuan，Buried Bet365 app download second year。However, the newly unearthed "Zang Huailiang's Epitaph" written by Yan Zhenqing clearly records that Huai Liang died in his private residence in Pingkangli, Xijing on August 21, the 16th year of Kaiyuan... on October 24, the 18th year of Kaiyuan，The ritual house is located in Chang'ao, Sanyuan County"。It can be seen that Zang Huailiang died Bet365 app download 16th year of Kaiyuan，Buried Bet365 app download 18th year of Kaiyuan。The reason why Li Yong mistakenly recorded the year of Zang Huailiang’s death as the seventeenth year of Kaiyuan，Also misled by "next year"，The year before Zang Huailiang was buried，That is, the seventeenth year of Kaiyuan is regarded as the time of death。By this example，It can also be further supported that Jia Dao should have died Bet365 app download second year of Huichang，Buried in Huichang four years ago。

Bet365 app download epitaphs have provided enough material to rewrite some aspects of literary history，If the research horizon is expanded to all unearthed documents，Literary history may take on another look。But sadly，Relevant information still cannot be updated quickly in various literary histories，How to deliver new results of archaeological discoveries to the public in a timely manner，There is still a long way to go。

　(The author is the person in charge of the National Social Science Fund key project "Research on the New Discovery of the Generation and Creation of Stone Inscriptions Bet365 app download Six Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties"、Associate professor at Jiangnan Cultural Research Center of Zhejiang Normal University)