Class books refer to various classics information，Divided doors of categories for searching for citations，Tools with the nature of "data compilation" and "encyclopedia"。Ancient books are both traditional Chinese unique classics，It is also the crystallization of the rich culture of the Chinese nation。From the Wei and Jin Dynasties until the Ming and Qing Dynasties，The compilation of previous classics is continuous，formed a long -term development context and long -lasting repair tradition，Simultaneous presentation of strong vitality。

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The development context of Chinese books can be summarized as two main lines，First is the tradition of official repair books。Guan Xiu's classics calendar endless，According to the analysis of the compilation era，It can also be attributed to the cultural picture of today's love: the era of political Changming is easier to promote the conception and completion of major cultural projects，Brief words "Shengshi Code"。In the thirty -ninth year of Qianlong, the Holy Mo opened the article "The State's Meeting of the Culture Governance Hui Ming，All ancient and modern loads，It should be collected in time，Eyemark Mansion，and help Yilin "，It can be used for example。The "Code" cultivated by "Shengshi"，It is mainly reflected in two forms，One is positive history，One is a book。

Instead of saying "Shengshi Code"，It is better to say "Yi Dai Xiu Dian"。You Zhu Zhuo, who has repaired books in the past，For example, "Arts and Culture Gathering" was ordered by Tang Gaozu to edit and repair，"Taiping Royal Lan" is compiled by Song Taizong's purpose，"Yongle Ceremony" is repaired in the Ming Dynasty ancestor as soon as possible，"Ancient and Modern Book Integration" was compiled in the late period of Kangxi，All compiled into the beginning of the founding。If the history of the history is to summarize the previous story of bet365 Play online games the story, the precepts are learned，So the repairs are rooted in the tradition of the literature difficulties and the government's collection。​​Whenever it is a transit，Individual literature is usually suffered from large -scale burning，The new court is committed to collecting and organizing the classics，As a ideological resources and literature foundation for building a strategy of building a new dynasty。Books brought by the times，It is the deep movement of the government's cultivation，"Shengshi" provides policy and economic guarantee for the cultivation of the Code，Official repairs are directly reflected。

Beyond the official repairs，Private repair books also show strong vitality。From the Qi Liang era Tao Hongjing's "Academy"、Liu Xiaobiao's "Class Garden" to the "Beitang Book Banknote" of Yu Shinan in the Sui and Tang dynasties、Bai Juyi's "Bai's Six Posts"，Then to Yan Shu's "Category"、Wang Yinglin's "Yuhai"，So as to the "Master Book", "The Book of the Heaven", "The Tang Category" since the Yuan and Ming Dynasties。Giant of the total number of private books in the past，Far on the official repair book; and different from the current situation of the official repair books，Private repairs can be completely unpolished by politics，The motivation of the editor's "accumulation of learning treasure"，Restore the purity of classics as "literature carriers that gather knowledge"。

In the knowledge world of traditional China，Guanxiu books often take "Royal Lan" as a motivation，and Song Yuan's private repairs and house engraving books that have gradually risen are mainly reflected as "preparation"。From "Yu Lan" to "Preparation"，Not only changes in the main body of books,，It also reflects the popularization of the audience。

　Class book fixation, separation and fusion

The core nature of the book is classification，"Emperor Lan" officially established this body example，Therefore, it is regarded by later scholars as a "ancestor of books"。Emperor Wei Wen Cao Yongzheng compiled the book although there are Hongzhangs of the following "Lu's Spring and Autumn" and "Huainanzi"，But in the form of writing, bet365 live casino games profound changes have occurred: "Lu's Spring and Autumn"、8 Views、Six theories and "Huainanzi" internal、Middle、Outside，Although there are also compiled prototypes，But after all, it is different from the arrangement of class，Although I am mixed in my mind，But re -explained，Try to melted the smell，self -made family。"Emperor Lan" clearly clear the "follow -up" arrangement method，Ideological content is mainly about review，Introduction to the classics from time to time，Not far from the data compilation of data that has been gradually set with later generations。

In the book of the traditional book purpose since Liu Ye's "Seven Strategy"，"Lu's Spring and Autumn" and "Huainanzi" belong to the miscellaneous family of "nine flows"，Naturally living in the sons。勖 勖 勖，That is the sub -department。Due to profound changes in the system and nature，"The New Book of the Scriptures" puts "Emperor Lan" in Dingbu，Self -Cheng Yin Type，Not in the same column as "Lu's Spring and Autumn" and "Huainanzi"。Most of the books since Qi Liang did not work、Record the original text，The character of the class book is reduced，So "Sui Shu · Jing Ji Zhi" re -classified it to the sub -department，After attached to the miscellaneous family。As for "New Tang Book · Yi Wen Zhi"，Finally officially established the naming and positioning of sub -class books。From the attachment to the family to the self -made department category，The classification of the same series of books and its same series of books in directory works，The process of the current classification of books into the forefront of the classics and gradually shape。

"Huarin Treaty" edited by Emperor Liang Wudi was introduced into the north，A alternative soon produced。According to Tang Renqiu Yue's "Three Kingdoms Strategy" records，The creativity of the Lord Naoyang Xiu after the Northern Qi Dynasty，Mingzuyu, etc.，Add the Books of the Sixteen Kingdoms Spring and Autumn "," Six Classics Picking Records "," Wei Shi "and other books，Belly compiled for only seven months。Although the previous book material，But after reconstruction bet365 live casino games and reconstruction in the compilation system，Not only reflects the characteristics of the Northern Dynasty culture，"Xiao、Yan writing example，Zhu Xian Bing Bi "，Order，Order，Therefore, afterwards, you turn to essence。"Hualin Turong" and "Xiu Wen Dian Yu Lan" cause and innovate，Formally triggered a pattern of separation of books in the history of books。

The spread of the two major books of the North and South，"Xiuwen Hall Royal Lan" has a big influence from "Hualin Turn"，The handed down time is also longer。But in the Sui and Tang dynasties that are closer to ancient times，"Xiu Wen Dian Yu Lan" not only does not replace "Huarin Turn"，And in Sui and early Tang，"Huarin Turn" is even more valued by the ruler，Models and objects of materials for the compilation of officials and materials for several times。Emperor Sui Yang ordered Liu Gu Yan、"Changzhou Jade Mirror" compiled by Yu Chuo, etc.，Ouyang Xun's "Arts and Culture Gathering" is based on "Emperor Lan" and "Turn" and so on，Then "abandon its floating miscellaneous，Delete its lengthy "。other，"Three Teachers Pearl British" compiled with "Wenti Bo"，Together with "Wenti Bo" itself is also the descendants of "Hualin Turn"。It can be seen that the early Tang Dynasty official practice books were affected by the "Huarin Turn"，Southern Book "Unified World"，Northern Books are absent for a long time。Until the Northern Song Dynasty official repairs "Taiping Royal Lan" "Previous" Revised Enthusiasts "," Arts and Culture Gathering "," Wenti Bo Yao "and the books of the books"，The "Xiu Wen Dian Royal Lan" representing the north has become the mainstream，"Arts and Culture Gathering" and "Wenti Bo"，The divided gap between the north and the south can be brought to merge，The history of books has really realized regional fusion。

　　Official Private Stream and As Form

In addition to the "Taiping Royal Lan" in the Northern Song Dynasty，It has also been compiled one after another with "Taiping Guangji", "Wenyuan Yinghua", "Book of Yuan Guizheng", etc.，Later generations collectively referred to it as "Song Four Books"。，"Tianhe Temple Royal Lan", "Ying Ying Yao Lan" and other official repair bet365 Play online games books are stretching，As for the Southern Song Dynasty, private books are unchanged，19 types of Southern Song Dynasty books recorded in the "Siku Quanshu" are all private books，The author has Zhu Mu's "Cultivation of the Category"、Pan Zimu's "Remembering Yuanhai", etc.。In addition, it is derived from the popular daily book book represented by "Lin Guangji"，The influence of the two generations in Yuanming is far -reaching。Until Mingcheng's ancestor editor "Yongle Ceremony"，official repairs only appear to be a successor，However, it's just a flash of flowers，The history of the Ming Dynasty books still mainly continues the private tradition of the Southern Song Dynasty book。

After the Ming and Qing Dingge，Kangxi Youxi Book，He has edited "Pei Wenyunfu", "Yuan Jian Telected Letter", "The Essence of the History", and "The Classic of the Words"，These large -scale books are out of official repair，The actual handling is the tradition of private books since Yuanming。"Peiwen Yunfu" inherited "Yunfu Guanyu" and "Five Car Reliance"，"Yuan Jian Category" is regularly imitated "Tang letters"，All use private books as blueprints，The book from the name of Kangxi Book Zhai also shows the traces of private cultivation traditions。At the same time, Chen Menglei compiled "Ancient and Modern Book Integration" with the support of the well -being，The inheritance is the most official official repair tradition。This can be seen，The traditional main line of the classics of official and private，As for the Qing Dynasty, a trend of gradual integration appeared。

It is also gathered in the classics，Class books are designed to divide the door category、Summary Gou Xuan，Series set the topic、Meeting group books，Similar purpose, different methods。Compared with class books，The origin of the series is late。Complex books such as "Confucian Police" and "Baichuan Xuehai" appeared during the Southern Song Dynasty，officially established this literature type。The difference between the two is，Class books have laid the tradition of official repair from the beginning of generation，Since then, officials bet365 live casino games and private cultivation are paid together，and the series has been written by privately，No official host compilation is seen so far。

Before the Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty，The carrier form of the official repairs has always been a book，As for Qianlong, he followed the transformation book with a series of books。He criticized the "Yongle Ceremony" in the Holy Make "Yongle Ceremony"，No class book，is to refute，Failure to allow the association in the system "，Criticizing "Ancient and Modern Book Integration" "Rate the cause of the cause of the category，The original text cannot be known，Make the reader trace the source，Reminder one by one "，So the purpose of opening a book to repair the book，With the joint efforts of the Siku Pavilion，"Siku Quanshu" is then brought to the world，Milestone status in the history of the series。But from the origin，"Siku Quanshu" should be regarded as a variant of official repairs，It is still reflected in the traditional copy of official repairs。Throughout the literature compilation of the entire Qing Dynasty，The form of the series began to jump into the mainstream，class books retreat to the next seat，This phenomenon is rooted in the radiation force brought by "Siku Quanshu"。

Shigmine change，Academic Changming，The increasingly abundant cultural classics need to sort out and summarize，The literature materials of the vast sea of ​​smoke need to be retrieved and used，class books to divide the door category、Non -done performance，Zheng can shoulder this heavy responsibility。So，National Key Ancient Books Organization Project- "Chinese Ceremony" came into being。

As a giant book compiled by the modern scientific classification system，"Chinese Ceremony" not only continues the fine tradition of ancient officials in the ancient government，At the same time, it aims to overhaul it.，According to modern humanities science、Social Science、Natural Science、Classification of technical science，Emphasize the scientific nature of the weft purpose、Strip rationality、Practical，Viewing traditional classics with a new field of vision system，It will definitely bet365 best casino games bring vitality to the inheritance and dissemination of the excellent traditional culture of China。

Since the western Xue East，Especially since entering the era of big data，Although the encyclopedia is full book、Dictionary and the technical impact and influence of electronic retrieval，But the traditional book tradition does not micro，Instead, it shows a strong vitality。The literature value and academic value of traditional books still require system discussions，Books This one is still needed to continue excavation and rational use of scholars。

　　(The author is the major project of the National Social Science Foundation "Ancient Chinese Book Syrian、Correspondence and Research "Chief Expert、Professor of Jinan University)