The two major systems of ancient literature in ancient times
February 07, 2023 09:10 Source: "China Social Sciences", February 7, 2023, Issue 2584 Author: Gao Jianwen

"Zhouyi · Family" said, "The view is viewed in the sky,Performing Performing the Fa in the Earth "。Ancient Chinese geographical knowledge not only emphasizes practicality,More conceptual color,and geography are also regarded as the king of the world、The learning of "Hua people" by Qi Zheng's cultivation。In the concept of "geography" in many ancient people,The term "public land" contains "the sky is‘ lid ’,The shape of the "public" and the political connotation of "dynasty territory",Compared to these characteristics of ancient geography。

Public Literature is the result and carrier of public land,It is also the crystallization of the knowledge of the public land。Spring and Autumn and before learning in Wangguan,The Son of the Warring States Period also often has its work tradition。As a special knowledge,The position of the knowledge of the public land、Inheritance is also closely related to specific populations。Public Literature can be regarded as their religious beliefs、Effects of the system environment and other institutional environments、Better restrictions,Use the knowledge of the public land,to realize its land and the people、Products that explain the ideal needs such as the world。At the same time,Some documents are classic in the inheritance process,It will also reverse the knowledge of the place of public、The development of concepts and literature has an impact。Among them,Starting with the two classics of "Mountains and Haijing" and "Yugong" as the starting point,Inheritance、During the development process, two major systems。Inheritance of the knowledge during the public land、Development of the Theory、The generation and communication of the literature,It can also be centered on the process bet365 live casino games of these two systems to sort out。

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In the era of "learning in the king official",The master of the knowledge of the public land itself is also part of the national machine,The Land Literature is also produced in the process of national governance。

In the summer and business era of Wu Zheng,,Based on the clan、State with strong independence is the basic social organization。The dynasty as "the length of the princes",More with the position of the national state to judge the "ours" and "others": For the "sealing country" of the "sealing country"、Gonner and other political means and sacrifice、Divine divination and other religious methods combined with governance methods,and the "Fang Guo" that is uncertain for the rebellion is weak。This is here,Symbolic control of the distant world through religious beliefs,It becomes a necessary rule。

The original "Shan Hai Jing" exists in the image form,Its content mainly includes the mountain system and its mountain gods in the "Shan Jing" as the main framework、Monster、Sacrifice instrument,and the Fang Guo, which is scattered in the mountains,、Monster、Special Scenery, etc.,And the content of the product in the Shan Jing is circulating in the form of oral biography。These land information is accumulated in Xia Shang's tribute,The main function of "Shan Hai Jing Map" is in the ceremony of patrols,The ritual control of the world's mountains and rivers through the god sacrifice。

After the business,Zhou people through rituals、Set the division of officials and ministers,Zhou Wang becomes the "monarch of the princes",Five Series Xunbang is also regarded as the component of the public "world"。With the development of the administrative operation system of the "Governor -Qing Ding -Qingshi -Internal and Outside Princes -Grassroots" in the Western Zhou Dynasty,The Zhou Dynasty's governance intensity to local governance,Turkish things to the world、Civil information bet365 live casino games has also been fully mastered,Mountains and rivers appeared、Sealed Domain、Civilian、The "Eastern Map" and "Map of the World Land" of the product。

From the perspective of the Kyushu territory and five -service pattern described in "Yu Gong",It should be produced in the middle and late Western Zhou Dynasty。Among them, Kyushu territory、Tutian Level、Gongfu system and other content,It should be based on the based on Datu's "Land of the World Land".。Writing of this part,It is designed to provide guidance for the dynasty "Xinjiang Lixia"。At the same time,"Yugong" relies on the text of the history of Dayu to rule the water,Its Kyushu Gongfu part also simulates the Xia Dai's "Da Xia" eulogy,This emphasizes the inheritance of Zhou people's inheritance of the "Kyushu" legal territory of the Xia Dynasty and the legitimacy of Zhou Wangquan。The emergence of "Yugong",It is the result of mature national governance model。

  The inheritance of Confucianism, Yin and Yang Family and the formation of the two major land system 

Eastern Zhou Dynasty descended,Wang Quanling Yi,Knowledge class has gradually become independent from national machines,Become the master of the new public knowledge and the creator of the literature,"Shan Hai Jing Map" and "Yugong" have become their main knowledge resources and classic basis for reconstruction of the land theory。Different groups of the knowledge class have their own job traditions,This makes them focus on the inheritance of "Shan Hai Jing Map" and "Yugong",Eastern Zhou Dynasty Jewelry also developed two major systems。

The main inheritor of the "Yugong" system is "Out of Situ's Official"、Respect the Confucian of the Six Classics,Its doctrine mainly involves three aspects: from numbers、The ritual system explains the theory of "choice" caused by the "Earth" of Luoyi in the Western Zhou Dynasty,See "Zhou Li", "Xunzi", etc.; "Reconstruction" in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty "Reform" "Yugong" Theory of "Kyushu" theory of Bet365 lotto review Kyushu,See "Zhou Li", "Rong Chengshi", "Erya", etc.; "China -Sea -Wilderness", which is derived from the five thousand miles of "Yugong",,Seen in "Yi Zhou Book · Mingtang", "Book of Rites · King", etc.。

The inheritance of the "Shan Hai Jing Map" system,and out of "The Official of the Hehe"、Focus on the Yin and Yang family constructed by the universe theory and the later scholars' relationships,There are two main results: First, the conversion of "Shan Hai Jing" from figures to text。Based on the emphasis on "national use",Original product knowledge and medicinal medication that was originally passed on、Xiang Xiang and other contents were written into the Shan Jing;、Monster and other knowledge is edited as "Neptune",It is intended to make "sage can pass through"。The second is the proposal of Zou Yan’s "Great Kyushu" theory。"Big Kyushu" theory is based on "Shan Hai Jing" as the main knowledge、The basis for the basis of Tianxue is calculated,Its purpose is to break through the view of the world with "Yugong" with "Kyushu" as the Fa Tong District,Challenge Zhou Wangquan's orthodoxy,I thought Tian Qi called Emperor Emperor to eliminate obstacles。

These two systems are not only knowledge、Document basis and inheritor each successful group,In the world view and the corresponding "Huamin" concept, the original ideas of "Shan Hai Jing Map" and "Yugong" are also inherited: The "Mountains and Hai Jingtu" system is more concerned about mountains and rivers、Farm State and other strange spaces、The symbolic (ritual or cognitive) control of all things; and the "Yugong" system is based on the "China" of the law of the law of "China",Kyushu Division、Tonada Gongfu、Custom Education and other contents are also pointing to administrative practice。

  The ideal of "Scholarship for Governance" and the maturity of the two major land literature system 

The formation and development of the two major local land system,At the same time, it is also the knowledge class to take the king、Bet365 lotto review Results of realizing the ideal of governance。Zou Yan and other His Majesty scholars edited "Shan Hai Jing"、Promote the "Great Kyushu" doctrine,It is designed to make up for the shortcomings of the knowledge system of "Yu Gong"、Challenge the traditional view of the Zhou people,This objectively promotes the diversion of the two major local land science systems。At the end of the Warring States Period,National Fusion、The trend of the world in the world is becoming clear,Reconstruction of the world view to meet the new rule,It becomes a theme of the Land of Public Land at this time。The two major systems are also knowledge integration、Further development in innovation,And more communication、complementary。

"Wilderness" is a result of a series of cultural activities that Chu to achieve an ideal in the later period of the Warring States Period,Although it is based on the knowledge of "Shan Hai Jing",but centered on "Yu Ding Kyushu","China -Sea -Wilderness" worldview is its structural framework; in the "Lu's Spring and Autumn" with the "Xingwang Ceremony" of the Qin people,Centered on "Start",Further described a centered on "Yugong" Kyushu、World blueprint with "Great Kyushu" as the base plate,This has also opened up a new idea of ​​the "Mountains and Haijing Pictures" system in the world。

In the literature such as "Eria · Release", "Dai Dai Rites · Five Emperor" and other documents,Confucianism is also absorbing the contents of "Mother of the West", "Yumin", and "Wood" and other "Shan Hai Jing" content,to make up for the knowledge defects that are detailed in "China" slightly in "Four Yi"。

Fang Shi who is good at general knowledge and Confucianism inherited the elite thoughts,The two groups with the largest influence in the intellectual community of the Qin and Han dynasties。Fang Shi along the idea of ​​"Lu's Spring and Autumn",The main basis is based on the knowledge of "Shan Hai Jing" and the "Great Kyushu" worldview,Created documents such as "Huainanzi · 墬 墬" and "River Picture bet365 live casino games Elephant Elephant",Provide world view support for the Qin and Han Empire's expansion ruling strategy。"River Picture Elephant Elephant" that appeared after the Confucianism of the Confucianism,It is even more attached to the ideas of scientific ideas such as Tianren,As a weir book, becomes "the Emperor's Emperor's Emperor",This marks the maturity of the "Mountains and Haijing Pictures" system in the Han Dynasty。

With the maturity of the county and county system and the establishment of Confucianism -oriented national ideology,Sima Qian、Liu Xiang、Zhu Gan、Bandu and other scholars are also trying to explore the new dynasty's narrative,to meet the two major needs of the legal space of the dynasty rule and the governance of the territory,Its representative results are "Hanshu · Geography"。"Hanshu · Geography" is based on national counties and counties.,The history of the "Kyushu" Yuandian area of ​​"Yugong" as the historical basis of the Han Dynasty is used as the historical basis of the Han Dynasty,Information and other information of the county's mountains and rivers required for the Turkish Governance is not available,Established the Geography of the History of Later Nations、Basic writing paradigm of local chronicles,The dynasty land school with "Yugong" as the Yuandian is mature。

For the Han Dynasty,The local science of the two major systems has its own use in "Hua people"。Emperor Hanming ordered Wang Jing to give him "Shan Hai Jing", "Hequn Book", "Yu Gongtu",The Miscellaneous Pictures of the Hanshi "Public Land" and "Including Earth" in the Wei and Jin dynasties are still collected in one place,Not only "Shan Hai Jing" and "Yugong" are also regarded as the classics of public ground,and the "Bian Di" style of wei is also viewed as a public literature。This kind of understanding has a profound impact on the ideological ideas of later generations: After the decline of the study of the studies,The "Shan Hai Jing Map" system Bet365 app download public ground learning immediately,However, in the public literature arranged by the Book of Sui and the Old Tang Book,"Shan Hai Jing" still ranks first in the list,Even the deserted sayings such as "Ten continents" are also mixed in the toilet。

  (The author is the National Social Science Fund Youth Project "Tang Yuki Knowledge、Research on the Genesis of Concepts and Related Documents、Associate Professor of the School of Arts of Shanxi Normal University) 

Editor in charge: Zhang Jing
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