As everyone knows，Local traditional culture and art are important resources for the construction of national cultural identity in newly independent African countries after World War II。The traditional African sculpture art has also profoundly influenced Western modern art。African oral tradition represented by the West African "Sundiata" epic tradition，Enriched the genealogy of human knowledge to a great extent。Since the adoption of the Convention for the Safeguarding of the bet365 casino bonus (hereinafter referred to as the "Convention") by UNESCO in 2003 and its entry into force，After these traditional cultural expressions have gone through certain confirmation and definition procedures，Being included in the list of bet365 casino bonus (hereinafter referred to as "bet365 casino bonus") of relevant countries，Become a more visible bet365 casino bonus item。In African countries，Traditional culture and art are mainly taught through oral transmission，Achieving intergenerational inheritance through family inheritance and master-disciple inheritance。But，With the increase in immigration and urbanization evolution，Young people are increasingly separated from their elders as holders of traditional knowledge and skills，The inheritance of bet365 casino bonus knowledge and skills has been greatly affected。Under the framework of the Convention，How should African countries inherit bet365 casino bonus items，has become an urgent problem to be solved。

The Convention states，The inheritance of bet365 casino bonus is mainly achieved through formal and informal education。Specifically，Formal education mainly refers to the intangible cultural inheritance activities implemented in national education schools such as universities, middle schools and primary schools，Informal education mainly refers to community centers、Intangible cultural inheritance activities carried out by non-national educational institutions and places such as associations and vocational training institutions，Includes both traditional family inheritance and master-disciple inheritance。The above two forms of intangible inheritance exist simultaneously in African countries，And showing different characteristics。

　　bet365 casino bonus inheritance in formal education

In some African countries，bet365 casino bonus is included in basic education and higher education，Even the teaching content of preschool education。In basic education stage，Algerian primary school curriculum for fifth grade includes oral poetry and stories，Secondary education includes the interpretation of folktales and legends。After the “Ahelil” oral tradition of Algeria’s Gurara region was included in the UNESCO List of Oral and bet365 casino bonus of Humanity，Some middle schools in areas where "Ahri" is spread have opened centers for teaching this oral tradition。In Côte d'Ivoire，Teach Côte d’Ivoire’s national language and local customs, songs and dances in primary schools，And the craft of making balafon xylophone。Creole is used as the medium of instruction in Seychelles from kindergarten to primary school for 9 years，Intended to inherit Creole language，The school also incorporates oral traditions such as riddles and songs as well as bet365 casino bonus such as traditional building methods into the curriculum，Traditional knowledge related to bet365 casino bonus is included in the social science curriculum for students aged 10-11，Middle school history classes and geography classes will also cover bet365 casino bonus content。Teachers also encourage students to explore and practice bet365 casino bonus projects through some traditional sports activities in physical education classes。

Botswana has a relatively complete plan for bet365 casino bonus education and teaching at the basic education stage，Not only some intangible cultural inheritors were invited by the school to teach traditional knowledge as teaching assistants，bet365 casino bonus has also been included in various subjects in schools of all grades，Like history、Music、Visual Arts、Geography、Performing Arts、Environmental Science and Religious Education。Botswana’s Ministry of Basic Education has established a specialized subject group，Responsible for writing study materials and user guides，Used for bet365 casino bonus teaching in school，In addition，Also developed primary and secondary programs in creative and performing arts，So that students can have an in-depth understanding of bet365 casino bonus projects。

In Nigeria，Children must learn Nigerian traditional culture and art for nine years after entering school，includes dance、Handcraft、Music、Folklore、Cooking and sewing, etc.，The medium of instruction is local language。The school also organizes various competitions related to bet365 casino bonus，Primary and middle school students must learn from Nigeria’s three major ethnic languages ​​(Yoruba、Choose one to study between Igbo and Hausa。In Burkina Faso，Secondary teachers need training，Learn the skills to incorporate bet365 casino bonus into the curriculum。

It is worth mentioning，Some African countries also use existing traditional bet365 casino bonus spaces to conduct extracurricular practical teaching in formal education。For example，Kenya Music Festival is held every year，Contains traditional dances and songs，As well as traditional oral argument and oral poetry。

　　bet365 casino bonus genetic inheritance in non-formal education

Intangible cultural inheritance activities outside schools in African countries also take many forms。In some countries，Government、Actors other than the bet365 casino bonus holding community such as public institutions and enterprises have not yet substantially participated in the inheritance of bet365 casino bonus，The inheritance of bet365 casino bonus basically continues the traditional methods such as family inheritance or master-disciple inheritance。For example, in Mauritania, children mainly learn traditional knowledge and skills from their elders through imitation during festivals，Girls learn handicrafts and traditional knowledge from their mothers。In Namibia，Some community members pass on bet365 casino bonus skills to young people through regular informal training，Such as pottery making and basket making, etc.。But in Mali，Because apprentices often need to do housework or farm work for their master，Today’s young people no longer have the patience to learn skills like in the past，The master-disciple inheritance method is gradually dying out。

Some off-campus training centers also play a certain role in the inheritance of bet365 casino bonus。The Cultural Heritage Department of the Ministry of Culture of Burkina Faso held awareness-raising activities on bet365 casino bonus protection in training centers and communities，At the same time, teach traditional mural painting skills to school-age girls。In Morocco，There is little progress in incorporating bet365 casino bonus into the national education curriculum，However, some training centers and even mosques have carried out arts and crafts training。Tunisia’s vocational training centers provide a wealth of training opportunities for young people，Including jewelry processing、Traditional crafts such as embroidery and woodworking。

What needs to be pointed out is，bet365 casino bonus inheritors in some African countries do not recognize the inheritance education form of “bet365 casino bonus in schools”，I think this method has changed the inheritance space of bet365 casino bonus，Posing a threat to traditional community organization and inheritance methods。Botswana’s bet365 casino bonus inheritors also believe，Informal non-genetic inheritance and transmission methods are more meaningful for the development of young people，Like traditional competition、Markets and Festivals。Some community-run schools in Côte d’Ivoire teach traditional percussion to children、Knowledge and skills such as wind music and dance。Some bet365 casino bonus holding communities and inheritors in Mauritius have also built their own training centers，Providing training to youth and women，Traditional instrumental music in the national language Creole、Painting、Tambora production、Teaching folk tales and folklore。

　bet365 casino bonus inheritance characteristics of African countries

Based on existing information，African countries attach different levels of importance to bet365 casino bonus，Botswana、Ivory Coast、Countries such as Mauritius and Nigeria attach greater importance to it。The education policies of Seychelles and other countries attach great importance to national language teaching and its instrumental role in intangible inheritance。bet365 casino bonus in some other African countries has not yet entered the formal school curriculum，Or in the initial stage。

Overall view，Formal forms of non-genetic inheritance in existing national education schools in Africa，There are also informal forms relying on communities or training centers。Formal form of intangible inheritance，includes oral tradition、Traditional handicrafts、Traditional music、Dance、Traditional cooking techniques and national languages, etc.，At the same time, bet365 casino bonus is also integrated into the school’s history、Taught subjects such as music and geography。Teaching staff，Some schools hire intangible cultural inheritors and practitioners as teaching assistants，They prepare materials and guides for bet365 casino bonus teaching in schools，Guide our school teachers to integrate bet365 casino bonus into existing teaching subjects。In some countries, colleges and universities also provide theoretical and practical training on bet365 casino bonus for cultural workers。

For informal forms of intangible inheritance，The traditional master-disciple or family inheritance method is dying out in some African countries，A few African countries have done better。This intangible inheritance method retains traditional cultural spaces such as markets and festivals，Has advantages that formal forms of intangible inheritance do not have，Some communities run their own teaching venues for inheriting bet365 casino bonus, which is a reflection of the autonomy and initiative of the inheritors or inheritance groups。

African countries are exploring community leadership、Accumulated certain experience in the social inheritance of non-formal bet365 casino bonus。UNESCO also states: “In supporting intangible heritage and helping the public at large understand the importance of these heritages to communities，Community centers and associations created and managed by communities themselves can play a vital role。”The above practical experience of the bet365 casino bonus holding communities in African countries reflects the “community-centered” spirit advocated by UNESCO，Conducive to maintaining the sustainability of intangible heritage，Deserves academic attention。

(This article is a phased result of the Humanities and Social Sciences Research Youth Fund Project of the Ministry of Education "Research on the Compilation of Foreign 'bet365 casino bonus' Inventories from the Perspective of 'Community Participation'" (19YJCZH117)

(Author’s unit: bet365 casino bonus of Foreign Languages, Yangzhou University)