The word "grid words" first came from what classics，Some scholars believe: "The word" ‘grid words' is not found in the classics，It is found in the reporter，In the earliest time for the Three Kingdoms, Cui Yan's "The Book of Shi Shizi" has a cloud: ‘Zhou Kong’ s motto，The Ming Learning of the Second Classics' ‘。"" (Meng Sen: "Ge's Words and Elves"，Yuelu Book Club 2003 edition，Page 325) Saying "grid words" first appeared in the Three Kingdoms period，Lost late。Reading historical books can be known，The word "grid words" was first seen in "Yizhou Book" (all two places)，All related to Zhou Gong。Seeing "Yi Zhou Book · Xiao Kaiwu": "Non -Time，There is a motto，Nihono is insufficient。"Zhou Baohong interpret" grid "as" rule "。(Zhou Baohong: "Yi Zhou Book> Examination Explanation"，Social Science Literature Press 2001 edition，p. 89) Another part of "Yizhou Book · Emperor Gate · Preface": "Zhou Guild Minister Yu Gate，A supplementary master's words，as "Royal Gate"。"Pan Zhen's" Zhou Shu Jieyi "cloud:" grid，French also。"" (Huang Huaixin, etc.: "Yi Zhou Shuhui School Collection Notes"，Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House 2007 edition，Page 1131) The above two quotes are the earliest records of the word "grid" in pre -Qin ancient books，All Zhou Gong's words can be used as French motto。"Ci Hai" also interprets "grid words" as: "It can be a French and simple sentence。"(Xia Zhengnong、Editor Chen Zhili: "Ci Hai" 6th edition，Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House 2009 edition，page 703)。This situation is generated，The status of Zhou Gong himself、The influence is closely related to the development of Zhou Gong's words in different historical periods。

　　Bet365 app download

Zhou Gong's words earlier when King Zhou Wu was in his reign。"Historical Records · Lu Zhou Gongshi Family" contains: "And Wu Wang ascended，Dan Changfu Wing Wuwang，Most of them ...，Is for Lu Gong。Zhou Gong will not seal，Li Zuo Wuwang。"" Zhou Gong is an important assistant to King Wu。According to the "Yizhou Book · Duyi" records in the Western Zhou Dynasty，Wu Wang is serious when he is ill and wants to pass on Zhou Gong，and said: "Dan，Ru Wei's brother ... Ruwei，A lot of knowledge。Emperor Emperor's ancestors in today，勖 勖，Payment on the body。If you are farming,bet365 live casino games ，Hope to get hungry。"Wu Wang told Zhou Gong: You are my younger brother，Although young but wise，From the Emperor Emperor of the Emperor to the present，You can all tell their virtues，Tell me or add them to me。So I am like farmers growing land，Hungry, I hope to get harvested from you。It can be seen that Zhou Gong Bo Wenqiang and Wu Wang's dependence on Zhou Gong's words。The Western Zhou Document "Yi Zhou Book · Emperor Gate" is a speech from Zhou Gong to the ministers，He said "Woohoo at the end，Jingye! Monitor "，Zhuangshu Zuyun "Supervision，Mirror also。Yan Dang is a good person as the method，Evil is ring "，Chen Fengheng Yiyun "Jing，儆。Supervision，Vision。"" (Huang Huaixin, etc.: "Yi Zhou Shuhui School Collection Notes"，p. 558) It can be seen that this is Zhou Gong reminding the ministers，With this assistant to become king、Speaking of helping yourself to govern the country as a testament。There are similar examples in "Shang Shu"，If "Shangshu · Wuyi" "Woo! Woo!，"Shang Shu · Zi Cai" "Since ancient times, King Ruizi ... Has! Ruiz Jian"，"Shangshu · Jun 奭" "Supervisor in 兹 兹"。The above citations are mostly at the end of the article，Zhou Gong's king of Zhou Cheng、Uncle Wei Kang、Zhao Gong's speech。Mr. Fu Fulin pointed out: "'Supervision in 兹' means this as a nominal precept ... In the" No Yi "chapter, the promise of the king was prompted，‘Woohoo! King Qi Qi in 作，‘already in the“ Zi Cai ”chapter! Ruoz Supervisor '，Like the same。"(晁 Fulin:" The Formation of the Predictive of the Pre -Qin period "for the formation of the concept of history"，"Research on History History" 2010 Issue 2) This is very correct。Zhou Gong is in King Zhou Cheng、Uncle Wei Kang、When Zhao Gong and Minister speak，Repeated emphasis on "Ruzi Supervisor" and "Supervision in Zi"，It is intended that the audience should use what they say as a warning。Zhou Gongzhi's words are in King Wu、French style and abstinence function of the two dynasties，It can be seen from this。

　Dr. Spring and Autumn Dr.

About the words of Zhou Gong's words about Dr. Qing during the Spring and Autumn Period，Mainly two articles in "Kang Ye" and "No Yi" in "Today's Book"，and "Zhou Li" and "Oath" (belong to the chapter，See "Zuo Zhuan" Wen Gong eighteen years) and other articles。Among them, the most attractive is "Kang Ye"，This article is a cricket from Zhou Gong Cheng Cheng Wang's resignation to his brother Wei Kang，Concentrated bet365 Play online games reflects Zhou Gongjing to protect the people、The political concept of Mingde with caution，Not only important content，and contains a lot of classic and timeless aphorisms (such as "dare not insult", "but life is not often", "resentment is not big，Not in small ""，Mao Wu Mao ", etc.)，Therefore, it is the introduction of Dr. Chunqiu Qing。Most of these remarks are cited as a guide to act as a guide (persuasioner has the Mortuage of the Kingdom、Zhongxing Xunzi、Han Jue、Fan Wenzi、Zhibo Guo，Shen Gong Wuchen of Chu Kingdom、Left History Yixiang is equal)，Reflecting strong French style、Jianjian function。According to my author statistics，In "Zuo Zhuan" and "Mandarin"，Jin、Qi、Doctor Guo Qing, who is in Chu, said that "Kang Ye" has reached 10 times，Among them, the Jin people call as many as 7 times，Calculator has a divination，There is also no shortage of Han's、Fan's、Zhongxing and other family chiefs。Among them, Lu Yigong 33 years of the mortar season of "Kang Ye"，Jin Wengong once "learned to study" ("Mandarin · Jin language 9")。The two confirm each other，It can be seen that the masterpiece of the "book" and the importance of the Jin State of the Jin State，This is also the main reason why Jin Kingdom has the most remarks。

Zhou Gongzi Bo Bo Bi Bo Bo is the king of the start of Lu Kingdom，At the beginning of division, "Make the handsome Qizong，Ending its clan，Ugly，With the rules Zhougong，Life in Zhou。It is the job in Lu，Mingde of Zhao Zhou Gong。Earthland accompany Dun，Zhu、Zong、Bu、History，Preparation、Code，Lawlog、Yi Yi "(" Zuo Zhuan "Dinggong for four years)，It can be seen that "the rule Zhou Gong" and "Zhao Zhou Gong's Mingde" is an important mission of the country，The "Classic Studies" in the rewarding products should be available in many Zhou Gong classics。"Zuo Zhuan" Zhaogong two -year record，Jin Hou Xiao Han Xuanzi hire Lu，"Guanshu in Da Shi，See "Yi", "Elephant" and "Lu Chunqiu"，Said: Zhou Li is all in Lu Yan，The reason why I know Zhou Gong's virtue and Zhou Wang also "，Visible Zhou Gong、Zhou Li's deep influence on the country。"Zuo Zhuan" Wen Gong's 18 -year record: Xuan Gong accepted the prince of the uncle's stolen treasure and wanted to grant the city，Ji Sun Xingfu deported it，He sent Tai Sark back to Xuangong，That is to quote Zhou Gong's "Zhou Li" and "Oath Fate"。Chu people have also quoted "Kang Ye" and "No Yi" for persuasion (see "Mandarin · Chu Language" and "Zuo Zhuan" in the Bet365 app download second year)，Reflected the long broadcast of Zhou Gong's remarks during the Spring and Autumn Period。

　Confucius Law Zhou Gong also searched for his words

Catch until the late spring and autumn，Zhou Gong's remarks are assembled for Confucius's editor、Organization。Confucius Su is self -proclaimed with the heirs of Zhou Gongli culture，"The Analects of Confucius · Shuto"，Zi said: "I am very declining! For a long time, I will never dream of Zhou Gong。"This means，"When Confucius is strong，The Word of Zhou Gongbi，Between dreams，Time or see it。I can't know how old I know，Sui Wu Fu, this dream。"(Qian Mu:" New Analects of Confucius "，Kyushu Publishing House 2011 edition，Pages 157) "Zuo Zhuan" Ai Gong 11th year download，Ji Sun will tax according to the field acres，Consultation Confucius Opinions。Do not conform to the law of rituals，Confucius said: "And Ji Jisun wants to do it and law，The Code of Zhou Gong is here。If you want to do it，How can I visit? "Mandarin · Lu Lingu" also records this，Among them, the "Zhou Gong's Ceremony" is used as "Zhou Gong's Nationality"，It can be seen that Confucius uses the reference and rule of judging right and wrong with Zhou Gongdian's library。Based on this，In the process of Confucius editing，Collect the relevant Zhou Gong Chapter、Setting self -reason is reasonable。

What Zhou Gong chapter was selected when Confucius edited，We can't know。But you can imagine，The 12 Zhou Gong Chapter in the Existing Book of "Today's Book" (that is, "Da Yan", "Kang Ye", "Jiu Ji", "Zi Mi", "Luo Yan", "Calling", "Duo Shi", "None" Yi "," Golden "," Jun "," Li Guan ")，Gai can be exempted from being killed because of the editor of Confucius，spread to this day。and 28 "This Book of Jinwen", which only stores the name of Zhou Gong chapter (such as "The Destiny of Weizi", "Jiahe", "Pu Gu", "Bowl", "Tang Yan", "Cai Zhongzhi", "The Destiny of Cai Zhong", " Zhou Guan ", Zhou Li", "Oath Fate", etc.)，Perhaps it was also selected by Confucius at the time。Confucius editor，Not only does Zhou Gong's remarks gather、Save，and spread it widely through book teaching，Shape a gentleman personality in the Confucian school、Pursuit of political ideals is regarded as Guiyi。According to statistics，The Book of Rites compiled by Kongmen Hou Xue has quoted 5 times in "Kang Ye"，"Luo Yan" 2 times，"Mencius" 3 times to quote Zhou Gong's words，"Xunzi" quotes Zhou Gong's words to as many as 9 times。The author of "Zuo Zhuan" Bet365 app download compiles 10 of the materials of "Kang Ye" into the book，and in "Zuo Zhuan" Xianggong's 23 years of levy "Kang Ye" "only life is not common" to comment，He should also learn from Kongmen。other，"Pipe", "Han Feizi", "Warring States Policy", "Lu's Spring and Autumn" and other books have also attracted "Shangshu" Zhou Gong Chapter。It can be seen that Zhou Gong's words have become public cultural resources in the Warring States Period，Provided reference for the Baijiali of the sons。

　"Ge" sentence and Zhou Gong's words

"Yue Zhou Book · Huangmen · Preface" "Little Kaiwu"，"Ge Naiyan" in "Big Kaiwu", "Victor"，The "grid as" in the "Book of Book"，All related to Zhou Gong，At present, there is still controversy in the meaning of "grid" in the academic community。About the "Gegie Word" of "Emperor Gate · Preface"，Qing people Pan Zhenyun "grid，French also "，and Zhu You Zeng Zeyun: "Gegong Word，。"" (Huang Huaixin, etc.: "Yi Zhou Shuhui School Collection Notes"，page 1131) About the "Gegotic Word" of "Little Kaiwu"，Zhou Baohong interprets "grid" as "rule"，Niu Hongen is also interpreted as "if you are in a guideline"，But Niu Hongen also interprets the "grid" of "grid Naiyan" and "grid" as "fine arrival" (Niu Hongen: "New Translation of Yi Zhou Book"，Sanmin Book Bureau 2015 edition，page 215)。About the "Victor"，Qing people Zhou Wengui said "grid，Law also "(Huang Huaixin et al.:" Yi Zhou Shuhui School Collection Notes "，pp. 261-262)。Zhang Wenyu believes: "grid: finger words，Masterpiece。"(Zhang Wenyu:" Yi Zhou Book Complete Translation "，Guizhou People's Publishing House 2000 Edition，page 101) From this, we can see，About the "grid" in the "grid" sentences of the "Yizhou Book"，It should be interpreted as "French" and "French"，It is still "Zhizhi" and "Good"，Different from scholars，There is also a situation of contradictions with the views of a scholar。Comprehensive consideration，The author tends to train "grid" as "method"，The reason is as follows。

First look at the "grid words" in "Emperor Gate · Preface"。As mentioned earlier，Zhou Gong "respects! Supervise"，It is intended to remind the ministers to speak it as French，Leading as Jianjie。Therefore, the author of "Ying Zhou Book · Preface" refers to "Emperor Gate" as Zhou Gong's "Auxiliary Lord's Motto"，Pan Zhen solved the word "grid" with "French"，It happens to be French for this speech with Zhou Gong、Jianjian nature is consistent。

Look at the "Gexing Word" in "Little Kaiwu"。This article mainly describes bet365 best casino games Wu Wang's sun and night alert to Yin Shang without the law，Week announcement is "triode、Four Charles、Five Elements、Qishun、Jiu Ji "and so on.，Wu Wang said at the end of the article, "Yu Wen is in the past，Training Code Regulations。Non -time，There is a motto，Nihono is not enough "，Together with the "trainee" of "grid words" and "satisfactory"，It can be seen that "grid words" also have regular French properties，Ke Kuang Zhengzheng's deficiency。And "Ge Naiyan" in "Big Kaiwu" "Victor"，It is the "Four Qi proposed by King Zhou Gong、Wuhe、Seven Loss、Nine -cause、Ten Moisturizing "and so on.，The "grid" in "Bao Shu" is also the "Bow with four bits proposed by King Zhou Gong、Jiu De，People have ten rapes，Ten scattered，There are three letters "and so on.。

This can be seen，Zhou Gong said that the content of the discipline is closely related to the word "grid"。Taking the number as the discipline，It is highly condensed by the experience and lessons of governing the country through numbers、A form of a summary，It can be referenced、Resolution，Most of them have French nature。"Shangshu Hong Fan", which records the governance of the country's "nine schemes" (category of matters)、Kong Shu all trained "Hong Fan" as "Dafa")，Explain that "Jiuchou" has a few discipline content with laws。If you talk about measuring talents, there are "three not far、Three Nothing、Three No Animals "" Yi Zhou Book · Dharma "is famous in the" Law "，It also reflects the law of the law with a few discipline。So，Many of the above Zhou Gong's proposed by King Wuwu also have the same discipline content，And the King of Wu responded with "grid words", "grid (and) words", "Vege" and other "grids"，It is the affirmation of Zhou Gong's words as a discipline of discipline。So，The "grid words", "grid (and) words" "and Victoria" in the "Ying Zhou Book" "，It is logical。

If this，"Ge Word" can be a French word，"Ge Nai (and) Word" is your speech as French，"Victor" means that your remarks are the rule，This interpretation article is from the word，Bring it back to the original text of "Yi Zhou Book" without blocons。Converse，If "grid" is trained as "to", "good"，Not enough to show that Wu Wang's affirmation of Zhou Gong's remarks、Adopting attitude，Not enough to show the French style of Zhou Gong's words、Jianjian function。

I want，Zhou Gong is the founder of the Western Zhou Li Le Civilization，If he says that "making ceremonies and making fun" is formed by a solid codes，Then its important Bet365 lotto review political speech is an explanation of the spiritual spirit of ritual and music、Extension，Both are the reference of Zhou people、"Golden Key Law"。Based on Zhou Gong's words in Western Zhouwu、French style of the two dynasties、Jianjian function，and Zhou Gong's remarks during the Spring and Autumn Period were widely circulated and regarded by the doctor of the country as a guide for acting，To Confucius editor，and through book teaching to make Zhou Gong's words the pursuit of ideals in Confucian scholars、Shaping of Personality，During the Warring States Period, Zhou Gong's remarks became public cultural resources that Zhuzi wrote the book，The above Zhou Gong's words are generated、passed on、The historical process of assembly，Affecting the editors of the "Yizhou Book" in the Warring States Period use the word "grid" with "law"，to show the French style of Zhou Gong's words、Jianjian function。This is the important reason for Zhou Gongzhi's words as "Ying Zhou Book"，It is also the origin of the term "grid words"。

(This article is the 65th batch of the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation on the 65th batch of the project "Special Research on the Qin Cultural and Sports Issue of the Qin Dynasty under the Threshold of Jianjia visual" (2019m652764)

(The author is a special researcher at the School of History and Culture, South China Normal University)