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In recent years，The concept of social enterprises starts to become popular，Organs around the world regard social enterprises as places、Key concepts of practical influence on the national and international community，Vigorously support the development of social enterprises，China、India and the United Kingdom also welcome and support the relevant concepts of social enterprises。

Since the economic crisis in 2008，Each country is forced to open up a new road to solve social injustice，Discussion on social enterprises has also risen to the level of national strategy，Countries have begun to solve society through social enterprises、Economic and environmental problems。For example，At a round table meeting held at the Prime Minister's House in London in June 2018，British Prime Minister Theresa May emphasized，Social enterprises affect the public service economy，It is an important part of society。Not only that，The concept of social enterprises also occupy the core position in the "Social Value Act" launched by the British government in January 2013。Social entrepreneurs have greater pioneering power when solving social problems，They adhere to the spirit of "creating social value"，Plasma、The development of national and global society contributes its own strength。

The article first analyzes the continuous rise of social enterprises as the theoretical concept，Subsequently discussed the interpretation of social enterprises in the context of public policy in China and India，Finally summarized the full text，and look forward to future research。

　　The rise of social enterprises

As described above，Social enterprises are regarded as one of the constituent bet365 best casino games elements of social economy，This concept is gradually popularized globally，Social enterprises have also attracted the attention of policy makers and all sectors of society。It can also achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Objective，It can also achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Objective。The British Cultural Commission said，More and more studies indicate，Social enterprises can provide more employment opportunities for vulnerable groups、Promote the empowerment of women and youth and alleviate the social rejection of the entire Asia -Pacific region。

But，Recent study of the British -Indian Education and Research Plan (Ukieri) indicates，Ordinary people still have not fully understood the promotion role of social enterprises on the development of local communities。There are many discussions about the definition of social enterprises，International academic literature is generally considered，Social enterprises are a contemporary idea，With the country as the background，Different from traditional business and non -profit activities，Integrate social purposes、Market -oriented、Social and business characteristics such as performance standards。

Richard A. Hoefer, a School of Social Work at the School of Social Work at the University of Texas University, and Associate Professor Shannon Sliva, associate professor of the School of Social Work of Denver University in the United States. The article discusses the local enterprises in the place、The role of the country and the world，To clarify the meaning and purpose of social enterprises，The two made complex ideas。Hoffer and Sliva thinks，Social enterprises can simply define enterprises that are committed to public interests，A social enterprise should be: committed to benefiting society; establishing a set of market standards to create revenue; investing in some or all profit in social causes; enabling consumers to improve their lives or career。

bet365 best casino games Before the establishment of a social enterprise, you need sufficient training，Learning related knowledge。In recent years，College played an important role in promoting the start and development of social enterprises。In many British universities' undergraduate and graduate courses，Social enterprises are an indispensable and important part of，Social enterprise courses in colleges and universities provide students with opportunities for cross -disciplinary learning，Attract a large number of students to participate。Increase social enterprises into the course arrangement，You can integrate English、Engineering、Different disciplines such as medicine or social science，Can provide students with opportunities for cross -disciplinary learning，This is of great significance for colleges and universities。

3615_3647，thus promoted social value creation。Higher Education in the UK develops teaching around a module system，Recent，The University of Hudsfield, England launched a new module called "Social Research and Social Enterprises"。In this course module，Students can study a certain social problem，Cooperation with the local community organization proposes a solution for this issue，and establish the best practice of knowledge exchange through these courses。

　　Social enterprises in China

Although the concept of social enterprises has only become popular in China recently，But as a cooperative behavior of social enterprises, it has a historical origin in China。feudal society period，Farmers need to cooperate with natural disasters such as floods and famine。This collective effort of farmers at that time was uniformly coordinated by the rulers with the help of the ministers，So，The operation of social enterprises in the feudal society period is from top to bottom、From the court to the people。Sinologist Karl August Wittfogel (Hydraulic Civilization under the Hydraulic Civilization (Oriental Despotism)。

Modern China，An example of a well -known social enterprise is the work of work in the 1930s and Bet365 lotto review 1940s，It is generally considered to be Helen Snow's proposal for industrial cooperation，Domestic patriotic elements and overseas friends jointly promoted the work of work together。At that time，Rewi Alley、George Aylwin Hogg、Helen Snow and others organized and established a number of industrial cooperatives that manufacture military and civilian materials，To support the Anti -Japanese War。The Gonghe Movement has been strongly supported by Mao Zedong and Chiang Kai -shek，Helen Snow once quoted Mao Zedong's praise of the Gonghe Movement with pen name Nym Wales: "I agree to establish a small industry in China through a cooperative ... The Northwest Theater Establishs this kind of cooperative industry，Eighth Route Army will thank and welcome it very warmly。”

Baoji at the time was called China's "Gonghe City"，Produced more than 100 industrial products。Dato's results are not limited to the industrial products produced，It pioneered the employment of gender equality and disabled soldiers，It also drives the construction of kindergartens and primary schools，And with the masses with suggestions on medical health and family planning，Promoting a series of educational and social activities。Although the further development of the post -industrial movement movement was suppressed by the Kuomintang，and eventually die，But it leaves the precious conceptual heritage of cooperation and mutual assistance。

In Contemporary China，People have different views on social enterprises，These views are related to the development of Chinese social enterprises。For example，From the perspective of Zhao Meng, director of the Social Career and Micro Finance Research Center of Renmin University of China，China has a different tradition from the West，Although the younger generation in China has the understanding of the two concepts of "society" and "enterprises", it is more biased towards the West，But under the influence of traditional bet365 Play online games Confucian thoughts，China and the West "society" and "enterprises" are different。

The British Cultural Education Association launched a large project in China in 2009-2016，I hope to enhance people's understanding of social enterprises，Encourage social enterprises to develop in China。This project cultivates more than 3,200 social entrepreneurs，Provided nearly 37 million yuan of social investment funds to 117 social enterprises，It also promoted the spread of social corporate concepts through social media，The number of audiences is 12 million，More than 5600 commercial reports conducted a special analysis of this project。Nathan Hubbard-Miles, the project official of the Social and Development Group of the British Embassy's Culture and Education Department, interviewed the official Steve Koon and Zhang Hongyan。Guan Yinglian thinks，Social enterprises can fill the blank space between private and public sectors，Especially in the fields of elderly services and special education。Zhang Hongyan expressed an identity on this view，Added the way，Social enterprises can also promote the tolerance of migrant workers in cities，Strengthen the connection between small rural economies and cities，These fields have huge economic potential。

Ding Li, deputy director of the Development Center of the Eun Public Welfare Organization, believes，The development prospects of social enterprises are broad。If you can effectively have an enterprise in the United Nations，Social enterprises will achieve leapfrog development。Guan Yinglian and Zhang Hongyan are also confident in the development of social enterprises。They think，Although social enterprises still need to be further supported by the government，Many people do not believe this kind of charity business needs to divide shareholders，But considering that there are more than 80 million disabled people in China，Demand huge，Social enterprises in related fields have the potential to achieve rapid development in the next 5-10 years。

British Volunteer Action Bet365 lotto review Innovation Center (CIVA) is also optimistic about the development prospects of social enterprises in China，This center has carried out social enterprise promotion projects in the Mainland and Hong Kong。Dr. Ruth Shapiro, CEO of the Asian Charity and Social Center, has edited a book about American social entrepreneurs，The Chinese version of this book was launched in 2015，and added Xia Luping's interview with 5 Chinese social entrepreneurs。In the dialogue between Xia Luping and social entrepreneurs，Although the social mission of social enterprises is still an important issue，But the Chinese social entrepreneurs interviewed also believed，The business model of Chinese social enterprises needs to be updated，Newly founded social enterprises need to establish a better business model，and the government will determine whether social enterprises can truly achieve leapfrog development in the future。

The author thinks，Social enterprises are an important part of social and economic challenge measures，is a new focus of the relationship between the public department and the local community。The author puts forward a few ideas of future research: first，In terms of operating methods of social enterprises，You can carry out closer multinational research cooperation，Social Enterprise、Social entrepreneurs、University、Government and other stakeholders can also take this opportunity to establish a unified theoretical framework for social enterprises globally。Second，Higher education institutions can further develop social enterprise courses in its course system。Researchers can observe the operation of university social enterprise courses compared to the world's university social enterprise courses，To understand how social enterprises integrate into higher education institutions。third，Although the UK、China and India have used the two concepts of social value creation and social enterprises in public policy，But the relationship between social bet365 live casino games enterprises and social value creation still needs further research，This is a good direction of future research。

　　(Author Unit: Academy of Humanities and Health of Hudsfield University in the United Kingdom; School of Humanities and Social Sciences, the University of John Morz University, Liverpool;。Zhao Sanle/Translation)