December 20, 2019，U.S. President Trump signed the National Defense Authorization Act in the 2020s，Content contains sanctions on natural gas pipeline projects such as "Beixi -2" and "Turkish Stream"。The bill is determined，Beixi -No. 2 natural gas pipeline project is "tools for coercion and political influence"，It will weaken the relationship between the United States and Germany and Europe。Costing of the bill，After the 30 -day width period,，All companies and individuals participating in the construction and services of the pipeline will be canceled in the US visa，Financial assets in the United States will also be frozen。After announced the sanctions bill in the United States，Russia and Germany both expressed their refusal to accept the US sanctions on Beixi -2，and emphasize that although it is under pressure from the United States，Beixi -2 project will continue。At present, there are still 300 kilometers of pipelines in Beixi to 2.，US sanctions will be delayed but cannot stop the completion of the project。

Disputes encountered by projects No. 2，Reasons for economic benefits，There are geographical strategic factors，But the three wrestling of the US -Russian and European parties will continue for a long time，and will have a profound impact on the regional structure。

Because the Beixi-1 project in recent years is in a super load operation status，September 2015，Russian Natural Gas Industry Co., Ltd. announced that Bet365 lotto review it will form a joint construction of Beixi -2 project with five European energy companies。Beixi -2 is a natural gas pipeline from Russia via the Baltic sea to Germany，1230 kilometers in length，It can bypass Ukraine to send Russian natural gas to Germany，and transport to other European countries through the German trunk pipeline。Pipeline originally planned to be completed by the end of 2019，Putting ventilation in mid -2020。It is expected to transport 55 billion cubic meters of natural gas from Russia every year after completion。Beixi No.1 and Beixi -No. 2 natural gas pipeline，Can meet the needs of about 1/4 of the natural gas needs of EU countries。

It can be said，Beixi -2 is the United States、Russia and the EU represented by Germany，In geopolitics、Games in energy security and economic benefits，At the same time, it also reflects the different demands and considerations of all parties。

US sanctions Beixi -2 have dual considerations with geopolitics and commercial interests。Political aspect，excludes Russia's influence from Europe that Europe has always been an important strategic goal of the United States after the Cold War。From the perspective of the United States，Beixi -2 project will deepen European countries' dependence on Russian energy，At the same time, it will also damage the economic and strategic security of Ukraine。At present, Russia is the largest natural gas supply country in the European Union，More than 40 % of the natural gas imported from the European Union in 2018 comes from Russia。Beixi -2 Once completed，Natural gas transported to Germany may double。The United States does not want Russia to further penetrate Europe by virtue of natural gas pipelines，I don’t want Bet365 app download to see the strong cooperation of Russia and Europe。Russian -Europe cooperation will cause huge competitive pressure on the United States。Economy，The United States wants to compete for the European energy market。Due to hydropower fracture revolution，The United States will become the world's third largest liquefied natural gas exporter。The U.S. government firmly believes that this energy will play a decisive role in a significant reduction in the trade deficit of the United States in Germany in Germany。But the liquefied natural gas in the United States is 20%-30%more expensive than the Russian pipeline natural gas，No price advantage，Therefore, the biggest opponent of American shale gas -Russian pipeline natural gas is squeezed out of the European market through non -market means。

Energy is a pillar stone that supports the Russian economy。For Russia，Natural gas for European exports also has economic and geopolitical significance。Russia is the EU's largest natural gas supply country，And in recent years, the total export volume of the EU's natural gas has continued to increase。Current，Russia supply gas to Europe through multiple channels，Among them, the natural gas that passed the Ukrainian transit to Europe accounted for a large share。Due to the dispute with Ukraine，Russia has always hoped to reduce dependence on the transit transport country，Grasp the initiative on the exit of Ou Tianran。The reason why Russia has to build Beixi -2 pipes，First is to reduce the uncertainty brought by the Russian -Uwishid natural gas dispute，The second is to expand the supply of European energy，Increase foreign exchange income。Energy export is Russia's largest source Bet365 app download of foreign exchange income。Beixi -2 is put into operation，55 billion cubic meters of natural gas will be exported to Europe every year，The total amount of natural gas exported by the current Russia through Russia。The gas transmission volume of the two gas transmission pipes will replace the gas transmission volume currently through the pipelines in Ukraine，Save billions of dollars for transfer fees for Russia at the same time。Another，Russia wants to use natural gas to strengthen cooperation with European countries such as Germany，Then get more diplomatic benefits: on the one hand, highlighting your European country identity，On the other hand, playing European cards when playing with the United States。Facing West，Russia has always hoped to reflect the right to speak in Europe with an energy strategy，and seek a moderate dominance position。In this background，Beixi -2 project has important strategic significance for Russia。

Germany is the most enthusiastic promoter and main construction forces in the Beixi -2 project。Economic factors are the main power of Germany imported from Russia's natural gas。At present, Germany pays more and more attention to climate change，Continuously promoting energy structure adjustment。During the transformation of renewable energy in Germany in the next ten years，Natural gas will play an increasingly important role。At the same time，Germany's local natural gas reserves have reached a record low。2018 German natural gas output accounts for only 7%of the total domestic gas supply。and 10 years ago，This ratio is 15%。So，Low -priced and guaranteed Russian pipeline natural gas has become the first choice for Germany。Under the background of the Bet365 lotto review global economic downturn，It is difficult for Germany to abandon the national interests because of the ally -ally relationship.。Choosing lower energy energy helps Germany to reduce industrial production costs，Products can be more competitive in the international market。other，The completion and operation of the Pipeline of Beixi -2 will also make Germany the most important natural gas hub in Europe，Economic benefits of re -exporting natural gas to other European countries。This is the German power owner insisted on building Beixi -2 pipeline，and define it as the core of the "pure commercial project"。More，Behind economic interests will also bring a considerable degree of political interests to Germany。That is to further establish Germany's dominant discourse position within the European Union。So，Beixi -2 can not only solve Germany's energy dilemma，At the same time, the starting point of the Germans to open the dream of chasing a big country。

Beixi -2 opened a new chapter in the political competition of the United States and Russia and Europe，Open a new stage of Russian and European energy cooperation，It has a profound impact on the geopolitical structure。

First，Beixi -2 departs from Russia，Cross the Baltic Sea directly to Germany，Then from Germany to other European countries，Rather than seeing it as a trading product，It is better to be an integration of the energy level of the European continent，It is a project for energy integration in continental Europe。，December 2, 2019，The natural gas pipeline on the East Line of China and Russia officially opened gas supply。This pipeline is the longest -distance gas transmission pipeline，Known as the Sino -Russian Century bet365 Play online games Project。At that time，Russia will realize westward、Supply gas in the southeast direction，Become the Natural Gas Supply Center of the Asian Europe。Through China -Russia Pipeline and Russia and Europe Pipeline，Sino -Russian and Europe first formed an energy community，Asian European Energy Community hidden forming。This is exactly the most jealous of the United States。

2，As far as US -Europe relations are concerned，US sanctions can not change the pace of Russian and Europe cooperation，Beixi -2 has already entered a "wedge" in the United States and Europe relations，and sanctions may make the contradictions in Europe and the United States deeper。For Beixi -2，virtue will strive for their respective strategic interests to the greatest extent。But as an ally，cooperation needs of both parties on regional security and other issues are equally huge，The final fight without breaking、It is more likely to compromise with each other。

third，Beixi -2 deepened Russia and Europe's energy dependence，It will make political exchanges closer，Strategic interests will also blend more。However, under the new global energy pattern，The once -firm supply and demand relationship between Russia and Europe is also undergoing unprecedented challenges。Although Russia's position in the European energy market in the short term is difficult to shake，But in the long run，With the diversification of the European energy pattern，In addition to Europe by 2050, the energy route diagram of the development and utilization of new energy will be pursued，Europe to reduce Russia's energy dependence is inevitable。

Fourth，With Russia's influence in Europe and the US sanctions on Beixi -2，The geopolitical conflict between the United States bet365 Play online games and Russia in Europe and Europe will further intensify。On the one hand，Russia will increase the game; on the other hand，U.S. obstruction and suppression of the US European Energy Project will be long -term。

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