International norms are an important topic in the study of international relations。Interesting thing，Even within the same field、International norms with basically similar properties，The effect of communication is also significantly different。For example，Also belongs to the field of arms control，And they are all highly related to humanitarian disasters，The Mine Code is widely accepted and well followed，The acceptance of small arms norms is obviously much weaker。As for why this is so，Huang Chao, associate researcher at the Institute of World Economics, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, tries to pass the new book "Persuasion and the Communication bet365 mobile"，Answer this question that has both theoretical and practical significance。

The book believes that，The dissemination of any norms cannot be carried out in a vacuum of ideas，All are facing a "highly competitive" regulatory environment，Will inevitably face fierce competition with other norms and interest perceptions。In such an environment，The persuasion strategies used by norm advocates are an important factor leading to different effects of bet365 mobile norm diffusion。The author focuses on framing，Further subdividing normative persuasion strategies into framing、Three categories of contact and publicity。The framing strategy refers to the way in which normative advocates assign a certain meaning to an issue，Construct an appropriate cognitive framework to promote the new norm to be disseminated，Includes diagnostic framing、Specific means such as anticipatory framing。Contact strategy refers to framing the cognitive framework of the issue，Norm advocates refute rival norms to new norms，Actively construct new norms and existing ones in the bet365 mobile system、Relationships between widely accepted norms，Thus forming a broad resonance。The publicity strategy refers to after framing the issue and normative contact，The strategy of choosing a certain propaganda method to induce target actors to accept the norm。

On this basis，The author specifically proposed three research hypotheses，That is, “when an bet365 mobile norm is framed as a humanitarian issue，It will spread deeper”；“When an bet365 mobile norm establishes a link with existing supporting norms in the system，It will spread deeper”；“When an bet365 mobile norm adopts an emotive propaganda strategy，It will spread deeper”。Return to the example given at the beginning，Landmine regulations are framed as an urgent humanitarian issue due to avoiding national security sensitivities，Constructed links to bet365 mobile humanitarian law and the law of war，Adopted an effective publicity strategy to achieve widespread and in-depth communication。Looking at the Small Arms Norms，Small arms issues are mainly framed within the arms control framework，Less attention paid to the humanitarian consequences of small arms，Failed to establish valid links to other supporting specifications，Propaganda discourse is too professional，It is difficult to generate public emotional recognition，Leading to the gradual loss of motivation for the spread of norms。

In classic studies on the diffusion bet365 mobile，Finnimore thinks，“International organization education” is the dominant mechanism for the dissemination bet365 mobile at the system level，Chekel and others emphasize that unit-level factors such as "cultural match" and domestic political structure are the dominant factors affecting the spread bet365 mobile to a certain country，Acharya argued that "regional normative structural fit" affects the "localization" bet365 mobile。But they all have little ink on "why the effects of international norm dissemination in the same field are different"，Limited to power structure、Static interpretation of structural factors such as normative properties。Different from these studies，The book starts from the perspective of the diffusion process, especially the dynamic framework of normative competition，Focus on the negotiation process in the formation and development bet365 mobile，Especially drawing on framing theory in social movement research，Breaking the traditional perception of norms as stable structures，Focus on the various persuasive strategies used by norm advocates during the negotiation process，Revealing the specific practical mechanism of “strategic social construction”，further advances the current constructivist research on international norm diffusion。

At the same time，This book is also of great reference value for its detailed review of the bet365 mobile dissemination process of bet365 mobile landmine norms and small arms norms。For example，The author stated in the book，Over the past ten years，The normative research program of constructivism has changed。The traditional constructivist assumption that “the content and essence of norms remain unchanged” has been questioned，The "duality" and "dynamism" of norms are emphasized，i.e. norms are no longer seen as stable，But in a dynamic and changing state，Therefore, norms will have different meanings at different times and circumstances。Therefore，Changes in the specification itself，That is, the changes in norms have begun to become the focus of current norm research。

It’s a pity，The book does not frame the rules、To further explore how discourse strategies such as connection affect the development of normative content and essence。Although the book’s discussion of persuasion strategies is set against the backdrop of normative debates，But whether it is the theoretical framework or empirical analysis，To a large extent, it is still a "one-man show" for advocates of norms，Not paying enough attention to the differences in attitudes of different actors and the collisions between all parties in the development process of normative concepts，Ignores the agency of the recipient。Take the “responsibility to protect” as an example，It is difficult to explain the change between its early success and later failure，Also ignores the important differences between the "responsibility to protect" norm recognized by the United Nations and the version of the "bet365 mobile Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty"。Framed、Contact and publicity are not the exclusive property of one party，How to understand the process and results of this interactive competition，It will be an important direction that can be studied in depth in the future。The various strategies used by norm advocates are actually closely related to discourse，A more detailed discourse analysis may make the case of this book more accurate。

The subject of standardizing communication strategies，For a rising power like China that continues to integrate into the international community while emphasizing on adhering to its own characteristics，has special and important significance。How to face many norms、How to ensure that the dissemination bet365 mobile does not conflict with one’s own basic concepts and national interests，It is a major issue for China’s diplomatic work。What’s more important，The international system is undergoing a new round of profound changes and a struggle for the right to speak about international norms。China’s political and economic strength and improvement of international status，As well as the crisis of effectiveness and legitimacy of the existing international normative system in governance，Provides opportunities and space for China to play a greater role。World Trade Organization、The International Monetary Fund and others are facing restructuring and reform，China is actively promoting its ideas、Window of opportunity to shape international rules。Therefore，China must strengthen cooperation with developing countries，While actively responding to the spread bet365 mobile，Actively advocate and promote the dissemination of Chinese ideas and the innovation bet365 mobile。

Today，China is moving closer to the center of the world stage than ever before，Through new international concepts and initiatives such as "a community with a shared future for mankind", "new international relations", "global development initiative" and "global security initiative"，Gradually started the process of spreading standards to the outside world。For example，China’s poverty management plan formed in the process of understanding and solving poverty problems、Experience and system，It will provide reference for global poverty reduction governance。At the same time，The new issue area is also China’s participation in the spread bet365 mobile、An important direction to enhance the voice of the international system。In the ocean、Polar、Network、Outer space、Anti-corruption、Climate Change、In the field of new issues represented by public health，International norms are in a period of shaping，Many systems and norms are constantly being created、In the process of formulation。China must take active actions in these fields，Continuously innovate ideas，Promote the creation and dissemination of your own ideas in new issue areas。How to implement the country’s governance concepts and values ​​into international norms，And promote the spread of these norms，It is to promote China’s construction of national soft power、Important aspects to further enhance the institutional voice，It is also an important issue in major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics in the new era，Worth further discussion。Anyway，This book will help us further understand the dynamic mechanism and operating conditions of the spread bet365 mobile，It also helps to promote the academic community to further think about how to lead China、Providing intellectual support and program selection for shaping international norms and systems，At the same time, he has made certain contributions to the exploration of theoretical innovation in international relations and the construction of independent knowledge systems。

　　(This article is a phased result of the National Social Science Fund Key Project "Research on Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind and New bet365 mobile Relations from the Perspective of bet365 mobile Order" (21AZD093)

(Author’s affiliation: School of bet365 mobile Relations and Public Affairs, Fudan University)