The evolution of international relations in various regions of the world has strong local characteristics，Formed its own unique concept of regional order。Therefore，Existing international relations research should pay attention to the uniqueness of each region and country，Focus on the impact of this uniqueness on international relations within and outside the region。Bet365 app download due to its special geographical location，Located at the intersection of multiple civilizations，Influenced by different cultures since ancient times，Formed unique historical and cultural characteristics，Then forming its own unique strategic culture。These strategic cultures not only affect the development of ancient history in Bet365 app download，It also affects the evolution of contemporary international relations in Bet365 app download，Formed a unique development trajectory of international relations in Bet365 app download。Affected by the geographical environment of Bet365 app download、“Mandala Thought” formed by the influence of Buddhist culture and Indian culture，Has a very important impact on countries and societies in Bet365 app download。The influence of "Mandala Thought" in ancient Bet365 app download formed the "Mandala System" with Southeast Asian native characteristics。In contemporary times，The "Mandala System" has long since died，However, the strategic culture composed of "Mandala Thought" still has a certain impact on international relations in Bet365 app download，It is also an important manifestation of the uniqueness of international relations in Bet365 app download。

　"Mandala Thought" in Bet365 app download

Explanation from a religious perspective，“Mandala” is a model of the universe with a fixed symbolic pattern，Mainly symbolic graphics used by Hindu Tantra and Buddhist Tantra in religious ceremonies and meditation practice。“Mandala” represents the harmony of the universe，It is a model of national governance，This pattern is also a system of concentric circles composed of a center and an edge。Ancient Bet365 app download was influenced by Indian civilization，All countries have a certain "mandala" hierarchical management model。The ancient Southeast Asian countries were influenced by Indian civilization，At the same time, it is influenced by the local culture of various countries。Therefore，The performance of "Mandala" varies in different countries，Has a profound impact on the interaction between countries，Thus forming the “Mandala System” of international relations in ancient Bet365 app download，And thus formed a system with royal power as the core、The center-periphery international system under the nature of local power and tribute。

Although after being invaded by Western colonists in modern times，The "Mandala System" in Bet365 app download was replaced by the world colonial system，But the influence of "Mandala Thought" still exists。In the context of changes in geopolitics and major power interests after the Cold War，The strategic status of Bet365 app download has increased，With neighboring countries、The surrounding area has generated more comprehensive interaction。Although in international relations in modern Bet365 app download，The tribute system and the "mandala system" no longer exist，But the strategic culture in Bet365 app download is affected by this concept of world order，Building in the modern nation-state、Regional Security Order、Construction of regionalism、Cultural values ​​and other aspects deeply reflect the idea of ​​"Mandala"。

Different scholars have explored different areas of "Mandala"，The conclusions drawn are also different，However, we can still see some commonalities about "Mandala Thought" from these studies，That is, "Mandala Thought" is expressed in the form of concentric circles，Consists of center and edges。Whether it is analyzed from the perspective of domestic politics or Bet365 app download，The center plays a decisive role in a "mandala"，Therefore changes in the center will also lead to changes in the entire "mandala"，The edges will also change as a result。At the same time，The edge range will also change in different periods and spaces。

　　The evolution of international relations in modern Bet365 app download

The evolution of international relations in Bet365 app download is influenced by the ancient "Mandala Thought"，Compare this idea with the construction of modern Southeast Asian countries and the attitude of focusing on national sovereignty，There are some coincidences。Due to the rise of nationalism at the beginning of the establishment of modern Southeast Asian nation-states，We all want to build “me”-centered international relations，Development to date，Southeast Asian countries’ emphasis on sovereignty constitutes one of the important norms of the “ASEAN Way”—the principle of non-interference in internal affairs。Different from the ancient "Mandala system"，There is no such thing as tribute in modern international relations、God King Politics and other rules、Specification，But it is still power-centered。This kind of power is reflected in the international relations in Bet365 app download，The evolution of international relations in modern Bet365 app download is mainly guided by national sovereignty.，And then spread to the surrounding areas，Formed a cognitive form that regards Bet365 app download as "I"，Promote the operation of international relations between Bet365 app download and surrounding regions。

After World War II to the late 1960s，The evolution of international relations in Bet365 app download is full of struggle。This history shows the construction of the concept of sovereignty in "Mandala Thought"，That is, the interaction between the sub-periphery and the periphery brought about by the core of nation-state construction，This is also the self-centered construction of regional international relations by nation-states in Bet365 app download。The construction and maintenance of this kind of nation-state lasted until the 1990s before it was basically completed，But this process occupies the main stage in the history of international relations from the post-World War II period to the mid-1970s。During this period，Several major countries in Bet365 app download have roughly completed the construction of nation-states，Especially the creation of ASEAN，Signs a change in the core of Bet365 app download’s “mandala” international relations，The entire structure will enter the next stage of evolution。The evolution of international relations in Bet365 app download from the late 1960s to the late 1990s，Basically a concentric circle structure with the core of safeguarding national sovereignty and political and economic development，The half edge and edge have also changed with this core。The creation of ASEAN and the exploration of regional order，And interaction with neighboring regional countries，The remaining two parts that make up the structure of this stage。

The evolution of international relations in Bet365 app download has changed with a series of changes brought about by the Asian financial crisis in 1997，The essence is the change in the core of "Mandala"。This core has evolved from the maintenance of national sovereignty to the development of national sovereignty and region，In turn, it causes changes in sub-edges and edges。After entering the 21st century，International relations in Bet365 app download still revolve around independence，This is not only a continuation of the development of history and culture and the construction of a nation-state，It is also an extension and development of the modern concept of sovereignty，That is, from the initial construction of the nation to the development of the concept of sovereignty in the 21st century。With this core change，The sub-peripheral and peripheral scope in the evolving structure of international relations in Bet365 app download，Also initially seeking stability within and surrounding Bet365 app download，The evolution of the ASEAN community to today/the construction of ASEAN’s central position and the promotion of the “ASEAN way”，Constitutes the basic form of the evolution of international relations in Bet365 app download。

　　Discussion on the localization Bet365 app download theory

The evolution of international relations in Bet365 app download after World War II，Basically centered around the construction and maintenance of sovereignty、Changes due to the integration of the internal structure of regional politics and the promotion of regional external norms。Among them，The evolution of the center is the most critical element in the evolution of international relations in Bet365 app download，The changes of sub-edge and edge evolve according to the evolution of the center。The development of the concept of modern sovereign states and the integration of sovereign states with local historical and cultural experiences，Constitutes the unique recognition of sovereign states in Bet365 app download，This has brought about interactions between countries in this region and with countries outside the region，And formed the evolution of international relations with strong localization in Bet365 app download。

Currently，Mainstream international relations theories are basically Western-centered or biased towards Western-centeredness，This is caused by historical objective facts，At the same time, this theoretical perspective is biased against existing theoretical research。As Amita Acharya and Barry Buzan discuss global international relations，“International relations can only broaden its own historical perspective，Only one can correctly understand this rapidly unfolding relationship between culture and modernity、Global complex，and theorize about it”。Research on history、Cultural path and other localization perspectives，Integrating the history and culture of regional countries into theoretical research，Opening up non-Western theoretical paths for regional and country studies in Bet365 app download，It also provides diverse research dimensions for interpreting the evolution of international relations in the non-Western world。

　(This article is a phased result Bet365 app download Youth Project Bet365 app download National Social Science Fund "Research on the Impact and Policy of 'Niche Diplomacy' of Neighboring Small and Medium-sized Countries on my country's Diplomatic Environment" (21CGJ003))

(The author is a researcher Bet365 app download Pakistan Institute of Anhui Normal University)