Class concept is eliminated in the times、Removal and Lishes，Regardless of political science、Sociology，Even the field of philosophy has already replaced the "class" concept with the concept of "class"。Class concept is so marginalized，Perhaps due to the breeding of the consciousness of materialization of modern society，But it can only be referred to as economic wealth、Experience existence of the difference in social status difference，This is the biggest misunderstanding of Marx's class concept。To get rid of the class of class，Full、Dialectic and scientific grasp of the Marx Class concept，It still needs to return to Marx's early classic text，Detailed survey its narrative method for class concepts、Question orientation and logic enter the way，It is ahead to lay the foundation for grasping the concept of Marx Class。"Introduction to the Critical Criticism of Hegel French" (hereinafter referred to as the "Introduction") this classic text，Is a milestone work of Marx's transformation from idealistic philosophy to materialism philosophy。The concept of proletariat first appearance in the "Introduction，It marks that Marx completed the borrowing of class concepts、Intellectual understanding to the reality of class concept，Then the evolution of the Marx class theory、Development depicts the basic outline。Although Marx used the concept of bet365 best casino games the proletariat and the working class in the later period and showed deeper、Anxual explanation，But its philosophical regulations and overall logic have long been founded in the text of Marx's "Introduction"。

One，The text logic of the Marx class concept。According to the words of Marx's early works in the 2nd edition of "Complete Works of Marx and Engels"，The Marx Class Concept appeared in the article "Comment on the Recent Book and News Inspection Order" written in early February 1842: "For example，Inspection order is prohibited from the author's thoughts of others or the entire class。But at the same time it allows book newspapers to divide all citizens into two suspicious and unquestionable two，Two Bet365 app download types of goodwill and malicious。Press and publishing is deprived of the right to criticize，But criticism has become the daily responsibility of government critics "，and "Class" appears 7 times in the full text。Subsequent，Class concepts appeared in the "Debate of the Sixth Rhine Provincial Council (first paper)"; 11 times in the debate of theft law; 1 occasion in "Communist and Ogsburg (General Report)"; only 1 time in "The Critical Critical Critical Critical" of Hegelfa，and 41 times in the "Introduction to the Criticism of Hegel France"，Among them, the concept of "proletariat" has reached as many as 13 times。Based on the above word statistics，Introduction is a frequency inflection point for class concepts，Compared with the texts written before, there are different features: first，Number of class concepts in the "Introduction"、The frequency increases significantly，It means that Marx's class narrative proportion in the "Introduction" is significantly increased; second，Introduction to the "proletariat" for the first time，and place it at the end of the text as the core vocabulary of the full text conclusion; third，In all the texts before the introduction，Marx's expression of class，Either expressed separately，Either uses related words (such as "bureaucratic", "poverty", etc.，and present a certain () semantic logic law。For example，Two "distress doubts" with material interests as the time limit，Class concepts in the previous text expression mainly refer to the "bureaucratic class" as the "bureaucratic class" as the feudal rule，Class concepts in the later text expression are often associated with "poverty"，It mainly refers to the economic disadvantaged groups in modern society，This has already grasped the proletariat at the experience level，Lay the foundation for the philosophical steering and logical deduction of Marx in the introduction。

Its two，Practical logic of the Marx class concept。pragmatic，Can't just use the frequency of words and its conceptual identification object to survey the logic of the appearance of Marx's class concept，Because of the fundamental motivation of its appearance comes from the practical purpose of the Marx text narrative。In the era of Marx's writing Bet365 app download "Introduction"，thinkers have been for pursuing human freedom、Realizing social equality and promoting civilization progress。Marx is no exception，He actively participates in social practice，Face the real problem of human liberation，Think about how to liberate from the historical dilemma of the time and realize people's equality、freedom and liberation。1841，After Marx gets a doctorate degree in philosophy from completing his studies，Began to be widely exposed to social reality，Actively participate in political discussion with the theorist's attitude。During the "Rhine" period，Marx's political practice is mainly to use modern political theory to expand political events、Theoretical criticism of social events。Look at a series of political articles published by Marx on the Rhein News，can be found，Facing the backward status of German society，How to lack the political revolution、Germany of the Industrial Revolution completed the modern social revolution，Realize the true liberation of people，is the fundamental purpose of Marx's political practice。To achieve this goal，Marx's philosophical logic of Ferbaha humanism、Methodist guidance Theoretical criticism of Hegel French philosophy or national philosophy，The real answer to finding real questions。Times in Marx，Germany under the traditional Christianity still sinks in privileges、In the autocratic traditional political system，Marx attempts to criticize religion、Political criticism to crack the problems of German modernization from ideology and the dilemma of human liberation。Therefore，Marx first requires completion of criticism of Christian countries，Make it in line with the rational regulations of modern countries。But，In subsequent political practice，Hegel's rationalism state view has not been realized by reality，Make Marx has to face the material interest problem of "doubts of distress": reality is difficult to be stipulated by rationality，A large number of practical problems cannot be solved in the rationalist national system。This question was originally presented in the first social editorial published by Marx, namely the "Sixth Rhein Provincial Council's Debate (First Thesis)bet365 Play online games " middle。and in the "Sixth Rhine Provincial Council (the third paper)" ("Debate on the Forest theft Law")，This problem was directly explained by Marx。Here，Marx see how the forest owner uses the legislature and other countries to serve its own private interests，How the country is reduced to a private property and is full of "hypocrisy"。Therefore，Marx cannot find the answer to cracking real problems from the national system or the philosophy of Hegel French。So，March 1843，Marx officially withdrawn from the Rhein News，and the critical analysis of the philosophy of Hegelfa in the same month，Try to break through from the Hegel French philosophical paradigm，Looking for a realistic power to answer his "distress question"，This is the practical logic of the concept of the "Introduction" class concept。

Three，Theoretical logic of Marx Class Concepts。Despite actual problems -oriented，But Marx did not have an empirical description and formalization of real problems，but on the basis of the theoretical existing theory of Hegel's philosophy，Logically refine these real problems、Theoretical conversion，Then develop a deeper essential essential review。Therefore，In order to grasp the essence of the appearance of the proletarian concept and logic of the appearance，It must be "restored" to Marx's theoretical logic of the foundation at this time。Hegel's philosophy deeply reveals the inherent dilemma of modern civic society, that is, "Civil society is the battlefield for personal private interests，It is a battlefield that everyone opposes all people "，is the particularity expansion of the civil society，It will inevitably lead to the collapse of the public society itself。Dan Dan Hegel provided by Hegel，It is tolerant of the country as the highest ethical entity、Education and standardize the particularity of civic society，Then realize people's true freedom。In essence，Hegel diagnosed the internal contradiction of modernity is the tension between the universality of the political country and the special nature of the civic and the social characteristics of the civic，and Hegel tried to achieve their unity through the "national system"，Overcoming the contradiction between the two，This is the theoretical bet365 best casino games connotation of Hegel's "National Decision of the Citizens"。According to Hegel's logic, enter the road，The realization of specific freedom or the solution of the above contradictions must be hoped to be by the monarch (monarch's sovereignty)、Political systems constructed by the hierarchical elements (legislative power) of bureaucracy (administrative power) and civic society。Marx analyzed the "falseity" of the "monarch", "bureaucratic" and "civic social level elements" set by Hegel in reality through "Hegel French Critical Criticism".，Then it once advocated the dilemma of Hegel's "national system" through "real democratic system"。You can see，Marx at this time is still a "bourgeois for radical"，Interested in eliminating the monarchy and level of agency，Practice the general selection system，Come to overcome the contradictions between political countries and civic society。But to the "Introduction" period，The appearance of the concept of proletariat marks the goal steering of Marx to achieve communism、Methodism of materialism。In the Introduction，Marx no longer hopes to realize people's political liberation in the political category，but facing a reality，Turn to the civil society to seek a way to crack，Then realize human liberation rather than political liberation。Based on this theoretical logic steering，Marx's opening in the Introduction，Criticism of religion has ended，From political criticism to reality criticism，Transfer to the civil society。Dana's theoretical steering，It is not completely abandoned Hegel's philosophy, especially Hegel Dialectics，Just the opposite，Hegel's philosophy constitutes the starting point of Marx's thought development。In other words，Marx transformation、Developed Hegel philosophy，And with the transformed dialectics, analyzing the internal structure of the civil society -material interest relationship。Marx grasps the internal contradictions or confrontation of the civic society in theoretical logic，That is the contradiction between bet365 best casino games the proletariat and the bourgeoisie，Then the separation or contradiction between Hegel's political country and the civic society into confrontation or contradictions between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie。Therefore，The concept of the proletariat in the "Introduction" appeared，Both Marx's theoretical grasp of historical practice，It is also the historical consciousness of theoretical logic。

The academic community is generally considered，The Marx during the "Introduction" has not really mastered the theory of political economics，Its historical view of materialism has not yet been formed。Marx only describes the concept of the proletariat from the philosophical level，It is easy to make researchers see the "philosophical regulations" of this dimension as Marx's immature thoughts。In fact，This greatly ignores the logic of the Marx's class concept and its theoretical base shaft in the theoretical evolution of the entire Marx ideas。Marx's philosophical regulations on the concept of proletariat at this time and the logic of thinking，Fresh through Marx's subsequent thought journey，Class concept became "the essence of Marx philosophy"。If Marx's basic regulations on class in the "Introduction，In the later Marx's proletariat concept will lose its overall logic characteristics，thus the empiricalization of the Marx class concept、Experience，and fall into the mortar of materialization consciousness defered by Lucari。Logic narrative based on the above -mentioned concept of Marx Class，We should experience more deeply，Class concept is by no means only pointing to the ownership of economic poverty or production materials in the general sense，Instead, the "class" existence or real freedom of people directly related to people。The appearance of Marx's proletarian concept，On the one hand, we must reveal the universal loss of people in modern society，On the other hand, we must find the historical power of realizing the universal liberation of human beings from this modern historical situation。If you just understand from the poverty of the economic results、Grasp Marx's class concept，Then it is impossible to explain the discussion of Marx in the "Communist Manifesto" about the rogue proletariat，It is also impossible to understand the phenomenon。The philosophical regulations on the concept of class in the "Introduction" also laid the overall framework for the appearance of the concept of the bet365 Play online games later Marxist "working class"。If not for this，The working class as a link in the production structure of modern society，It is easily embedded in the total logic of capital，Simply pursue your own economic purposes and lose the historical consciousness of self -liberation.。In short，According to the narrative of class concepts in the "Introduction"，We can make the following initial summary and basic understanding of the Marx concept。First，The proletariat is the product of history，It is an artificial product，Is industrialization、Modern product，The real proletariat only exists in modern capitalist society; second，The "class existence" pointed by the class to people，The emergence of the proletariat is a sign of the loss of people，Therefore, the proletariat is by no means just an intuitive worker、Poor; Third，The proletariat is a special class，Self -denial、transcendence，The proletariat is not just to eliminate the bourgeoisie，It is also necessary to achieve the demise of the bourgeoisie，This is a historical quality that any other class does not have。

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(The author is a lecturer at the Marxist College of Hunan Institute of Engineering; Associate Professor of Hunan Institute of Engineering)