With the rise of the research of Marxist political philosophy，The political criticism of the youth Marx once again became the focus of attention。Because "Hegel French Critical Criticism" is a text that is directly targeted at Hegel national philosophy，The relationship between Hegel and Marx on several political philosophy issues，Naturally, it becomes the focus of attention。but，Studies in domestic or foreign research，Often pays attention to issues of political philosophy directly，Therefore, related research is promoted well at the research level of practical philosophy。In terms of theoretical philosophy research，Especially about the philosophical position of Marx's philosophy during the "German Yearbook" period，Philosophy of contemporary practice philosophy basically defaults to traditional views，It is generally believed that the young Marx was influenced by Ferbaha to the philosophical materialism，But this philosophical position，Facitive Marx is far from the turning of the social and political field.。This article thinks，Can't deeply understand the philosophical position of "The Critical Critical Criticism of Hegel French"，Not only let the young Marx criticize the philosophy of Hegel French，is the separation of political criticism and metaphysics; more importantly,，Ignore the connotation of philosophy materialism，It will also weaken the materialism of historical materialism，The explanation of the contemporary Marxist philosophy explanation of the contemporary Marxist philosophy slides towards objective idealism。

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Bet365 app download For Marx's philosophical position from 1842-1843，The academic world basically maintains the consensus on the point of view。As politically shifted to radical democracy and communism，Marx and some young Hegel members began to accept philosophical materialism in philosophy。This kind of philosophy materialism comes from Falbaha people to learn materialism，The reason why it highlights "people learning"，Of course, because Ferbaha highly emphasizes the actual existence of perceptual people。but，Ferbaha himself does not take himself with "human -oriented learning"，In the introduction of "Principles of Future Philosophy"，He believes that the real philosophy is "future philosophy"，A philosophical form that no longer uses the old shape and school language。"Principles of Future Philosophy" is not "future philosophy"，It is just aimed at "absolute philosophy" -the philosophical philosophy represented by Hegel philosophy，At most is the general program of philosophical anthropology，I still can't talk about it is a new philosophy。So，Human Materialism has summarized Ferbaha's philosophical position in one -sidedly，It is not exactly equal to the position of the philosophical materialism that is deeply affected by the youth Marx。

After the famous division of Alduse in "Defending Marx"，Holders in philosophical materialism have become extremely unpleasant things。Most scholars have seized the criticism of the young Marx in 1844 to criticize the philosophy of Ferbaha，It has emphasized that people's physical materialism is the very short -term immature stage of young Marx。Guangsong involved even thinks，Marx just expressed strong resonance to Ferbaha，and maintain a certain distance from the beginning。Although similar judgments are just about Marx's ideological Bet365 lotto review development process，But the dislike of materialism philosophy has leaped on the paper。With these judgments,，Many scholars will think，Whether it is "self -consciousness" philosophical period，Still Marx in the period of philosophical materialism，Due to failure to obtain corresponding knowledge and inspiration from the field of political economy，Therefore, none of the facts start to open the essence of historical materialism。So，Understand 1842-1843 Marx philosophy，Should pay attention to Marx’s interest in social history，Those political history reading notebooks that involve property content involved in the content of property，Speaking，"Hegel French Critical Criticism" and "On Jewish Issues" have a strong concern for civic social issues，It is nothing more than a preparation material for the first attempt to criticize the first attempt to criticize the political economy in 1844。

These studies helped us focus on Marx's problem domain，But the steering of the problem domain does not mean that you can easily pass the philosophical position。This means，Analysis of the Basic Basic Basic Marx of Marx，Never mean that with the emergence of political economy, weakening，On the contrary, it is more meaningful，If the background of the young Marx on the fundamental position of the philosophy quietly changes，So no matter the research of political philosophy or criticism of political economy，All will have the theoretical position in the theoretical position。Based on this，The philosophical materialism of "Hegel French Criticism" is to be further clarified。

　　The deep meaning of "Treatment of the Time"

Whether it is Ferbaha's "Temporary Outline of Philosophy"，Still Marx's "Critical Critical Criticism in Hegel France"，The most impressive philosophical method is "Treatment"。bet365 Play online games On the surface，Hergel's logic is let the concept as subject，Real things as objects，Absolute idealism is to dominate the concept。"The predicate is upside down" just adjusts the position of the subject and words，Ferbaha reversed divinity into human nature，Marx reversed the country as a public society。It is said that，This is the so -called philosophical materialism，It directly obtains its own philosophical form with directly reversing absolute idealism。

Based on this understanding，Scholars quickly pointed out the philosophical limitations of "the predicate upside down"，It uses simple logic changes，Can't really get rid of the metaphysical foundation established by the idealism，It is still the form of the internal form of the old philosophy，Can't talk about the fundamental transcendence of old philosophy。These judgments are self -round，But they literally understand "the predicate upside down"，So I haven't been able to cut it yet。

Ferbaha has early pointed out the reversal of the philosophy in the field of philosophy，Still equivalent to the reversal of religious reforms in the field of religion。What he tried to indicate was，Determine the rational basis of religion，Nothing to make philosophy a religion。Marx see this accurately，and refer to it as the philosophical achievement of Ferbaha: "Prove that philosophy is just a religion that has become thought and clarifies through thinking，It's just another form and existence of human nature alienation，Therefore，Philosophy should also be condemned。"This means，The words simply inside the mind are upside down，Can't surpass the inherent nature of self -production，So as to the real real world。

Similarly，"Hegel French Critical Criticism" first criticized Hegel French philosophy as "logic、The mysteriousism of Pan God Theory "is aimed at Section bet365 live casino games 262 of the Principles of Law Philosophy。Marx pointed out，Although Hegel claims to use "realistic concept" as the subject，In fact, it is based on "Inner Imagination of Concept" as the subject。We know，Perspective based on materialism -based philosophy，​​Real things correspond to the real concept of reality。But Hegel does not use the real concept of reality as the subject，Instead of using "imagination concept"，Obviously upside down the latter's position cannot get the actual truth。At this time，We should know，The so -called "main predicate upside down" is nothing more than determining the only philosophical starting point，That is realistic realistic things。For Ferbaha，This refers to the perceptual person; for Marx in the period of "The Critical Criticism of Hegelfa"，This refers to the individual in civic society。Even if they are different，But they are all determined the main body of reality in the "external" of speculative philosophy，and jump to the "external" of philosophy for thinking，is the main point of "the predicate upside down"。

　　The main body of realityPhilosophy of abandoning limited objects

As Karl Lobit said，Letting philosophy a cause of truly belonging to people，It can be regarded as the biggest common point of the young Marx and Ferbaha。But what are the prescribed people who are the subject of reality? "The Critical Critical Criticism of Hegelfa" is based on the individual of the civic society as the main body of reality，It has distinguished from the dimension of "perceptual personal"。

Marx's positive explanation of the "main body of reality" mainly occurs in the criticism of the legislative power。The core content of this part is to determine the separation of the separation of the social and political state，The duality of a single person，is the separation and opposition of personal bet365 best casino games individuals as personal and individuals citizens。Facing the dual division of individuals，Marx determines the "main body of reality" as private，instead of citizen，In fact, it depends on his judgment of the content of political state stipulated by the public。Since the public society is the real content of a political country，Political State is a civic society pretended to be，Natural "citizen" is also private camouflage。"Citizen" is like Hegel's "imagination concept"，Just the ideological self -argument and self -production of ideology。

but，"The Critical Critical Critical Criticism" also jumped out of the simple and intuitive position of the public society。Marx is not satisfied with civic society and its personal，This kind of facts based on the direct reality built by the civil society，Only based on the limited nature of limited objects，Still "rough materialism"。This "rough materialism" covers the dialectics of the civic society itself，can only obey the external prescribed external prescribed in the civic society，The freedom obtained from the self -regulations will become out of reach。Therefore，"The main body of reality" after negating Hegel’s political country，Return to the starting point of Hegel to criticize Smith and other national economics，It requires Marx to connect Hegel's critical problem，But to give a response solution different from Hegel。

So，In the paragraph of the self -discarded paragraph involved in the civic society，Marx also emphasized the infinite dimensions of limited things，That is, only the public society has abandoned its own content，Civil society can get infinite content in its limited。In other words，Limited objects are not only based on themselves，And to self -deny the specified relationship of your own actual deposit，bet365 best casino games so as to abandon yourself，Implement infinitely from your own limited，Thus realizing social freedom。In this sense，"Hegel French Critical Criticism" is philosophical materialism，That is to say，It affirmed that the movement of real things is the only theme of philosophy，Dialectical movements of realistic things in social and historical dimensions will always require philosophical materialism self -innovation。

　(This article is the National Social Science Fund major project "Research&ZD012) Staged results)

(Author is an associate professor at the School of Philosophy of Fudan University)