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"Yes" and "No"

July 10, 2020 05:45 Source: "Journal of Social Sciences", July 10, 2020, 1964 Author: Guo Jimin

　　In classical logic (that is, formal logic)，The name of things has strict definition，"Yes" is，"No" is not。For example，We acknowledge "water is water"，Do not say that "water is not water" at the same time; if there is a state of "yes" and "not"，Then it will violate the "contradiction law"，Then cause the confusion of cognitive。

　　But，Not all fields strictly follow formal logic，Instead, follow "different logic"，so as to make the relationship between "right and not" become subtle and faint mystery。

　　In the field of ethics，There is a sliding rotation of "yes" and "not"。One person advertises himself as a good person，Then it has caused people's doubts: "Is this person a good person?" Because the experience tells people，Good people never advertise themselves。Turn in turn，One does not show off、People who are not advertised may really be a good person。

　　For example，Confucius, who was called "sage" by later generations, never dared to call himself a saint，"Yan Zhi and Holy，How dare I dare "，However, this kind of non -standard list exactly indicates that Confucius has the quality of saints。The reason is，Humidity is a basic content of sanctification，Violation of it，The sage will lose the qualification of the sage，"Yes" to switch bet365 best casino games to "No"。Therefore，When Confucius follows the principle of "no"，He just coincides with "yes" (ethics) standard。The founder of Taoist Taoist Lao Tzu said "Shangdebi，Is with virtue "，Break the reason for a word，Wisdom!

　　In terms of knowledge，too。When a person thinks he is "the first in the world"，Its cognition is basically limited by "self" and it is difficult to expand。Converse，The more a person admits its deficiencies，The more likely it is, the "yes"。Ancient Greek period，Many wise men claim that they are the most learned and wise people in Athens，However, the "God" declares，Socrates is the most intelligent person in Athens。Socrates Permanent，Go to the temple to verify。God told Socrates: "You are the most intelligent person，It is that you have one more knowledge than others。This knowledge is ‘self -knowledge’。"Socrates because of" self -ignorance "，Instead, becoming the most intelligent person。

　　This saying，His "not" achieved his "yes"。The root is two，The other lies in the prerequisite for "virtual" (humble) to accept and pursue knowledge。It's like a container，Only dissatisfaction，can continue to accept new knowledge，"Accompaniment" means closed，It rejects the entry of new knowledge，Of course it is difficult to improve and surpass。The second is that the law of human cognition is indeed true。The more people know the outside world，The more unknown bet365 Play online games areas he contacted。Chino expresses this meaning in a circle with two circles: the knowledge of the representative of the large circle，But the more unknown areas touched by the edges，Small circles are reversed。Visible，In terms of pursuit of knowledge，The relationship between "yes" and "not" can be converted。

　　In the field of Buddhism，The relationship between "yes" and "not" becomes subtle and faint mysteries。The relationship between "yes" and "not" in the field of Buddhism，Nothing to be morally humble，It is not "uncomfortable"，Instead, it is specified by the special meaning of the Dharma。The main purpose of the Dharma is "empty"，This "empty" is not "yes"，Nor "not"。If it is determined by formal logic，Obviously violated "Law Law"。As for some Zen masters who do not have a marginal dialogue, "jump out of logic，Not in rational "。

　　For example，Someone asked Zhaozhou Zen Master: "What is the significance of Dharma's ancestor west?" Zhaozhou replied: "。""，There is a monk asking the good priced Zen master: "What is Buddhist nature?"，Candidate: "March three pounds。"" Such dialogue，It will cause people to fall into the cloud fog。But，This seemingly inconsistent answer is not only meaningful，and good wisdom。The root cause lies in，The purpose of the Dharma is to hold it，lies in "empty" all。Regardless of the answer of "yes" or "not"，The possibilities of the trap of the "persistence" of "persistence"，thus violated bet365 live casino games the mystery of "Prajna Empty"。Light this，If you know the answer of the Zen Master, it seems that you are not marginal，The real organic front is!

　　The paradox of the Buddhist house is，They still take the same negation on the question of "right and not"、At the same timeA certain attitude，Let's take "the Dharma is empty" as an example。From the position of Buddhism, the Dharma is a question and answer that the Dharma is (yes) or not (no)，All violate the principle of "empty": say that the Dharma is "there is no" inadequate; blindly adhere to the Dharma as "empty" (none)，It also makes mistakes。There are two reasons: one，Staying in "empty" is also a kind of attachment，violates the principle of "empty";，If you stay in the air, you will fall into the so -called "stubborn"，If you enter "Stubborn"，Dharma cannot appear，What are the world's cultivation? It seems，Dharma If the loach in deep water，Non -logic can catch it。

　　The reason for the "right or not" is clearly stated.。"Taoist Tao，Very Tao "expression，Classic expression of "‘ yes' and ‘not’ ”。The reason is，Tao is a "whole"，"Tao"，It's just the shadow of the Tao or Tao -this is just like the relationship between "finger" and "month" in Buddhism。NoTalking back，Although the word is not the body，But Taoism gave Taoism follow the "anti -person，Dao's Motivation "operates，Therefore, the problem of "no" and "yes" slide problem。

　　The attitude of Taoism is: there is a "yes" when it happens，You must consider from the perspective of "not"; there is a "not" that happened，You have to study from the state of "yes"。Stagging in "Yes" or "No" is stupid，Because "yes" and "not" move in the opposite direction of each other。In view of this，Lao Tzu gives a "don't see yourself，So Ming;，Hosty;，Therefore, I have merit;，So long "," do not do nothing but do nothing "and other wise words，can be described as "anti -person，Dao's Movement "principle of the specific application of the life。

　　The above -mentioned "yes" and "not" sliding rotation，Obviously not static form logic，It should be positioned as dynamic dialectical logic，is "Dialectics of Living"。The reason for positioning it as dialectical logic is，It highlights the movement of "concept itself"。means，Each concept (such as "yes") is at the same time as it is affirmed，Also connect with the concept of negative (such as "not") at the same time，Therefore, the boundary and negation are not clearly distinguished、If you don't move，Instead of regulating each other、penetration of each other。The result of this dialectical movement eventually caused "yes" and "not" to slip -the whole world is also linked to a whole。Hegel in "Little Logic"，Analysis of this dialectical movement is exquisite and clear，Geless。

　　But，If you consider the nature of the Buddha、bet365 best casino games Tao and other concepts of concepts，Not a "dialectics" can be included。In terms of Buddhism "Prajna (Zhi)"，It does not have the dialectics of Hegel's sense，Instead, it has the characteristics of "integration and elimination" summarized by Mu Zongsan: "It uses the elimination of melting ... melting is melting，Tong is Tongda，Rongtong does not mean unification，Instead, it is necessary to get rid of dedication、sealed limitation，So is a negative attitude。"" "negative" attitude，Because the purpose of Dharma is not to establish，and it is broken，Break people's partial attachment，Break the obstacle、troubles, etc.，Bodhi，It is the elimination of Rongtong。Mu Zongsan also tasted the use of "non -separately" treatment，It is worth referring to，It is worth referring to。

　　Actually，Except Prajna (Zhi)，There are also some "unique ways of thinking" in the East that hidden in the hidden existence。For example, in the Book of Changes，The bypass between the hexagrams、Sensor、Method of Huitong，and the induction method of "silence without being dynamic";，etc.，Non -logical can be included。This saying，In a deeper level of thinking，Both formal logic and dialectical logic are incomparable，It shows that the logic has its limits，Never everything。

　　Today's logic has developed to mathematical logic，More and more accurate and rigorous，Naturally, bet365 best casino games learn to use it well，At the same time, you must not filter out the "super logic" Oriental unique wisdom (aesthetics、problems in the field of ethics are not logical)，It is necessary to avoid blindly expanding the logic site，and fall into the "logicism" 窠。

Editor in charge: Changchang