Anning bet365 sign up offer Survey and Lizhou Site

　1975，The Ancient History Department of Sichuan Provincial Museum cooperates with the internship of students in the archeology class of Sichuan University，Co-organized an archaeological survey bet365 sign up offer Anning River Basin，Sichuan University by Lin Xiang、Tong Enzheng、Teacher Song Zhimin leads the team，All students from the 73-level archeology class participated，The Provincial Museum is Liu Panshi、Fan Guijie and I are participating，Relevant personnel from Xichang and other cities and counties also participated in the investigation。

After a few days of teaching，We organized into groups to conduct archaeological surveys of counties in the Anning River Basin，Many ruins and relics were discovered，Including the ancient city of Xichang in Han and Tang Dynasties、Big Stone Tomb Han Tomb，Copper smelting sites, etc.，Laid the foundation for future archaeological work in Liangshan Prefecture。Subsequently，Concentrated efforts on formal excavation of Han tombs and large stone tombs in Xichang，Conducted survey and mapping bet365 sign up offer ancient city of Xichang in Han and Tang Dynasties，Remarkable results have been achieved。

The Lizhou ruins are located in Lizhou Middle School, 25 kilometers north of Xichang City，A test excavation was conducted in 1974 under the leadership of Liu Panshi，Preliminary understanding is that this is a Neolithic site with regional characteristics。This Anning River survey has re-examined this，I found that there are still a large area of ​​ruins in the school playground and other places that can be continued to be excavated。But because Liu Panshi suddenly became seriously ill during the archaeological investigation，Transferred to Chengdu one month later，Unfortunately passed away three months later，Follow-up excavation bet365 sign up offer Lizhou site has temporarily stopped。Liu Panshi is the first outstanding graduate of Sichuan University majoring in archeology，Smart and diligent，Able to speak and write，He is the pioneer of Anning River archeology，He also gave me a lot of help in my first archaeological work and study of Shu history。His untimely death，It’s really a pity。

　1976，The Provincial Museum sent me to Xichang to continue the excavation of Lizhou ruins with the Cultural Management Office，A total excavated area of ​​360 square meters。The ruins are divided into two levels，The lower level is the remains of residences and workshops，9 fire ponds found，1 pottery kiln，More than 100 stone tools。The upper level was changed to a tomb area，20 long pit tombs discovered，A set of pottery is buried at each end bet365 sign up offer tomb，With amphorae、With flow pot、Featuring double tanks。The excavation report was published in Acta Archeologica Sinica，Named "Dadunzi-Lizhou Culture"，This is the first officially named Neolithic archaeological culture in southwestern Sichuan。

　Large stone bet365 sign up offer and sarcophagus burial

　1975，Another important gain from the archaeological survey bet365 sign up offer Anning River Basin，It is the discovery and official excavation bet365 sign up offer large stone tomb。The first excavation was led by Tong Enzheng，Many students from the 73-level archeology class participated。

A large stone tomb is a large stone tomb built on the gentle slope of a mountain，The sides and back wall bet365 sign up offer long and narrow tomb are surrounded by huge pebbles，The top is covered with large rocks weighing several thousand kilograms，Pile gravel into a large circular grave，Only the entrance to the tomb is accessible。In the tomb，Full of densely packed objects、Messy human bones，It is a typical secondary burial of bones，Only a small amount of pottery and copper bracelets were buried with the body、Hairpins and other decorations，Finally, seal the tomb entrance with gravel。This kind of strange tomb，Many found in the Anning River Basin，But it has never been officially excavated in the past。This time, a relatively well-preserved "Bahebaozi Tomb No. 1" was selected for scientific excavation on the west bank bet365 sign up offer Anning River，More than 90 scattered human bones were cleared from the tomb chamber，And more than 10 pieces of pottery and copper decorations。

After I went to Huili County to investigate，Return to Xichang to live with Teacher Tong，In the later period, he often went to the construction site to help。When the construction site excavation is about to end，One day，Teacher Tong said he won’t go to the construction site，My classmates and I went up to do some finishing work。Back to the guest house in the evening，Teacher Tong said that he had finished writing the “Excavation Briefing”，This surprised me！I quickly asked how to write it。He said: Simple and clear tomb，You don’t have to wait until the interior is organized, drawn and photographed before you write your presentation，Just face the tomb diagrams and unearthed artifacts，Write the shape bet365 sign up offer tomb directly、Skeleton stacking、As long as the characteristics bet365 sign up offer artifact and so on are enough，After going back，Look for materials again，Write a good conclusion。Other jobs，Including artifact line drawing、Photos and even the specific dimensions bet365 sign up offer unearthed artifacts, etc.，You can leave it empty first，After sorting out the utensils and taking pictures，Add more。I think this method is too simple，Just study hard and imitate，This has greatly accelerated my writing of archaeological excavation reports。

　1986，I excavated another "Bahebaozi Tomb No. 2"，Further proof that this large stone tomb is probably a unique burial style bet365 sign up offer ancient Southwest Yi "Qiondu people"。

In Aba Prefecture in northwest Sichuan and other places，"Stone coffin burial" was mainly used in the pre-Qin and Western Han Dynasties，Many excavations have been carried out before and after 1949。1978，Maoxian Cultural Management Office Report，A large number of sarcophagus burials were discovered while clearing soil on the edge bet365 sign up offer county town，Need to be discovered as soon as possible。Fan Guijie and I、Hu Changyu、Li Zhaohe、Chen Xianshuang goes together，Also organized people from various counties，An excavation team was formed，Conducted a large-scale excavation in the east and north bet365 sign up offer county，All 48 sarcophagus burials will be cleared soon，More than a thousand funerary objects of various types were unearthed。

Since most sarcophagus burials are filled with very little soil，Utensils are generally well preserved。Let’s learn from Tong Enzheng’s method，Start organizing on the cement floor bet365 sign up offer county museum exhibition hall。Let’s first press the location bet365 sign up offer tomb，Arrange the funerary objects in each tomb，Adjust according to the shape change，Gradually find out the chronological order of various types of tombs，Queue in installments，Select a typical tomb，Selected standard utensils。Then，A large "Grave List of Grave Stages and Artifacts Queuing" was made based on the situation of 48 tombs，Label the selected standard device，Pack and transport back to the unit。Upstairs in the exhibition hall bet365 sign up offer Provincial Museum，We spread out all the utensils according to the staging and queuing schedule，Write an excavation report directly based on the tomb map and standards。Written by me，It took more than a month to complete the text part bet365 sign up offer "Report on the Excavation of Sarcophagus Burials in Maowen Qiang Autonomous County, Sichuan"。Send the artifacts to the technical room for restoration, drawing, and photography，After completing the pictures，The excavation report will be officially released soon。Through practice，We have also tasted the sweetness of this working method。

　　Yingjing Training Class and "Yandao bet365 sign up offer"

Around 1978 to 1980，Chen Xianshuang and others were in the "Guchengping" area 3 kilometers west of Yingjing，Many earth-pit wooden coffin tombs and cliff tombs have been excavated，From the analysis bet365 sign up offer unearthed artifacts，The era lasted from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the Eastern Han Dynasty。Director Xie Yanxiang and others thought after visiting the site，This is a good place to hold an archaeological training class，There are not only a variety of tombs available for internship，Cultivate a group of urgently needed archaeologists for various places，And you can try to find out whether there is an ancient city in the "Ancient City Ping"、Clear the question bet365 sign up offer era and nature bet365 sign up offer ancient city。

　1981，By Ya'an and Dazhou、The "Sichuan Provincial Archaeological Training Class" attended by more than 20 people from more than ten counties including Nanchong officially opened in Yingjing County，Xie Yanxiang、Experts and scholars such as Shen Zhongchang come to teach。After，Carrying out archaeological excavation practice at Shuijing Kangou Hanya Tombs，Chen Xianshuang and I are responsible for tutoring。At the same time, we also organized everyone to conduct an investigation on the "Guchengping" platform，And discovered two connected ancient cities bet365 sign up offer Eastern Han Dynasty, one large and one small，The city walls on the north, south and east sides are still in good condition，The part facing the Yinghe River in the west has been washed into a cliff。Many tombs from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the Qin and Han Dynasties are distributed next to the main road in the mountainous area to the north bet365 sign up offer ancient city。

Although no earlier city walls have been found，But judging from the distribution of many tombs from the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the Qin and Han Dynasties and the discovery of a large Bashu tomb group near Yingjing County，There is more than just an ancient city here，And it is probably the famous "Yandao Ancient City" in history，It was once an important border town connecting the "Southern Silk Road" to develop the southwest，Chen Xianshuang and I wrote an article "Archaeological Discovery and Research of "Yandao Ancient City""，Published in "Proceedings bet365 sign up offer Fifth Annual Meeting bet365 sign up offer Chinese Archaeological Society"，Received attention from the academic community。Later，The Yingjing Museum is located on the cliff 5 kilometers west bet365 sign up offer "Yandao Ancient City"，The famous "Pavilion Road Stele" carved stone bet365 sign up offer Eastern Han Dynasty was discovered，Further determined the location and direction of "Yandao Ancient City" and "Southern Silk Road"。

In many years of archaeological practice，A lot of my work is done with the help and support of my colleagues，I may be writing more of them，In bet365 sign up offer report briefing，Some details cannot be specified，Explain here，And express my heartfelt thanks to all relevant colleagues。

(Author’s unit: bet365 sign up offer Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology)