Terms in Classical and History Tradition，often changes to connotation and expansion of extension。With the flow of time，The meaning of its original initial，or the original meaning of the original meaning of the original meaning，or derived to be versatile and existing，So，The combing of such term synonyms is quite necessary。Take "internal studies" bet365 Play online games and "Foreign Studies" for example，Two words are quite common in academic history，However, what it means has experienced several derivatives，People are used to "internal studies" today to refer to Buddhism，"External Studies" refers to Confucianism、Dao and other doctrine，In fact, it is just that they are relatively solidified and stable.。

"Internal Studies" and "External Studies" are accompanied by students，There must be a comparison in the words。From the record of the literature，The original meaning of "internal learning" refers to the Western Han Dynasty Scripture "Today's Studies"，Corresponding "foreign studies" are the doctrine of the sons。"Kong Congzi" contains Kong Yu and said to Kong Jiyan: "The following court，Within the four seas，All are in the chapters，and Jun Ji rule ancient righteousness。Governance of ancient righteousness，It cannot be not across the chapters; non -chapters and sentences，The way to danger also。"Song Xian Note:" Western Chinese theory，Taking Scripture as an internal study，Taking the sons as the exorcism。”

but but，What we need to ask is，What is the "chapter internal learning"? Some scholars believe that "chapter internal learning" is integrated，Explain it as the scripture of today's text，"Scripture" corresponds to the ancient texts，This seems to not reach a slight room。"Seal in the sentence" as a punctuation as "chapters and sentences、Internal Studies，Internal studies may refer to the learning of the prevailing of the studies at the time。"Post -Han Book · Fangshu Biography" said: "Self -study，Shang Qiwen，Expensive number，No shortage of time。"Li Xian Note:"。The secret of the matter，Therefore, it is called inside。"Hao Jing also said when he discussed the" Chuan Chuan Scriptures "of the East Han Classics，"Aid God lead，Cursing with each other，It is said that disasters are different as internal studies，Number of Lesson Names is Foreign Studies "(" Subsequent bet365 live casino games Hanshu "Volume 65，All can be proof。

Under the tradition of Confucianism，Discussion internally and outside the study will also move，To the Song and Yuan Dynasties, most of them use "internal learning" to refer to the learning of the truth，and "foreign learning" refers to the study of the word or as the study of political affairs。For example，Song Ru is used to "internal learning" to refer to the academic science，and Yuan people Hu Bingwen's "Ming Fu Zhai Ji" also said，"Ancient Confucianists learn，Only care about reciprocating。Recitation of Later，Non -learning，instead of reciprocating。Learn to restore，It is internal learning。Learn and cannot be resumed，It is outside learning。Internal learning can reach external，outer learning is not conducive to internal。Different from the heart，Study Department "(" Yunfeng Collection "Volume 2)。Wu Cheng's "Wang Xuexin Zi Ti" said: "，outer school also，Non -internal learning。"(" Wu Wenzheng Collection "Volume 5) After discussing the doctrine of the Song Ru in the letter in the letter，It believes that it originates from the concept of "inner mind" of the Buddhist home，That is to say, Song Ru came from the Buddhist house。Of course，Gu Yanwu revised this view in "Nikko Record"，The study inside and outside has internal division in Han Confucianism，Shi Jia is actually due to attacking Confucian。

outside the Confucian story system，Taoism introduced the term "internal studies" bet365 Play online games and "Foreign Studies" in Buddhism。The Taiping Scripture said: "Outside learning more，less internal school。Therefore, many flashy，Daily decline in the interior。So people are sick，Therefore, many flashy。"It means that although it is slightly obscure because there is no other document evidence，But according to the later article, "Shou Ben，Ji Ruo God;，Less chaos and annoying ""，You can judge the internal learning here to refer to the study of mind，and outer studies are known as the learning of teaching skills，It may be mainly for Confucianism that claims for enterprising。Song people Chu Boxiu said in "Zhuangzi · Tian Zifang" "Wei Zhen is tired for me":，outer school also;，Therefore, those who learn the Taoism，No trace，Non -virtue。"(" Nanhua Zhenjing Yihai Compilation Micro "Volume 63) About the meaning of" internal studies "and" external studies "is not contrary to the" Taiping Scriptures "。

After the Buddhist east is coming，The main position of the religion can be kept，Not only does the bet365 best casino games Sanskrit classic interpretation name "Jing Jing"，and stick to the Salmon disrespectful king、Not worshiped，and also called the Buddhist scriptures at the ideological level as the "inner classic"，Called Buddhism as "internal studies"，The rest of the Confucian Taoist，collectively referred to as "outer classics" and "foreign learning"。Although this trend is later than the "Taiping Scripture", the learning of the study of inside and outside，But in the Six Dynasties, the momentum is huge，"The Biography of Monk", "The Records of the Three Tibetans", "Hongming Collection" and other Buddhist classics are not flexible for。Expansion of the influence of Buddhism，Differential Buddhism and other doctrine inside and outside，It has become the primary meaning of "internal learning" and "external learning"，To Gu Yanwu's verification "Eastern Han Confucianists take Qiwei as internal school，Six Classics is an outer school "and lamented:" The so -called internal learning today，If it is not in the book of Tuji，Show the release of the Shi。"" (Gu Yanwu's "Knowing Records" Volume 18) The right to explain the right to explain，Live until near modern，Ouyang did not set up an inner college in Nanjing，and run the "Internal Studies" magazine，The term "internal learning" has become the name of Buddhism。

"Grab" with the Buddhist house to the academic interpretation inside and outside accompanied，The monks are not willing to worship on the wind on the poetic collection of the collection of the collection。Since the Song Dynasty, I dropped，Do not set out a collection of internal sets、outer set，Of course, this can be considered as an impact of the meaning of the internal and external articles inside and outside the "Zhuangzi"。Such as Huang Tingjian's "Edited by the Prince of the Institute" cloud:

In the first year of the Jianzhong Yasuki, the winter of the first year of the Yasa，Watch this book in Shashizhong。Despicable insufficient biography，The world is more than a heir，Because I want to get what I wrote, the poem is "Inner Chapter"，The person who does not fit the perfo，Non -time。It combines weeds in life every day，Search for half，Don't be two articles，Nai can finally show this cloud。

Huang Tingjian flipped through the collection of essays compiled by Wang Zifei，Stating my ideal collection of scores，is divided into internal and external chapters。Hong Dihuan keenly realized，Huang Tingjian is actually affected by "Zhuangzi"，In the "Yuzhang Outside Bet365 lotto review Poetry Notes", "The collection of" Zhuangzi "is divided into the internal and external chapters，The discussion is postponed by Huang Tingjian's article "The Edited by the Prince of the Title"。Actually，Huang Tingjian's poem collection is indeed "from the internal and external chapters of the hand" (Lou Ke's "Valley Valley West Zen Listening to the Poems"，See the building key "Intelligent Collection" Volume 74)，In the Song Dynasty, it is also an inside、outer set、The form of the other set of albums is handed down，Ren Yuan、Shi Rong and others for note。Chen Zhensun also holds the same opinion，He specially emphasized in the "Two Volume Two Volume Two Volumes and Two Volumes" of the Twenty "Chronicles Poetry Collection of Straight Book Records"，"Qingcheng Shi Rongyi recently notes" Outset "。"Outside Collection"，The valley once wanted to imitate "Zhuangzi" in the inside and outside "。

Although Huang Tingjian may have a plan to "become a family" with a collection of essays，Danja's ministry attributes naturally determine that the distinction between inside and outside is difficult to reflect the author's ideological standard。So，The handling of the Song people's internal and external sets is mostly a satisfactory work in the collection，and the outer set is mixed、Young masterpieces and documents，The concept of showing is the internal and external light。

The monks who delayed Yin Yong will also compile the collection，But they in the Buddhist internal classics、Under the influence of the thoughts of the outer classics，Internal set of the collection、The outer set function is a conversion，That is the inner collection of lectures and quotations，Poetry and essays。For example，Shi Zanning of the Zeng Song of the Northern Song Dynasty，殁 "Inner Code" 152 volumes，"Outside Collection" forty -nine volumes，Obviously using Buddhism as the inside，Poetry as the outside，Therefore, Wang Yuzheng said in "The Preface to the Master of Master Tonghui in the Left Street", "Shi Zi said that Buddhism is the inner code，Council of Confucianism is outer school ... Review of this，Know its Tao "。Song Shidao Chan's transparent in the world has four volumes of "Liutang Outer Collection"，Four Kuoguan ministers pointed out that the title of the book means: "Do not have a quotation，Therefore, the name is named。Shi Shi uses Buddhist scriptures as internal studies，Taking Confucianism as an external learning。"(" Four Caber All Books General "Volume bet365 best casino games 165) Ming Monk Zongzong's self -edited poem collection is" All Outdoor Collection "nine volumes，The name of the book is the same，Four Kuoguan ministers also keenly pointed out: "The example of the" Liutang Outer Collection "of the Song of the Song Dynasty" also。

Compared with it，Although some scholars are delayed in Zen Yue Huang Lao，But very cautious when preparing，The classification of their internal and external sets is exactly the opposite of the monk。For example，Golden Zhao Bingwen Wenxi Buddha Lao，Zeng Zezhi，However, his later years "fear theory，The name of the ancient and ancient times "，"Choose itself，Anyone who advocates the second family of the Buddha，All cut it，No. "滏"，The first use of "China", "He", "Cheng"，"Original Road" to be retired "(Liu Qi" Return to Qianzhi "Volume 9。Then，His poems he made for the second family of the Buddha "another editor，No. "Leisure Outer Collection" "，One of them together。Monk Editor Inside the Buddha and Confucianism，Zhao Bingwen's editors in the Confucian and Outside Buddhas，The hidden behind it is exactly the internal learning、Ordinary dispute over the paradigm of foreign learning。

Mr. Chen Yinke has been unveiled in the "Test of the Sudden Studies"，In the early days of Buddhism, the phenomenon of "grid" was generated in order to adapt to localization。Ru Huijiao's "The Biography of Monks" Volume 4 "Jin Gaoyi Zhu Faya": "Shi Zhi，Has merit，Unhappy Buddhism。Ya Nai and Kang Falang et al.，Number of things with scriptures，It is planned to be equipped with a foreign book，Example of Solution，Poor meaning。"The so -called" Number of things in the scriptures，Dedicated foreign book "，means to take the Buddhist scriptures to assign Confucianism that is considered by Buddhism as a Buddhist、Dao Classic。Pure Land Zong Daehui is far away when he is talking about the Bible，Also "quoted" Zhuangzi "meaning as a class"，So the confused person Xiaoran。

Uniqueness，The trend of "Yiru Conference" also appeared in the Ming Dynasty，Among them, Wang Yanyu, a scholar at the end of the Ming Dynasty、Liu Zhiyou is very hard (Ma Wenbing's "Languyi Irriga Conference -Wang Yingyu、Liu Zhi for the Observation Point ")。Liu Zhi once "read、Bye、fast、Lesson、Chao "Five Gongs to Divide Five Elements、Wulun、Wide，The book "Five Gongci Interpretation" is also a copy of the "Filial Scripture" style。Liu Zhi in order to make people easier to understand the system of Tianfang Xue，Introduced "Internal Studies" bet365 Play online games and "Foreign Studies" terms，It is said that heavenly learning "has foreign learning，There is internal learning。学 济 济 济，Internal Academic Tongwei Master "。Put as external studies such as "Word Learning、Crying、Literature、Study、History、Learning of Laws "and other 25 species，List the internal learning such as "recognition of learning、Learning of the Lord、Learning of Desire、Kefu Learning、Learning of Qingxin "and other 46 types (" The Record of Heaven to Holy Reality "Volume 15。Observe the name of the study internally and outside the study，If the name of the Confucianism is used for "Jing Studies"，"Learning of Kefu" to help the use of Confucian "self -denial and recovery" codes，We can see that the tendency to see its style is obvious。Liu Zhi does not learn thinly because of heavy internal learning，Instead, I think "Nine of Foreign Scholars and others，Among them, there are those with the same product as saints "," scholars who are both internal and external "(" Internal and Outside and Complete Scholars "(" Heaven to Holy Record "Volume 15，"Internal Studies" and "External Studies" derived a new layer of meaning system in "Heaven to Holy Record"。

derived from the meaning of the academic meaning inside and outside，We can find a rule，That is, the meaning of the meaning of the Great Fan changed，All appeared under the collision of different theory or thoughts。The same rules are also applicable to Zhang Zhidong in the late Qing Dynasty to explain their attitudes to local and foreign thoughts。Under the background of the full impact of Western studies in modern middle schools，Zhang Zhidong advocates learning Western utensil technology，But when the core spirit involved in ideology and culture，He believes "drown in West French，or even the learning of Chinese and Western，I think there is no difference between China and the West。If "Spring and Autumn" is the public law，Confucianism is in Jesus，It is self -disturbing "。Last conclusion: "Middle school is internal school，Western learning for outer learning。Middle School to rule the body and mind，Western Xue Yingshi。"" Volumes of Persuasion) This is the last time that the study of internal and external studies in the ideological collision of different countries and nations.。But，This derived argument did not follow the term "internal learning" bet365 Play online games and "Foreign Studies" when it was unfolded.，Instead, the words "middle school" and "Western learning" were taken，Zhang Zhidong's proposition is also Bet365 lotto review "middle school as the body，Western Scholarship is used in the form of lapse "entered the sequence of the history of Chinese thought。

It is worth mentioning is，Due to "internal learning" bet365 Play online games and "Foreign Studies", there is a clear characteristics of praise in comparative theory，Therefore, it is easy to be used by daily talks。Liu Kezhuang once talked about the four -six texts in "The Four Six Six" of "Postsatal Huang Mu Four".，Scholars are mostly used to figure out the text of the field house，Therefore, few pay attention to the four or six of the "Couple Book"。Occasionally, those who are required to this，"Personal non -laughing: It's a sub -work"。So，Liu Kezhuang can't help feeling: "All are carvings，Taking it to the field house as the internal school，Shi Zhitai Pavilion is learning，Four or six decline should also be。"But，This category of quoting internal and external learning does not have the regularity of academic theory，and in the waves of the hoeing, there is only a drop of water splashing splashing，This article will no longer be included in the scope of the inspection。

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