As my country's most representative location -oriented industrial policy，The essence of the establishment of the development zone is that the government attracts enterprises to gather in the designated geographical space through tax discounts or subsidies，Generate an external economy，to create more employment opportunities and economic output。On the one hand，With the evolution of the industrial structure and the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry, the demand for the productive service industry is rising，The impact of the productive service industry on the development of the development zone is bound to deepen。On the other hand，The rapid development of the productive service industry and the improvement of quality and efficiency，It is the division of labor in my country to participate in the international value chain、Promote the transformation and upgrade of the industrial structure、Important driving force for promoting regional space optimization layout。The main space carrier of the gathering of my country's productive service industry，The construction of the productive service industry bet365 live casino games in the development zone is of great significance to realize the high -quality development of my country's productive service industry。

　　Bet365 lotto review

Since the establishment of the first development zone in 1984，As of 2018，my country has established a total of 552 national development zones and 1991 provincial development zones。After more than 30 years of development，my country's development zone is attracting foreign investment、Promoting the development of modern bet365 live casino games manufacturing、Improving the investment environment and other aspects played a positive radiation driving role。At the same time，To promote the integration and development Bet365 app download of the manufacturing and productive service industry and promote the upgrading of the industrial structure，The development zone is mainly based on the development of modern manufacturing，Accelerate the development of the productive service industry。March 2005，The "Several Opinions on Promoting the National Economic and Technological Development Zone to further improve the level of development" (National Office [2005] No. 15) issued by the State Council will be included in the national development zone Development goals，Encourage multinational companies to establish a R & D center in the national economic development zone、Finance Center、Technical Service Center、Training Center、Procurement Center、Logistics Center、Operation Center and other productive service items。In 2014 and 2017, the importance and development documents of the State Council's innovation and development zones were all pointed out.。With the evolution of the industrial structure, the evolution of the "retreat, two advances" and the increase in the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry，The impact of the productive service industry on the high -quality development of the development zone is bound to deepen。

Although the level of productive service industry in my country lags behind developed countries，But the status in economic development is continuously improved，The value added of the productive service industry in 2017 accounted for 57.5%and 29.8%of the proportion of the service industry's added value and GDP, respectively。The country has introduced a series of policies and guidance opinions，Promoting the development of the productive service industry，Promoting the quality of the economy, improvement, efficiency, efficiency, efficiency, efficiency, efficiency, efficiency, and transformation and upgrade。"Made in China bet365 best casino games 2025" development strategy，It is clearly proposed to put the strategic key points of industrial development on the productive service industry，By creating and optimizing the functional area of ​​the productive service industry，Simultaneous improvement of service -oriented manufacturing and productive service industry。So，The rapid development of the productive service industry，It is of great significance for achieving high -quality development of the development zone。

　　Strengthening the agglomeration effect

Under the theoretical framework of new economic geography and "new" new economic geography，The establishment of the development zone will break the original urban industrial space structure，The system will re -form a new stable and balanced spatial structure under the common action of the agglomeration effect and the selection effect。The development zone caused a large number of enterprises to gather on space，Form an industrial cluster area with high market potential，The new economic geography model confirms the efficient advantage in areas with high market potential，The source of this advantage is generally attributed to the agglomeration economic effect。Gathering of similar industries to produce Marshall external sex，Sharing through intermediate investment、Labor market pool and knowledge overflow mechanism to increase efficiency，Jacobs external nature generated by the diversified industries will also promote innovation through knowledge overflow，Then improve efficiency。Related empirical research indicates，The establishment of my country's development zone effectively promotes the improvement of the efficiency of the productive service industry。During the transformation and upgrading process of industrial structure in various regions，Should adhere to the gathering development mode，Guide the productive service industry to the development bet365 best casino games zone and other location -oriented policy areas。

The agglomeration effect is the source of the efficiency advantage of the development zone's productive service industry，It is positively related to the scale of the local manufacturing industry。For the productive service industry，Manufacturing companies are "demanders"，The scale of the manufacturing industry determines the size of the potential of the productive service industry，Therefore, the strength of the agglomeration effect of the productive service industry bet365 live casino games in the development zone depends on the scale of the local manufacturing industry and the industrial association strength。When the productive service industry and the development zone are leading the correlation of the manufacturing industry,，Get the agglomeration effect is stronger。Local governments formulate the development plan development plan for the development zone，The development foundation of the development zone and its surrounding manufacturing should be fully considered，Priority development of productive service industry with a higher degree of correlation with the development zone，Eliminate blind pursuit of high -tech service industry，The integration and development of the productive service industry and the manufacturing industry，Co -promoting the efficiency of the development zone。

　　Give full play to the heterogeneity selection effect

Industrial agglomeration of the development zone is dominated by the government、Industrial gathering formed by attracting enterprises through a series of preferential policies or subsidies。To promote the development of the productive service industry bet365 live casino games in the development zone，The central government issued tax discounts、Financial subsidy、Credit convenience、Land transfer discount、A series of preferential policies such as administrative approval convenience。such as，In terms of land supply，National policy requirements to increase the proportion of land use in productive service industry，Allows the use of existing industrial real estate to develop productive service industry，bet365 Play online games Continue to use land in 5 years according to the original purpose and land right type，5 -year expiration or involved in the transfer requires the relevant land use procedures，can be pressed for new use、New right type、Market price，Application in an agreement。In terms of fiscal and taxation policy，Venture of SMEs in the national development zone、Incubator that provides technical services with independent innovation，and outsourcing for service、Public infrastructure projects provided by the Internet of Things enterprise provided technical services can apply for central financial discounts and various tax reduction policies。Except for national policy support，Each development zone is settled in to attract the productive service industry，It will also give a targeted preferential policy。such as，For the headquarters of the multinational company、Regional headquarters，and R & D Center、Marketing Center、Settlement Center、Logistics Center and other productive service companies，Within five years from the date of registration，Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone with 40%fund support for enterprises to pay income tax。

Big market area with general significance、Different in the central area，Development Zone is a cluster area formed by policy guidance，Its preferential policies will have different space selection effects on heterogeneous enterprises。For the productive service industry bet365 live casino games in the development zone，The mechanism of the effect of the selection effect includes the "competitive effect" of the market (the exit of low -efficiency enterprises under the influence of the fittest) and the "site selection effect" of heterogeneous enterprises (the impact of the high and low entry threshold on the proportion of low -efficiency enterprises)。On the one hand，The market size of the productive service industry brought about by the gathered in the development zone expands，will exacerbate market competition，and the consolidated supply of land supply in the development zone and the development of the demand for productive service industry in the development zone, which increases the price of commercial land use for the rise in productive service industry，Then the proportion of high -efficiency enterprises in the development zone under the market mechanism of the fittest。On the other hand，The existence of "policy rent" in the development zone will reduce the entry threshold for enterprises，Improve the probability of entry of low -efficiency productive service companies，Insufficient improvement of the productive service industry in the development zone。The two jointly determine the effect of selecting the effect on the efficiency of the productive service industry in the development zone。

The existence of the agglomeration effect allows the development zone to be without policy stimulus，Attach the automatic inflow of enterprises through the spontaneous market force，Therefore, each development zone should abandon the development model of enterprises to settle in (““ Ban ”competition) bet365 live casino games in the development zone of each development area，Give full play to the decisive role of market -oriented mechanisms such as "bidding, shooting" transfer of land "，A moderate preferential policy for the camera，The natural endowment and industrial foundation of the development zone form a "joint force"，Promoting the improvement of quality and efficiency of the productive service industry。

　(this article is the National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Project "Effects of Key Industry Policy on the Development Zone on the Efficiency of Resource Allocation: Micro Mechanism and Policy Optimization" (72003190) phased achievement)

(Author Unit: School of Applied Economics, Renmin University of China)