Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core attaches great importance to national food security，It has proposed to ensure that "the grain is basically self -sufficient、Absolute Safe Sales Safety Opinion，Established "I am the main、Based on domestic、Moderate import、Moderate import、Science and Technology support "national food security strategy，Promoting the theory of national food security、Practice and institutional innovation，Walking out a road of food safety with Chinese characteristics。"Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" and 2035 Far -seeking target outline should focus on building a national security barrier、Strengthen national economic security protection，Layout "comprehensive grain production capacity" in the main indicators of economic and social development，Clearly propose "Implementation of National Food Security Strategy"。Visible，As my country enters the new development stage，Ensuring food safety is a coordinated development and safety、The important foundation and premise of building a higher level of Ping An China。

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In recent years，my country's comprehensive production capacity of food has steadily improved。Total food output in my country in 2020 is 1339 billion kg，Step of 1.3 trillion kg of steps for 6 consecutive years，Realized the historic "Seventeen Lianfeng"，Per capita food share exceeds 470 kg，International Grain Safety Standard Line with higher than 400 kg。Just Bet365 app download wheat、rice、Four categories of corn and soybeans，Structural characteristics of food supply and demand are obvious。my country's wheat and rice have achieved basic self -sufficiency，Enough reserve inventory，Import is mainly used for varieties and structural adjustments，But the gap between the supply and demand of corn and soybeans gradually expands。Since 2017，The average self -sufficient rate of corn in my country is 95%，The gap in 2020 is 22 million tons，imports accounted for 5.78%of domestic consumption; the self -sufficiency rate of soybeans in my country is only about 15%，The gap in production needs from 860.33 million tons in 2018，further expand to 99.9 million tons in 2020，With the feed、Increases of processing requirements for industrial food，The degree of dependence on the international market continues to increase。2020，my country's food imports exceeded 140 million tons，Among them, soybean imports exceed 100 million tons，corn and soybean imports accounted for 78.27%，imports increased by 135.7%and 13.3%year -on -year, respectively，The main risk point of becoming my country's food safety。Under normal trade conditions，30%-40%of soybeans in my country、15%corn imports are from the United States，about 60%soybean imports from Brazil，The high concentration of the imported source country has even more risks of "subject to people"。At the same time，my country's food import high depends on marine transportation，Evolved in the Malacca Strait and Panama Canal、Suez Canal and other throat roads，Grain imports face the risk of higher "card neck"。other，With the transformation and upgrading of the domestic consumption structure，The exterior dependence of corn and soybeans in bet365 Play online games my country will further rise，Higher requirements for the stability of the food supply chain。

At the same time，The total amount of global food trade is limited，There are differences in the potential of food supply。According to data from the US Department of Agriculture，Global corn inventory has continued to decrease in the past four years。from 340 million tons in 2017-2018 to 290 million tons of 2020-2021; inventory consumption ratio dropped from 31.22%to 25.12%。Global soybean inventory has been reduced significantly in the past two years。from 114 million tons from 2018-2019 to 844 million tons of 2020-2021; the inventory consumption ratio drops from 33.02%to 22.55%。The "Food Outlook" report released by the Food and Agriculture Organization in June 2021，The current international food price is still high，Global food trade in the next year is still active。Look at it in the short term，High food prices have increased the cost of food imports in my country; in the long run,，Global spread of the epidemic of new crown pneumonia、Influence of international capital speculation and the flood of global liquidity，World corn and soybean prices may continue to rise，and further exacerbate inflation expectations。These aspects will stabilize and security for international food supply chains、A greater impact on autonomous control over my country's food supply。

　　Effectively optimize the international food supply chain

Under the new development pattern，Build "higher level、More efficient、More efficient、More sustainable "grain security guarantee system，You need to give full play to the advantages of comprehensive production of my country's food，Improve the safe and controllable domestic food industry chain supply system。At bet365 best casino games the same time, actively promote international exchanges and cooperation in the food field，Give full play to the guarantee effect of moderate grain import，Enhance the optimized allocation of global food resources，In particular, it is necessary to ensure the stability and safety of the international food supply chain。

Due to grain policy，Optimize the grain supply chain pattern: concentration from food sources to diversified layout。Actively use agricultural resources in different countries and regions，Due to grain policy，gradient layout of imported grain sources，Expand the international food supply chain。One is to deepen and South America、Australia、Eastern Europe、Southern Asia and other traditional food sources cooperation，Improve the stability of the international food supply chain。The second is the main body of my country's large food enterprises，Expand the scale of foreign investment，Strengthen with Kazakhstan、Russia、Ukraine、Romania and other countries，Especially the food industry cooperation of countries along the “Belt and Road”，Improve the potential of food imports。Third is to strengthen the area of ​​the Black Sea、Agricultural production and technical cooperation in emerging market countries in Asia，Improve grain、Soy production capacity，Through the strategic layout of global food sources，Accelerate the establishment of stability、Diverse food supply corridors。

Second，Improve the food supply chain system: from product thinking to supply system reconstruction。1 is to speed up the global layout of the entire food industry chain，Actively cultivate a large multinational grain company in my country，Explore the development Bet365 lotto review of food、warehousing、Processing and other multinational operations。Through trade cooperation、Industrial investment and other forms，Expand the International Grain Supply Network。The second is to improve the control ability of the food supply system。Relying on the existing large state -owned large multinational grain enterprises，Actively participate in the international food futures market，Enhanced the ability to use risk management tools to avoid risks。Focus on controlling costs at the same time，Increase the development of the international agricultural product market，Enhance the price of overseas food market、The ability to control the food supply system。Third is to strengthen the guarantee ability of the international food supply system。Enhance the monitoring and early warning of supply and demand and trade in the international grain market，Flexible use tariff、Quota、Technical measures and other means，Regulating trade varieties、Trade volume and trade pattern，Comprehensively control the risk of food supply chain，Improve the reaction ability and disposal ability to respond to the international food supply crisis。

third，Innovative food supply chain model: from "single soldiers" to multi -chain collaboration。First, to accelerate the development of international food transportation channels。While digging and enhancing the existing maritime capacity，Relying on the China -Europe trains and other lines to further develop the international logistics channel，Encourage cross -border transportation enterprises to establish a cooperation alliance，Construction convenient and efficient、Stable and continuous international food and transportation system。Second, vigorously promote the diversification bet365 best casino games of logistics functions。Establish and improve the food flow system in the main food exporter，The two parties can cooperate to build a port hub、Haiku Channel and other traffic infrastructure，Improve food procurement、warehousing、transportation and distribution functions，Formation of stable flowing and flow grain flow channels。Third is to accelerate the establishment of an international logistics information management system。Promote the digitalization of food flow information、Intelligent construction，Accurately grasp the international food trade and logistics situation，Strengthen risk prevention and control，Improve the efficiency of food transport。

Fourth，Enhancement of food security governance: from win -win results to global co -governance。On the one hand，Accelerate the public service "Going Give" related to the comprehensive production of grain production。Increase agricultural production funds for developing countries、Technology、Equipment and other investment intensity，Improve its agricultural infrastructure，Improve its food production and supply capacity。On the other hand，Actively participate in world grain security governance。Maintaining a global multilateral trade system，Strengthening South -South Grain Economic and Trade Cooperation，Promote and United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization、Development Planning Department、Cooperation of international organizations or institutions such as the World Grain Planning Department，Build a new platform for international grain cooperation，Promote the sustainable development of global agriculture。Improve the foreign agricultural assistance system，Reasonable allocation of agricultural resource elements，Improve Bet365 lotto review my country's right to speak and influence in global food security governance。

　　(This article is the topic of the China Food Research and Training Center "Coordinating Two Markets  Safe in the staged results of ensuring my country's food security research)

(Author Unit: Institute of Regional and Urban -Rural Development)