October 24, 2021，The "Carbon and Peak Action Plan before 2030" issued by the State Council clearly required，Promote the carbon peak of the steel industry in the industrial field。According to statistics，In 2020, my country's steel industry has a total energy consumption of 575 million tons of standard coal，accounting for about 11.6%of the total energy consumption of the country; carbon emissions account for more than 60%of the total carbon emissions in the global steel industry，Is the manufacturing department with the largest carbon emissions in my country。Visible，my country's steel industry still exists in huge green improvement space。To promote my country's carbon peak carbon neutrality and goals as scheduled，Then contributes China for building a community of a human climate and fate，It is imperative to speed up the green transformation of the steel industry、Ferry。

At present，my country's steel industry to implement carbon peak carbon neutralization targets still face some difficulties，Need to fully understand。First, the proportion of short -range electric furnace crude steel output is low。Current，Steel production process is mainly divided into two types of "electric furnace" smelting of "blast furnace -turntable" smelting and shortflow of long process。Long process raw materials are mainly coal and iron ore，Is a high energy consumption high、Pollutant emissions many processes; shortflows mainly use scrap steel as raw materials，Avoid many links that may cause pollution。But my country's steel process structure is mainly long process，The production of crude steel produced in the short -process steelmaking process accounts for only about 10%of the total output，far below 68%lower than the United States、Bet365 app download 40%of the EU、24%of Japan。Long process smelting is high，On the one hand, it is because of the constraints of production costs。The cost of the raw material cost of the short process includes the cost of scrap steel、Electricity fee、electrode fee、Electric furnace maintenance fee, etc.，Among them, electricity bills、The cost of the electrode is high，The cost of scrap steel also continues to rise。Long process smelting has a complete set of industrial chain in my country，It can save costs more than compared to。On the other hand, due to the shortage of raw materials。The main raw material of the short process is scrap steel，my country's crude steel output has accounted for more than 50%of the world's steel output，Strong demand has promoted the rise in international scrap prices，It also reduces the demand for scrap steel than minus，As a result, the world's average scrap ratio does not include 57%of China and 37%including China。

Second, insufficient research and development of deep steel environmental protection technology。Iron and Steel Environmental Protection Crafts developed rapidly during the "Thirteenth Five -Year Plan" period in my country，But deep -level process research and development still needs to be strengthened。Taking the pre -iron system pollutant treatment technology as an example，Emissions of pre -iron pollutants account for 2/3 of the total volume of the total steel emissions。In order to meet the ultra -low emission standard，Tone gas treatment technology generally uses more mature wet method、Semi -sulfur desulfurization process with SCR denitration technology and activated carbon desulfurization denitrification integrated technology，But the use of these technologies will produce desulfurization ash、Lost -nitrous catalysts and other solid waste，or the existence of activated carbon secondary utilization technical gap、Rising costs and other questions。For Bet365 app download example，Use activated carbon desulfurization degradation integrated technology，Corporate sintering ore cost will increase at least 25 yuan/ton。Another example is restore technology，Including hydride metallurgy technology、Electrolytic restoration technology, etc.，Although it can solve the problem of carbon emissions from the source，But the breakthrough progress has not been made at present。Steel environmental protection craftsmanship is not enough，On the one hand, it is due to chemical industry、Iron、Energy and other related talents shortage，Especially for talents who overcome high -end technical problems。On the other hand, the research and development intensity needs to be strengthened。Take the intensity of R & D input as an example，The intensity of R & D investment in the steel industry in the past few years has not yet reached the average of the national manufacturing industry，R & D investment and results of the output needs to be improved。

Third, some steel companies have not adapted to the new normal environmental protection。Some steel companies in my country still lack the enthusiasm and initiative of promoting the green transformation and development of the industry。The reason for this，First of all, some companies still adhere to the idea of ​​"focusing on the economy and light environmental protection" and "develop first and then regulate pollution"，Failure to fully adapt to the new normal of environmental protection。Followed by failed to treat environmental protection measures in the long run。Rasal and daily maintenance of environmental protection equipment will indeed lead to an increase in operating costs，But currently the differentiated environmental protection policies implemented by my country's companies in China，In fact, it will help reduce operating costs，Representative policies include non -stop production during severe pollution weather、Unlimited production，Rest -exemption environmental bet365 live casino games protection tax，Enjoy differentiated electricity price, etc.。Another，For companies that have environmental protection faults or even illegal acts，my country will also take a series of disciplinary measures。

other，Under the pressure of environmental protection，Industry supervisors facing the test of technical means and regulatory methods lag，Especially the incomplete intelligent supervision data platform、Insufficient regulatory strength, etc.。The current "assault inspection" method and "ledger" management，often cause information asymmetry of information。other，Enterprise environmental protection reconstruction projects are mostly autonomous acceptance，It is easy to lead to regulatory loss or absence。

For the above problems，In order to better promote the green transformation and development of the steel industry，can start from the following aspects。First，Perfect institutional supply，Improve action plan at all levels。The green transformation and development of the steel industry should take the system as the guidance and action guide，Constantly improving the institutional system。The first is to formulate the carbon peak carbon neutralization of the steel industry，Do a good green layout。The plan should cover the overall goal、Sub -action action、Supporting guarantee, etc.，In particular, it is necessary to specify the carbon peak target of the steel industry in various regions of my country，Press the responsibility、Task is loser。Second is to improve the carbon exchange transaction system，Do a good job of incentive mechanism、Exit mechanism cooperation。The carbon exchange trading system can not only control the overall carbon emissions，It can also inspire enterprises to create economic benefits through energy conservation and emission reduction，Stimulate enterprise green development motivation。Third, other supporting systems should be emitted with strict control、Reinforcement process control、Optimized bet365 Play online games end governance principle，Sweet supplement。

Second，Optimize the innovation environment，Breakthrough key technical bottleneck。Current，my country's steel environmental protection technology technology has many key technologies in urgent need to break through。1 is to speed up the research and development of hydride metallurgy technology。Hydrogen energy is high -efficiency and low -carbon secondary energy，It will have a revolutionary impact on my country's energy structure and energy consumption system，Directly solve the problem of dirty flow to the long process，The implementation of hydride metallurgy technology will turn the steel industry from the high carbon emissions industry to the low -carbon emissions industry。Second, to speed up the development of carbon capture、Use low -carbon technology such as and sealed，Low temperature SCR、Low -temperature flue gas circulating fluidization bed integration and other sintering flue gas ultra -low emissions technology，and "negative steelmaking" new technology、Efficient green electric furnace smelting technology、Comprehensive utilization technology of solid waste，Improving the technical support ability of the green transformation of steel companies。Third is to use innovative methods flexibly。Give full play to the national team advantage through the core project，Concentrated funds and manpower for key attack; deducting it before tax、Project subsidy and other fiscal and taxation measures，Guide enterprises to actively carry out technological research and development; provide good incentive policies for innovative talents。

third，Dedicated new technological revolution，Take the Road to Green Smart and Environmental Protection。The world is currently in a new round of technology and industrial revolution，IoT、Big Data、Cloud computing and other new technologies are deeply integrated with all walks of life，The steel industry should take this as an bet365 best casino games opportunity to promote its own green transformation。1 is to speed up the greening of the steel industry、Low carbonization transformation process，Develop smart low -carbon manufacturing、Intelligent low -carbon logistics, etc.。The second is to digitize、Network、Intelligent means，Real -time monitoring of energy conservation and emission reduction of enterprises、Data analysis and optimization processing，Make environmental protection index data more convenient for transmission、More accurate。

Fourth，Greed up capital channels，Discover carbon financial potential。Iron and steel companies often need a lot of capital investment，As a result, it brings huge funding pressure，This requires carbon finance to continue。First, provide a variety of financial services。In addition to green credit，Explore the development of carbon rental、Carbon Trust、Carbon insurance，and financial services in different forms of contract energy management。The second is to play the role of carbon financial orientation。Implement discount credit for enterprises with good reputation for environmental protection，Under the other hand, you can take no loan、Broken loan and other measures。Third, adopt a new model of supply chain finance，For the whole industry chain of the steel industry、All life cycle service，Sin -steel green ecosystems co -built by banking enterprises。

Fifth，Strengthening ability construction，Cultivate the green talent team。Green transformation in the steel industry is inseparable from a group of high -level environmental protection executors and promoters，This requires strengthening the training of related talents。First, pay attention to the development of environmental protection ideas，Corporate managers should strictly adhere to ecological pollution is a red line that cannot be touched，The concept of environmental protection should be internalized bet365 Play online games in the heart、Externalization。Second, pay attention to cultivating green skills talents，Strengthen the construction of corporate environmental management capabilities，Flexible use of modernization、Informatization、Intelligent means，Monitor yourself、Stealing the ability and level of corporate green manufacturing in independent management。

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(Author Unit: Party School of the Heilongjiang Provincial Party Committee of the Communist Party of China)