Low -carbon economy is low pollution、Low energy consumption and low emissions are development goals，Pursuing the economic development model of sustainable development of human beings。Its thought comes from reflection on the development path of traditional industrial civilization，Development of a low -carbon economy is both a broad consensus for the current international community，It is also technological innovation in various countries、System Innovation、The important direction of the concept update。

The term of the low -carbon economy appeared for the first time in the British government's 2003 energy white paper "Our Energy Future: Our Energy Future -Creating A Low Carbon Economy)。This report points out，In the context of global climate change，Need to improve Britain's energy structure，Encourage development to be cleaned、Intelligent and reliable energy system，At the same time, the development goals of its low -carbon economy at the same time。British carbon dioxide emissions have maintained a decline in the overall decline since 1973。Carbon dioxide emissions in 2019 are only 56.6%at the highest peak at the highest peak，It has declined for seven consecutive years。In the same year，British low -carbon and renewable energy economy (LCREE) departments reached 42.6 billion pounds，and absorb a large number of employment population。Generally speaking，The practical path of the British low -carbon economy transformation mainly includes the following aspects。

First，Improvement mechanism construction is an important system guarantee for the transformation of low -carbon economy。In 2008, the United Kingdom took the lead in the world's first national commitment bet365 Play online games to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the world, "Climate Change Act"。The Climate Change Committee (CCC) established by the bill，It aims to ensure that the UK has achieved emission reduction targets and conducts independent evaluation，At the same time, the government is required to prepare a climate change risk assessment report (CCRA) every five years，By formulating the "carbon budget" with legal binding power，"Carbon neutralization" in the stage of 2050。2014，The British Introduction of Energy Conservation Plan (ESOS) take effect，Requires large enterprises to conduct compulsory evaluation of energy use and energy efficiency at least every four years。other，The British government also conducts climate change actions，Promote the carbon frame pilot，Located low -carbon targets and methods under the guidance of professional institutions。In terms of measurement of the development of low -carbon economy，Britain Bettance Better Standard (SIC 2007)，Definition according to the low -carbon economy，Distribution according to the population industry、Low -carbon department service extension and other elements formulate statistical standards，In order to understand and analyze the development of the low -carbon economy, it provides solid data support。

Next，Green Finance is a catalyst for low -carbon economic transformation。Britain launched green insurance in 1977，Since then, it has been issued and established in carbon funds、Carbon Trust、Green Bonds and Green Credit，Require climate change tax，Create International Climate Fund and Green Bank，Establish a British carbon emissions trading system in the EU carbon emission trading system，Make the content and supporting mechanism of green finance continuously enriched and improved。At the same time，The formation and development of the theory of "Equator Principles" and "Low -Carbon Economy" Bet365 app download theory，Provide theoretical guidance for the financial market participation in the low -carbon economy transformation，Further stimulated the financial vitality of Britain in the process of transformation from the British to the low -carbon economy。2019，"Green Finance Strategy" released by the UK highlights the significance of finance for green development，Formulated a macro -level green financial development goal and roadmap，Provides guidance for the realization of financial green transformation。2020，The UK announced that it will issue the world's first green sovereign bond plan，It is expected to become the world's first country in the world to be the world's first country to be consistent with climate -related financial information disclosure work group (TCFD)。

again，Focus on the development of low -carbon technology，Laying a solid foundation for the transformation of the low -carbon economy。Technical research in the UK in the new energy and low -carbon field、Development and promotion has made a lot of investment，Covering renewable energy、Energy -saving heating、Energy -saving power generation、Energy -saving heating、Energy storage and carbon capture and other fields。Constructing a technical transfer network through funding and other fields，Britain combines low -carbon technology with traditional industries，Improve the competitiveness of the country's enterprises in the process of low -carbon economy transformation。At the same time，Britain also launch extensive cooperation with EU countries，Participate in the Technology Development Fund Project，Focus on low -carbon fuel technology、Biological Energy、Nuclear Technology、Enterprises in technology fields such as offshore wind power components and hydrogen fuel cells conduct research。

Last，Actively implement the low -carbon concept at the industry level，Promote the transformation of low -carbon economy。bet365 Play online games Support of low -carbon technology，Britain vigorously promotes wind power in the power industry、Hydropower、Photovoltaic、Application of carbon capture and storage technology，Relying on the smart meter、Grid management system and other means，Accelerate the construction of smart grids; in the transportation industry，Actively promote various types of new energy vehicles，Release of hydrogen energy and fuel cell technology roadmap，Auxiliary driving and supporting logistics、Communication and other infrastructure，Improve the overall efficiency of transportation; in terms of waste treatment，Pay attention to extending the life cycle of recycling waste，Pay attention to the re -processing and re -use of biological waste，Construct a lithium battery recycling system; in the field of energy efficiency products，Promote LED lamps、Energy -saving doors and windows、Low -carbon building materials、Energy control system in the process of heat recovery system and engineering manufacturing; in the low -carbon service industry，Provide low -carbon consultation and low -carbon financing services。Visible，UK supports low -carbon technology，Using industry application scenarios as a carrier，Realizing the low -carbon transformation of the operating model of the traditional industry。

Promote the transformation of the low -carbon economy and finally achieve carbon neutralization，Systemic engineering from the macro -system construction to micro technology research and development and application，Is an overall、Long -term development and change。The practical path of the UK low -carbon economy transformation，provides experience reference and path selection for the modernization of the builder and nature and the modernization of nature。

One，Improve institutional construction，Enhance the low -carbon economy transformation momentum。The UK's low -carbon economy transition is inseparable from the top -level system design，bet365 best casino games From the emission reduction plan and action plan with legal effect to the formulation of low -carbon economic statistical rules，All reflect the content transformation of the institutional level and the times.。Under the premise of recognizing the increasingly increasing external environment of climate change and the continuous improvement of the people's cognition of climate change，The relationship between the low -carbon economy and the existing development model needs to be balanced，Then provide effective and perfect institutional support。On the one hand，Use administrative regulations from top to bottom、Legislation、Taxation reform and other means，better play the role of the government，Improve the design of the top -level system。On the other hand，Drawing from the bottom up of citizens、Activity of enterprises and social groups，Make it extensively participate in discussions on institutional construction、Supervision and feedback。Only form a joint force formed up and down，The system building of the country's low -carbon economy transformation together，Clarify the timetable and roadmap of the low -carbon economy transformation action plan，Only to ensure the smooth development of the transformation of the low -carbon economy。

Its two，Give play to market forces，Clarifying the development direction of green finance。As an important financial center in the world，The financial market in the UK played an important role in serving the transformation of low -carbon economy。By using the comparative advantage of its own financial industry，The United Kingdom continues to innovate financial products and derivatives，Financial services in the fields of low -carbon consulting and low -carbon financing，Effectively stimulate market vitality。In terms of investment concepts，Strengthen theoretical innovation and guidance，Make more and more investors start to realize the relationship bet365 best casino games between ESG risk factor on the financial performance and benefits of enterprises，Instead of seeking balance between economic returns and social and environmental impacts。In the Accounting Guidelines、Audit and report disclosure，Britain also takes into account the impact of climate change，Encourage enterprises to combine low -carbon concepts with enterprise development strategies。These measures effectively promote the green transformation of the British financial market，It plays a vital role in serving the transformation of the low -carbon economy。

Three，Strengthen key technology research and development，Application of industry scenes。In addition to energy、Transportation and other industries formulate a low -carbon transformation plan outside，Transportation and other industries formulate a low -carbon transformation plan outside，Analysis of the development direction of low -carbon technology，Evaluate the benefits and costs that different technologies may bring。In terms of technology research and development，Pay attention to the guidance role of national industrial funds，Keep key technical research on key technologies，Make Britain's wind power at sea、Smart Power、Auto manufacturing and intelligent transportation has certain competitive advantages。At the technical application level，Change the development model of traditional industry，Formulate the industry's low -carbon transformation plan，Now in green traffic、Smart City Energy System、Low -carbon buildings and other technical applications have the first advantage，and plan to build the world's first net zero -emission industrial cluster by 2040。Through the close combination of technology research and development with the development of the industry，The UK not only realizes the benign interaction of technology research and development and actual scenario applications，Formed a low -carbon industry with strong competitiveness，It also promotes its low -carbon technology system bet365 Play online games to the world，Provide reference and guidance for the transformation of low -carbon economy in other countries and regions。

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(Author Unit: Research Center of China Special Economic Zone of Shenzhen University; Development and Reform of Shenzhen Baoan District)