General Secretary Xi Jinping mentioned “inheriting Chinese civilization” many times in his report to the 20th National Congress bet365 code Communist Party of China，For example: "Chinese-style modernization is a modernization that harmonizes material civilization and spiritual civilization...while vigorously developing advanced socialist culture，Strengthen the education of ideals and beliefs，Inheriting Chinese Civilization。”“Stick to the position of Chinese culture，Refining and displaying the spiritual logo and cultural essence of Chinese civilization，Accelerate the construction of Chinese discourse and Chinese narrative system，Tell Chinese stories well、Spread the voice of China。"Because Mingxue is a "unpopular" subject，Important content that constitutes Chinese civilization，The study of photography is the foundation bet365 code construction of Yinming study。

　　"A Brief Explanation bet365 code Theory of Sutra" and two Chinese and Tibetan works on Sutra

Looking bet365 code table of contents of "A Brief Explanation of the Theory of Sustainability" by Master Dharma Master，The first three items are the content of the nature of energy，That is, speaking of invisible self-righteousness、The attainment of the path to liberation and the actual magnitude of reality，There are three positive reasons for self-defined ratio content、Like cause、Due to legal and patriarchal relationships, etc.。Contents of finished products include quantity、Ability to establish quantities, etc.，Energy-established quantities include orthogonal established quantities、Inverse established quantity，Shun's established quantity includes the cause of perfection (meaning of happiness、Advanced practice is complete)、Perfect Fruition (Good Death、Rescue)，The inverse established quantity talks about the perfection of the effect and the perfection of the cause，Guo Chengcheng talks about rescue、Good Death，The Four Noble Truths in Rescue Discourse。The product of actual measurement includes three parts: "distinguishing evil spirits in measuring numbers and behaviors", "distinguishing evil spirits in measuring one's own body", and "distinguishing evil spirits in measuring fruits"。The fourth grade talks about the comparison of other meanings，Speaking of the words and interpretations。

Judging bet365 code title of the Chinese translation of "Introduction to the Seven Treatises of Yinming"，This work is an introductory work that integrates the content of the Seven Treatises on the Causes of Dharma，Looks like an introduction，Reconstructed Tibetan Samatha knowledge system。bet365 code text structure，Includes four parts: "situation", "contextual situation", "analysis method of situation" and "comparison"，“Jing” talks about things and non-things、Action and inaction、Permanence and impermanence，Involving five realms、five roots、Juyi、corresponding、Because、Fate、fruit、measured、Self-image、Co-equal categories。“Specific context” can be interpreted、Interpreted、Language、Mind、words、Butegaro、Quantity、non-quantity、Respectively、No difference、False、Not a fallacy、Self-certified、Other evidence、心、Categories such as mental states。Contrary to the "analysis method of the situation"、Belong to each other、Hide、Establishment、Total、Don’t、一、different、Enter、Establishment、Nature、Represented、Quality Law、Physique、Choose two ratios and other fields。The ratio includes two parts: the self-benefit ratio and the altruistic ratio。At the end of the article, I will talk specifically about Zong Guo (because I talked about the cause before、Yu Guo)、The self-sustaining expression can really break the form and the should establish the true breaking form、It seems that it can be broken (especially pay attention to the method of answering the argument that seems to be the answer)。The content of the Chinese translation of "Yinmingxue Enlightenment" is summarized as: On color (color appearance and form)、On things caused by quantitative consciousness (constant and things、One and Different、Self-phase and universal phase、True truth and conventional truth)、On Cognition、On the right and wrong of negation、On small cause and effect (can produce、born)、On generality and distinction、On quality and body、On conflict and compatibility、On understanding existence and understanding nothingness、On nature and appearance、On the establishment of great cause and effect (cause、Fate、fruit)、On the following and the sending of the causes、On destruction and establishment、Discuss the should-become theory、On establishing environment、On the Realm of Reality (Putegaluo、Perception、Quantity perception、Non-quantity perception、Classification of perception)、On Psychology、On causes and reasons, etc.。

From "Sutra on Sutra" to two Chinese and Tibetan works on Sutra，bet365 code content structure，The Tibetan theoretical system of Samatha has surpassed the textual content of Dharmakīrti’s “Samādhisattva”，bet365 code original surrounding current quantity、The fourth grade made by comparison，Innovation transformed into Tibetan theory of knowledge。That is, bet365 code self-realization and enlightenment of "the energy of the measurement" and "making him give rise to expedient words" in "The Theory of Quantity", his Buddhist concern was localized bet365 code debate on color to the theory of response、The theory of quantitative Buddhist argumentation，Form independent、Complete、A discipline system that is both related to and different bet365 code inner enlightenment of Buddhism - "Photography"。

　The knowledge system of photography contains the content bet365 code theory of photography and storage

Judging bet365 code text content of "Yinmingxue Enlightenment"，The "Little Principle Road", "Middle Principle Road" and "Dali Road" of Photography are integrated。Compared with "Treasure Theory of Quantitative Theory"，"Treasure Theory of Quantitative Theory" is equivalent to the last two parts of "Dali Road"，Of course the second two parts are also interspersed with some scenes、Special context、Explanation of the concept of cause and effect。"Introduction to the Seven Essays on Causes and Mings" is titled "The Seven Essays on Causes and Mings"，Also equivalent to the last two parts of "Dali Road"，Only in the form of "Appendix" at the end of the article, we will discuss the should-be-formed theory，This is the first part of "Dali Road"。Roughly speaking，"Dali Road" talks about argument structure and rules，Discuss should-be-formed theory、Establishing context and concrete context、Stipulates the rules for establishing causes (reasons)；“Xiaoli Road” is a category explanation related to “Dali Road”，Clear color and shape、Transitive、Cognition body、Negative yes and negative no、Ability to be born and what is born、Always and Differently、The meaning of categories such as quality and body；"Zhongli Road" is an explanation of the relevant categories of the "Dali Road" rules，Clearly contradictory and compatible、To be and not to be、Nature and appearance、Because、Fate、fruit、Past、Future、Last pass、Send all over、The meaning of categories such as breaking and establishing。

　■"Selected Materials on the History of bet365 code Logic"，Gansu People's Publishing House 1991 Edition Author/Photo provided

　■"bet365 code Yinming Xue"，Tibet People’s Publishing House 2002 Edition Author/Photo provided

For example, "Dali Road" discusses the citation for establishing Zizong as follows: "Yu Zizong，There are five types of legislation in the should-be-formed theory，一、Predicated cause、法、Legislation with different meanings。二、Referring to a number of overlapping legislation。三、It is called the legislation piled up by the later generations。four、Legislation based on stacked causes。五、Legislation that is said to be stuffed inside。One of the dependent ones，Ruyan uses the bottle as a method，Should be impermanent，It is an instantaneous nature, so it should be formed。The two are dependent on each other，Ruyan uses the bottle as a method，Use pillars as a method，There is a law in using things as objects，Should be the nature of doing，It is the theory of impermanence。Three dependent persons，As the saying goes, what you know is the law，Should not be done，Should be permanent resident，should not be a thing，It cannot express function, so it should be the formula。The four dependent ones，As the saying goes, the wisdom of phase is the law，Should be a thing，It is a conditioned method，It’s because it can express functions，It is an instantaneous nature, so it should be formed。The five interdependencies are divided into two types: 1、The theory of how to fill the gap with law。二、The theory that should be formed after Chen Chong stuffed。One of the dependent ones，Ruyan uses the bottle as a method，Use color as a method，Take what you know as the law，There should be，There is a reason，The cause of this should-be-formed theory has been established。It is due to quantity and consciousness。This theory should be repeated all over the world，It is due to quantity and consciousness。The two are dependent on each other，As the saying goes, using pillars as a method，Should be impermanence。Should be momentary，Should be a thing，It is a conditioned method，The reason for this should-be-formed theory has been established，This should-be-formed theory has been repeated all over the world。”Many categories in this quotation come bet365 code “Xiaolilu” and “Zhonglilu”。

Same，Also like the "Cause and Reason" part of "Dali Road", which talks about the categories involved in the true cause, "the patriarchal view of things" and "the universal view of things"、Exotic", "Physical Nature Gate", "Zhizhi", etc.，Also bet365 code "Xiaoli Road" and "Zhongli Road"。Just，The core of photography is based on the three parts of "Dali Road": the should-be-formed theory、Quantity knowledge and causes (able to establish causes and their rules)。

The relative independence of photography bet365 code Tibetan Buddhism

The influence of the inheritance of Madhyamaka and Yogacara schools of Indian Buddhism on Tibetan Buddhism，Lu Chen wrote "The Original Treatise on Tibetan Buddhism" based on 12 Tibetan classics including "The History of Indian Buddhism in Taranatha"，This article consists of several parts including "The Origin of Tibetan Buddhism", "The Spread of Tibetan Buddhism", "Documents of Tibetan Buddhism", "The Doctrine of Tibetan Buddhism", "Bielu: A Brief List of Tibetan Translations of the Sutra"。The literature part，Lü Chen summarized it based on Bouton’s "History of the Teachings of the Good Death" as: "Review bet365 code themes of various treatises。It is like measuring the secular truth，The ultimate truth of truth，And introduce the three categories of liberation and bodhicitta。It can be distinguished by quantity，Re-analysis of the Five Ming Dynasties，So all the internal and external discussions are summarized。”Those who measure include the theory of world affairs、Those who benefit others、Those who benefit from themselves。Talks on the Way of the World, Hundreds of Wisdoms, and Health Preservation，Those who benefit others point out the cause、Statement、Yi Fang Ming、The craftsmanship is clever and the four things are bright，What benefits oneself is inner understanding，Yunyun、Where、Jie et al.。The rational person shows the four truths、The principle of being able to make no distinction and gain nothing。Those who are liberated bet365 code two paths of Bodhi，It is like the land of Bodhisattva、Entering the Bodhisattva Way, etc.。Lv Chen also introduced the content involved in Danzhuer，Divided into "Tongzan", "Farewell", "Writing and Supplements" and "Ode to Auspicious Ode"，The interpretation is divided into "Five Mings" and "The Theory of Worldly Dao"，Inner enlightenment is divided into "fruit mantra vehicle" and "cause and nature multiplication vehicle"，Looking bet365 code multiplication of causes and properties，The content involves Prajna、Mesocosm、Jingshu、Yoga、Hinayana、Japanese and miscellaneous writings category 7。“There are different schools of Tibetan Buddhism with different tastes，For example, in the beginning, Shantarakshita and others spread the teachings of Mathematica，The next time, Shengyou and others spread the teachings of yoga，Another time, Atisha preached Shantideva and Madhyamaka Yoga, which is the sect of Sutra and Tantra in Chaoyan Temple。...The person whose influence is the most profound on future generations，Only Atisha’s family。The theory of Zonggeba, which was popular in the late dynasty, has its origins here。"The Mahayana Buddhism taught by Atisha" traces its academic system，Gai comes from Jinzhou、Second Master Juexian。…Jinzhou’s learning was passed down bet365 code Ci family、Asanga；Juexianze is passed down from Manjusri、Shantideva，Shantideva is transmitted from Nagarjuna、Deva、Qingbian、Moon name；Therefore Atisha’s theory also includes Nagarjuna、There are no scholars from two families”。Master Shengyan also divided Tibetan Buddhism into three lines，In the Department of Vasubandhu Studies，"An Hui's Learning of Learning，Chen Na，Especially Dharmakīrti’s knowledge of consciousness only，Tokuguang’s Aribu Vinaya，Liberation Army’s Yoga-centered Prajna Studies。This constitutes a large part of the important theoretical basis of Mahayana Buddhism in Tibet”。From Cishi、Asanga、Vasubandhu、Anhui reaches full growth、Shengyou，To Yueguan、宝名，From Vasubandhu to Deguang、Dehui，From Vasubandhu to Chenna、Dharma protector、Free Army、Dharmakīrti、Devas Rama，From Vasubandhu to Liberation Army；The first series of Madhyamaka studies starts from Nagarjuna、Deva、Dragon Friends、Monk protects to Buddha protects、Lotus Sleep、Moon name，From monk protection to Qingbian、Sanbala Jituo、There are so many relics that Zhizang has them、Santa Protector；The Madhyamaka Yoga System is the Victory of Heaven、Shantideva。bet365 code above scriptures we can see that Tibetan Buddhism is the mature Yogacara school of Indian Buddhism、Middle Way School、Buddhism that integrates Madhyamaka and Yogacara and later sects of Buddhism。

The "Sutra" here is naturally the result of Tibetanization after the study of Tibetan great sages of all dynasties，The content is placed in "Benefiting Others" and is different bet365 code inner meaning、"Danzhuer" talks about the Yin Ming bet365 code Five Ming Dynasties, which is also juxtaposed with the Inner Ming Dynasty。As mentioned before，Photography is a sign of the Sinicization of Tibetan Buddhist theory，The question is how to understand the Buddhist theoretical issues in photography？We interpret it from three aspects。First，After all, the Tibetan theory of Samatha is interpreted with Dharmakti’s Seven Samatha as its core，Dharma weighing theory comes from Chen Na’s thought，Chenna’s thoughts originated from Vasubandhu，This system belongs to the Yogacara school。For example，About the heart from "Enlightenment of Yinmingxue"、Discussion of mental factors，There is a tendency to learn from Vasubandhu，Today’s quotation is as evidence: “Repeatedly，Perception，It is divided into two types: the king of mind and the state of mind。It is said that the main distinguishing features are based on the attachment to one's own environment，For the nature of the King of Heart。Heart King、心，meaning、Consciousness (soul) etc. are synonymous。Divided bet365 code self-nature gate，From eye consciousness to the six consciousnesses in consciousness，Photograph，It is summarized into two categories: root consciousness and consciousness...it is said that the method of differentiation is based on the self-condition，Return to the self-responsive heart king, and then all the family members say goodbye。For the nature of the mind。…The King of Heart and the Mental Factors，Although the name is different，ERTI Shiyi，The person who is not born from another body，As "Kusha Lun" says: "The body is one, the mind is the same、There are five corresponding meanings。...The mental state is divided into fifty-one types，It is called the five universal elements，Five different realms，Good Eleven，Fundamental Troubles Six，Twenty troubles，Variable four。"The quotations here include the Six Heart Kings mentioned in "Kosashastra"，Different bet365 code Eight Heart Kings of Consciousness-Only Learning；The fifty-one mental factors are the same as those classified in the book "Baifa Mingmen Lun" of consciousness-only theory。Second，The Sinicization of Tibetan Theory of Tradition shows the characteristics of Tibetanization，That is, gathering the meridian department、Sarvastivada、Mesocosm、The ideological content of Yogacara，This can be evidenced bet365 code classification of “real quantity” by different schools mentioned in "Yinmingxue Enlightenment"，Quotation: "Sarvastivada"，Sutra Sutra Sutta Madhyamika Sutra，Yingcheng faction，For cash，Only five actual values ​​are allowed，Meaning quantity，Yoga current amount，No self-certification is allowed。Jingbu division，Weijiajia，Yoga Madhyamaka Sutra，For cash，Xu has five current levels，Meaning quantity，Self-proven quantity，Four kinds of yoga methods。”In this text，Explained the four types of cash quantities，At the same time, the Yingcheng sect and others are also discussed positively in Tibetan Samatha。According to "Abhidharmakusa" translated by Xuanzang of Tang Dynasty，This work is a very systematic explanation of the theory of the Four Noble Truths，Including ninth grade，Among them, "Distinguishing Worlds" involves the five aggregates、Twelve places、Eighteen Realms，"Dividing Roots" involves twenty-two roots、Five-digit seventy-five methods、Six reasons、Four Fate、Five Fruits，"The Differentiation of Worlds" explains the truth of suffering，"Jinjing karma" and "Jinsui sleep" explain the truth of cessation, and "Jinjing sage" explains the truth of cessation，"Dividing Wisdom and Quality" and "Dividing Dingpin" explain the truth of Tao，"Breaking the Self" talks about "all dharmas have no self"。Why Tibetan temple lamas study "Kushashastra"，The author guesses，Dharmakīrti's "The Theory of Sutra" "Establishing the Quality of Sustainability" is written bet365 code Four Noble Truths，Studying "Kushashastra" may serve the understanding and interpretation of Dharmakīrti's "Shishashastra"。Third，Photography is the whole，Based on quantity theory，The implicit content involved serves the construction of the quantitative theory system。

Research on the history of logic is different bet365 code research on innovative logic theory，The latter can continue to study a certain theory of the predecessors，Propose a new theoretical system，The history of logic must be written with reasons。

　 (The author is bet365 code Institute of Logic and Cognition, Sun Yat-sen University、Professor of the Department of Philosophy)