13th century is the peak of traditional Chinese calculation of mathematics development，In the column equation、Solution、Mathematical textization and symbolization have achieved epoch -making achievements。Among many brilliant counted stars，Qin Jiushao is undoubtedly a very prominent one，Qin's book "Nine Books Nine Chapters" is also recognized by the academic community as a famous article in the history of Chinese mathematics。

Qin Jiu Shao，Word Road Ancient，Sichuan from the Song Dynasty。In the first year of Jiading (1208), Born in Puzhou (now Anyue, Sichuan)，Four years of Xianchun (1268) died in Meizhou, Guangdong。According to the Qin's "Nine Books Nine" from the preface: "Early year -old servant，Due to the visit to Tai Shi，Taste the math from the hidden gentleman。"Jiu Shao's father Qin Jihuan is a Song Dynasty official，At one time in Beijing，Jiu Shao with the left and right，I can learn from Taishi。Ancient Tai Shi not only remember personnel，More experience method。The most important mathematical achievement in the "Nine Chapter" of Qin's "Nine Chapters" -Dasan Total Division (that is, the so -called "Chinese Remaining theorem today") really comes from Tai Shi。Study by Mr. Qian Baozheng (1892-1974)，Since bet365 best casino games the Han Dynasty, Chinese calendarists have solved the primary Yuan (that is, the starting point of the calendar)，You need to find the same as the equation group。Mr. Li Jimin (1938-1993) pointed out through research，Calendar is the core procedure of the total number of Dasan's total number of Dasan，is Da Yan for a surgery，instead of total surgery。Qin Jiushao's self -preface: "The independent derivation method does not contain" Nine Chapter "，Those who have no ability to push，The Family Performing Fabile is quite useful，Those who think of the equation，Error。"The so -called equation，According to today's words, the linear equation group (in "Nine Chapters Arithmetic")，Therefore, the Qin family pointed out that the family mistakenly put the big derivation equation。Therefore，The academic community once believed that Qin Zhiyun，distinguish the equation from Dan Yan。The author has re -examined the equation based on the original literature in recent years，"Nine Chapters Arithmetic" equation can indeed be used to solve the Yuanyuan，Therefore, there is no mistake in the family of the family。Qin's in order to highlight his personal contribution，After the improvement of the family equation，Rename it Danyan。This approach actually broke the Supreme Yuan algorithm only taught between the masters and apprentices、Umails with no book。

The so -called Dan Yan，Its name actually comes from "Zhou Yi" 筮 "Da Yan'bet365 live casino games s number 50，It has forty nine "。According to Qin Jiushao's self -preface: "Holy Da Yan，Weiyu in "Yi"。"" Nine Chapters of Digital Books "The first question" 蓍 卦 "is to interpret the" Zhou Yi "Dan Yan method with the total number of Dasan。Qin's mainly lives in the Song Lizong era，Taoism prevails at the time，Qin's is also affected by this atmosphere，To calculate the learning to attach easy learning。In short，Qin's acquisition of the equation of the family from Tai Shi，and improve it; for the sake of "Zhou Yi"，renamed Dan Yan，Further calculation as a grass，Da Yan Note "Zhou Yi"。Qin family is extremely high，The design of its "蓍" is extremely clever (one of the answers to this question for this)，But still missed the marks of the fabrication (that is, several so -called obtains a number one by one，Answer Number，How to ask for it later)。Therefore, Zhiyun, the Supreme Museum of the Qing Dynasty: "(Qin Jiu Shao) wants to change the method of" Zhouyi "with new surgery，Su Guo Guyi。”

The purpose of Qin Jiushao is to "enter the Tao"。According to Qin's self -order cloud: "In the inter -time di，Lianshao Saida，Don’t be free between Yagasi，Tasting danger and worrying，荏苒 Shi Shi。Hearts，Nobelfish is not countless。It is free，Before the side of the side，Exploring 杳 Miao，Rough if you have it。"，Song Lizong Duanping Two years (1235) Mongolians attack Shu，"Di Jiang" means this。From Duanping bet365 live casino games two years to Chunyou for more than ten years，Qin's has several low -level official positions，Sui "Hearts Falling"，But this is also an important period for its accumulation of mathematical knowledge。Chunyou four years (1244)，The court recruited folk people to change the calendar; the same year，Qin mother died，Jiu Shao Ding mother worried about returning to Huzhou to keep filial piety。During this period，Qin's "accumulate more and cherish its abandonment，Due to 81 Questions，Category nine categories，Establishment of Grass，Send it to "，From Chunyou's seven years, the "Nine Books Nine Chapter"。The second year after the book is completed，Song Ting once again recruited folks to change calendar，Jiu Shao "Recommended in the DPRK with a calendar，，There are drafts and "Mathematics Reliers" "(Song Zhou secret)。Therefore，It is likely that the Qin family will enter the court in the court。Unfortunately，It is difficult to see the influence of Qin Jiushao from "Song History · Lawli" (the Qin family learned).。But Qin will promote，Shi Ren Tibetan scholar Chen Zhensun once had a face -to -face communication，The level of the calendar is very praised，Cloud "Qin Bo Xue Multi -Energy，You Sui calendar。All the calendars in the near world，Early urgency。Early urgency，Also known for its words cloud "。

Qin Jiushao completed the "Nine Chapters of Digital Books"，"Polaris Grass，Send it to "，Never bet365 live casino games expected this is the biggest achievement in mathematics。Qin's expressed numbers with chips，Then connect digital expression operations with lines in the calculation diagram。I analyze 726 connection in the picture of Qin Shu Zhao Bank.，Total 700 connections to express addition, subtraction and multiplication operations，And more than 90%of them have a unified writing rules，That is, the first end of the two numbers of the single wave wave，Table multiplication; Single deficiency line connects the first tail of two numbers，Table removal method; dual -line connection two counts of tail，Table plus method; single real line connects two counts of tail，Table subtraction。From this，Qin actually establishes a set of addition, subtraction and multiplication symbol of Chinese mathematics。From the perspective of the history of world mathematics，The symbolization and text of mathematics are the only way for ancient mathematics to lead to modern mathematics (such as the symbolization process in the Renaissance during the Renaissance)，Therefore, Qin's does，Actually, the great process of changing Chinese mathematics to modern mathematics。

Liu Kezhuang (1187-1269) of Qin Jiushao's contemporary "Payment of Qin Jiu Shao Zhi Linjiang Army" Yun Qin's "Storm Like Tiger Wolf，Poisonous like snake scorpion "，And the cloud "The people are not filial, unjust, and not uncomfortable"，Late Zhou Mi said, "Happy luxury，Adventure to the Bet365 app download body "。These negative evaluations of Qin's character have been circulating so far，Therefore academic circles have always thought，It is necessary to separate learning and character for Qin.。In recent years，Mr. Guo Shuchun wrote many times，I think Liu Kezhuang、Zhou Mi and Qin Jiushao are actually political enemies，Its remarks are not faithful; then the nine sections of the Qin's "Nine Chapters of Digital Books" are evidence，Explain that the Qin family is actually patriotic and loved the people、Consumers who advocate the implementation of benevolence。but，Since Liu、Zhou Zhi's remarks are unbelievable，Why is Qin's self -argument be credible? Qian Baodi believes that Liu Kezhuang discussed "all the facts can be taught，Not empty slander "，I think this is more fair。Actually，Qin's life deeds that have nothing to do with mathematical achievements are not the focus of the academic circles，and the equation from its reform is Dasan、Jiu Zhou Yi "Zhou Yi"，Judging from the court again，It is indeed "happy and luxurious，Adventure to the body "。Qin's super aggressive heart is used in scientific research，Although it is good，But use it for other aspects，It may be difficult to avoid。Therefore，I think，The discussion of the quality of the Qin's character should be transformed into a portrayal of its personality characteristics，Fang is the direction of this issue for future discussions。

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