Qin Jiushao "Nine Chapter Nine" (also known as "Mathematics Ninth Chapter")，Southern Song Chunyou Seven Years (1247) Book，is one of the most important mathematics works in Chinese history。The book was rare in 600 years after this book came out，Almost annihilated。During the Qianlong period, "Four Treasury Books"，From the "Yongle Ceremony", "Nine Chapter of Mathematics" (1784)。This book has been circulated after this book gradually wide，Qian Daxin、Li Rui、Gu Guangyi and other famous masters have attention，or verify the author，or explore ancient calculations。Daoguang Year，"Nine Chapters of Digital Books" was published for the first time (1842)，Among them, the outstanding mathematics achievements are soon attracted to the attention of Western scholars。Since the 20th century，"Nine Chapters of Digital Books" already belongs to the core historical materials of Chinese mathematics history research。The twists and turns of Qin Jiushao's works，Can be described as the epitome of the bet365 Play online games 13th century Song and Yuan Mathematics Essence。

"Nine Chapters of Digital Books" was originally known as "Digital" (according to "Zhizhai Book Record Question")。Qin Jiushao divided the number of surgery into two parts: internal and external calculations，Inside the calculation includes the calculation of the "Zhou Yi" and the calendar，Foreign calculation covers traditional calculations represented by "Nine Chapters Arithmetic"。Qin Jiushao's most important mathematics achievement -Dasan total number (the so -called "Chinese remaining theorem") is used to find the year -old years。However, 33 years after Qin Shu came out，Yuan to Zheng 17 years (1280)，Guo Shoujing completed the "Time Calendar"，Abolishment of Shangyuan Jian。Therefore, the three generations of the Yuan and Qing Dynasties did not involve the problem of Shangyuan，Dasan's total number of techniques has lost the practical function of the calculation of the calendar。

The "Yongle Ceremony" compiled the "Yongle Ceremony" in the early Ming Dynasty to copy the Qin book.，The basis for the basics of the Mingwen Yuan Pavilion，Southern Song or Yuan Dynasty manuscript，Title "Mathematics Nine Chapter"。It is two hundred years in the last two bet365 live casino games hundred years，Qin Shu has not been circulated in the people。In the end of Wanli，Shanyin Wang should borrow the copy of the Wenyuan Pavilion in Beijing。44 years of Wanli (1616)，Librar Zhao Qimei and Wang Ying should choose the copy of the manuscript，It is the Qin Shu Zhao manuscript，Title "Nine Chapter Nine Chapter"，Today's National Library。Mingshiyuan Pavilion Old Tibetan Tibetan Registration、Wang Yingjin's manuscript has been lost。Insigned "Yongle Ceremony"，Qin Shu only has three questions。Siku's Department of Qing Dynasty，and change more。Zhao Qimei's manuscript is complete for the beginning and tail，The closest to Qin Shu's original appearance。The significant special feature of Zhao copy is in the attached line of calculation，Expressing the calculation process。"Yongle Ceremony" remains the line of Qinshu.，The evidence can be connected as the old trace of Mingyuan Pavilion Tibetan manuscript。

During the Qianlong period, the "Siku Quanshu"，Dai Zhen、Chen Jixin et al. Seveled "Mathematics Nine Chapter" from "Yongle Ceremony"，The premise of the book should be said "，Different from those who sparse，Turninger，Each additional case is below "。Actual changes bet365 best casino games are often changed，No instructions。The order of each question is reuse，Most of the original books are different。For example，According to Zhao Qimei's manuscript，The total number of Dasan contained in Qin Shu was part of the first question "蓍 卦 发 微" answer，It is used to explain Qin's so -called "Holy Great Dean，Weiyu in "Yi" "。Siku Pavilion ministers from the perspective of the universality of mathematics，Imagine that the law should be a chief of Dasan category nine questions，Then the total number of Dasan is placed in the first volume of the first volume，Actually destroying the structure of "蓍"。Another example，Seeking number method in the total number of Dasan，Qin Shu has the word "Johphon Ton"，It is one of the Qin's four dollars of approximation methods，Strange Puppet refers to a single double。Siku Museum ministers believe that this strange even is by no means a single double，and even later generations scholars do not take the original meaning。other，In the middle of the Qing Dynasty，For a long time for calculation, it has been replaced by abacus。Four Kuoguan ministers may not understand the calculation significance of Qin Shu's calculation and connection，Nai changes the calculation chart，Bet365 app download Delete connection。The academic circles have long -term contributions to Qin Shu's mathematics and textalization.，Dang Dang related to Siku。

Daoguang 22 years (1842)，Shanghai librarian Yu Songnian will include "Nine Books Nine Chapter" "Yi Jiatang Series"，Qin Shu published for the first time and published。Yijiantangben is known as Zhao Qimei's manuscript (actually as a copy of Zhao's manuscript) as the main background，However, it is likely to be affected by the Siku system，There is no connection in the book in the book。1852，Alexander Wylie, a British who lives in Shanghai, published English notes，Introduction Qin Jiushao "Nine Chapter Nine Chapter"，Compared with the total number of Dasan and the Indian Kuttaka Method (Kuttaka Method)，Starting interest in the European academic community。1874，German physicist Ludwig Matthiessen refers to the text of Weilie Alex，Prove that the total number of Dasan is equivalent to the Carl Friedrich Gauss method。As a result, some mathematicians believe that the Qin method is hundreds of years earlier than the similar algorithms in Europe，"Dasan Total Spell" is also named "China Remaining theorem"。The above studies are referring to Yijiatangben，Interpretation from the Bet365 lotto review perspective of modern mathematics，I did not try to explore、Understand Qin Shu's algorithm implementation process。

Before the 20th century，Li Yan、Qian Baodi and other scholars have created the study of Chinese mathematics history in modern sense。The total reference version and focus on the research of "Nine Chapter Nine" in Yijiatang Ben and Dasan。Since the 1980s，The research of mathematician Wu Wenjun and others further portrayed the structural and mechanized characteristics of the Qin Jiu Shao algorithm。Research on the connection of Zhao Qimei and Qin Shu in recent years，Start exploring the characteristics of mathematics and symbolization of "Nine Books Nine Chapters"，helps to thoroughly understand the mathematical implementation of Qin Jiushao，important changes in mathematics during the Song and Yuan Dynasties。

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