Since the 20th century，With the continuous deepening of scientific philosophical research，Scientific interpretation is no longer pure objectivity，to a certain extent is strategy、Combination of argument and rhetoric skills。With the development of vague logic and contextualism，Rhetoric explanation is different from traditional persuasion methods，I did not ignore the scientific and rational spirit，Forms the logic of the characteristic domain surface and the judgment logic of the overall angle，Gradually constructed a scientific rhetoric explanation with the characteristics of rhetoric。

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Vague logic is based on the multi -value logic of mathematics，Application of fuzzy set and fuzzy reason，Research on the logic of the logic displayed in the vague thinking represented by language laws。With the progress of natural science，Classic dual -value logic does not meet the actual phenomenon description and operation process。such as，There is a "superposition state" between this state of signs in quantum mechanics，and in a more complex quantum measurement context，The principle of uncertainty，These cannot rely on the logic of the two -value logic for a complete explanation。Zade promotes the general collection to a fuzzy collection in a certain range through the way of increasing the critical point，and use the "affiliate" function to describe the vague relationship between the element and the collection。Vague logic updates scientific methodology，The actual reasoning process and method that can be more accurate and close to the actual reasoning of cognitive subjects，Make it from accuracy Bet365 app download to fuzzy、Determination to non -confirmed research becomes possible，Make the complexity and blur of the explanation level of linguistics become possible。

The scientific interpretation process must be except to follow a certain logical rule，For how to screen the data element、Judging the application effect of the corresponding relationship，Participate in context factors。First，Scientific research needs to give a context as a premise。such as，Due to the limitations and differences of the environment and tools，There must be errors in scientific measurement，To give a certain context standard when answering questions such as the answer to the question "Effective measurement of the error rate within the range of how many areas is experimentally measured"。Another example，The amount of the same symbol in classic physics and quantum mechanics is different。Next，Scientific explanation can generate transmission in the adjacent context。such as，Newton discovered and derived the law of gravitational gravity, explained the tidal phenomenon，Since then，Euler, Marklain and others used the laws of gravity to further explain the difference between level and vertical direction of tidal strength and the changes in the sphere。again，Beyond the explanation context, it will not produce an effective explanation。such as，Use the "Help of Aliens" to answer the construction problem of the pyramid，It can be understood that alien power is likely to build a building that cannot be constructed by the level of human technology at that time，But this surpasses the scope of explanation we can be convinced，Therefore, it cannot prove its credibility。

　　2，Specifically，The logic characteristics of the explanation of the explanation of scientific rhetoric are reflected in the filtering and selection of the explanation of the elements、The construction and expression of theory，Depending on the true value of the element、Theme correlation and verbal effect。

1. The true value load。Description language of the phenomenon for facts，To determine whether to describe、Carrying、Connect the correct or real information。It will generate possible true value domains in the explanation of scientific rhetoric，Anyone in the acceptable range，It can be accepted。This can be used to explain complex、Anti -conventional scientific phenomenon。such as，The old theoretical paradigm in the history of science is still regarded as the context of the context at the time、Explanation with certain rationality and value。More，Matthew effect indicates，When experiments or assumes that are proposed or supported by well -known scientists，It will get the credit that surpass its own value in advance。such as，Planck and Einstein proposed the thermodynamic relationship formula，until more than half a century later，Otley's research later made scientists acknowledge the imperfect formula。

2. Theme correlation。The answer to scientific issues must be clearly correlated with the interpretation theme to make sense。Phenomenon is the performance of the real thing in the real world，and fact is a functional description of the phenomenon。Can not directly understand the explanation element as a phenomenon or fact in the explanation of the rhetoric，but emphasize the correlation of the elements and them。If the explanation elements directly point to the phenomenon or fact state，You cannot further build an interpretation behavior。such as，In the "Double Setting Interference Experiment" of light，"When we measure the position of the electrons，It originally collapsed according to the probability distribution at the same time according to the probability distribution of Xue Dingzhang's fluctuation equation ... "This is an explanation。And directly bet365 best casino games answered that the electron passed a certain seam，It can only be called measuring behavior rather than interpretation behavior。

3. Erotic effect。The verbal effect in the explanation、Interpreted object、Explain the context dependence of elements, etc.，and the interpreter、The interpreter and their cognition background、Personal belief、Social situation、Practical experience and other factors in the interpretation process。This requires the word formation of rhetoric in the explanation，Significant interpretation of its semantics，and use the preset to help the interpreter obtain appropriate understanding in different contexts。such as，The length of the shadow is related to the location of the sun in the sky。But when the local time is the same，The length of the shadow on different latitude is different，and even the same place，When we push the sun's height angle from the length of the shadow length，It is also necessary to consider the context of the morning and afternoon。

From this，We can have to choose the rules of explaining the elements under the conditions of the context，The logic of the interpretation of scientific rhetoric: under the conditions of giving attributive context，T is the explanation element that conforms to logical specifications，When T only do what T is in this range，and T related to the research theme，And T has a good effect in the current context。

　　third，Judgment logic research on the explanation of scientific rhetoric is the study of scientific interpretation effect。Scientific philosophers have brought about the effectiveness conversion problem between explanation caused by scientific rhetoric to a certain extent。

Judgment logic of traditional scientific interpretation depends on whether the interpreter properly described and answered properly and correctly，But there is limitations。First，​​Lifnoral use of the interpretation bet365 live casino games process，Can't correctly examine the meaning of the paradigm that has been eliminated by the scientific revolution。The Copenic Revolution proves that the effectiveness of the theory is limited by the context.，Paradis changes and the irresponsibleness that is generated by it restricted the effectiveness of the explanation。Kun proposes the possibility of rhetoric in the "Structure of the Scientific Revolution" for solving the problem of general difficulties，After that, the scientific rhetoric proved "Any scientific research that ignored rhetoric analysis is incomplete to a certain extent"。Next，The role of the interpreter will produce the interpretation bias。According to Austin's speech behavior theory，Language use process contains the literal behavior of words、Passing the main behavior of the main purpose of the main body、Acts after the words that produce discourse。If the scientific interpretation is understood as a communication with doubt (answering questions)，It is a behavioral behavior; if it is understood as a communication with persuasion (answering questions and changing the state of the interpreter)，It is the behavior after words。Scientific interpretation has long been considered to be based on the behavior of outside words，That is, experience knowledge does not require audience participation，For example, scientists complete scientific experiments。But the scientific interpretation is not simply constructed by observation data，Instead, there are multiple hidden audiences。If you do not consider audience factors，The traditional scientific interpretation can be expressed as: the interpreter uses the explanation element to explain the interpreter，to achieve the purpose of explanation。

In fact, this confuses the two clues of the interpretation process。First, contact with the interpreter with the interpretation，That Bet365 lotto review is, he gives the theory to answer questions; second, he contacts the interpreter，Make it a new understanding and understanding。The former is the correctness of the inspection explanation，The latter is the validity of the inspection，A missing one is indispensable。Therefore, scientific rhetoric is focused on a given context，Logic rules that are based on the actual language of the interpretation object with the interaction of the interpretation object with the interaction of the interpretation object。

From the perspective of rhetoric explanation, you need to consider the following problems。First, the rhetoric persuasion effect problem。Scientific rhetoric thinking，Explanation effectiveness is the persuasion effect of explanation，Successful explanation must have a practical impact on the interpreter。The second is the problem of intent。Scientific interpretation requires the consistency of the intentional characteristics of the two parties to achieve a certain degree to complete。such as，Students firmly believe that the professor gives the correct explanation，So I accepted it without understanding。Third is the issue of context。Contextual context makes the interpreter have similar understanding; opposite，Different context conditions will produce different explanations of the same thing。such as，Physicists use the shell atomic model and liquid droplet atomic model to illustrate the internal structure and nature of the atomic nucleus，The former is suitable for explaining separate particle movements in the atomic nucleus，The latter has a better explanation effect on the overall image of atomic fission。Model use depends on the judgment of scientists explaining the effectiveness of its explanation in the context of the state.。

In short，In the explanation of scientific rhetoric，The interpreter by giving the answer，Provide a certain logical rule、F facts and evidence information，Construction bet365 best casino games in the explanation element、Contact between the interpreted objects，Bring the interpreter into a vast explanation context，Here is a factor that he is familiar and willing，Finally, he never knows and does not understand the state to turn to know and understand the state。Therefore, the general mode of scientific rhetoric explanation can be expressed as: under the conditions of provider context，Interpreter gives answers，explained to the interpreter why there is this phenomenon，to help him get understanding of the object of the interpretation。

　　(Author Unit: School of Marxism, Yantai University)