In daily life，We sometimes have the experience that when certain body parts are touched by others, they will feel itchy and make people laugh，This feeling will be reduced a lot when you touch it。This phenomenon is called bet365 bonus code louisiana in science，It is an adaptation mechanism formed by humans during the long-term biological evolution。The bet365 bonus code louisiana effect is also considered an important principle in perception，To potentially regulate various important functions。For example，bet365 bonus code louisiana can serve as a mediator to differentiate between self-induced perceptual stimuli and those caused by external factors，To maximize the protection of individuals from external stimuli。But in some mental disorder groups (especially schizophrenia patients)，Due to lack of bet365 bonus code louisiana，Individuals tend to believe that their own actions are initiated by others，Unable to correctly self-attribute the corresponding behavior，Thus leading to the emergence of psychotic symptoms。

　　Psychological research on bet365 bonus code louisiana.bet365 bonus code louisiana refers to the sensory results induced by external stimulation compared with the results，The sensory consequences of self-generated actions produce weaker neural responses，Reporting a weaker intensity experience at the subjective perceptual level。1971，Research findings by Lawrence Weiskrantz and others，When the experimenter or the subject himself applies tactile stimulation of equal intensity to the soles of the feet in the experiment，There are differences in the degree of itch experienced by subjects。Specifically，Compared to externally (i.e., subject) applied tactile stimulation，The subjects experienced lower levels of itch when the stimulation was applied by themselves，Worse perceptual sensitivity。In addition，When the subject grabs the experimenter’s hand and applies tactile stimulation to the soles of his feet，Although the itching sensation experienced was not as strong as when the experimenter applied it independently，But it doesn’t feel as flat as when it is self-inflicted。Researchers think，The reason why this phenomenon occurs，Maybe it’s because of the bet365 bonus code louisiana effect。

bet365 bonus code louisiana includes the attenuation of the intensity of perception at the perceptual level，Also includes weakening of cortical responses at the neural level。Degree of bet365 bonus code louisiana，The subjective perception intensity of the sensory results caused by voluntary actions can be compared with the sensory results caused by external stimuli，Perform quantitative measurements。When an action is issued by self，Due to the presence of outgoing copies in the nervous system，Individuals can predict the sensory consequences of their actions。It is this prediction effect that leads to the reduction in the intensity of perception experienced by the individual，The phenomenon of bet365 bonus code louisiana occurs。This explains why touching certain parts of our bodies by others causes a tickling sensation and makes people laugh，This feeling will weaken a lot when you touch it。

The Force-matching task is a classic experimental paradigm to study bet365 bonus code louisiana in the tactile channel，The experimental instrument is a force actuator。The force actuator consists of a lever attached to a torque motor，The torque motor is controlled by computer，The sensor at the end of the lever is used to measure the force exerted on the subject's finger。The experiment requires the subject to match the target force exerted by the previous force actuator on the subject's left index finger under two conditions。In finger (active) condition，The subject applied force directly to the lever with his left index finger，Press your right index finger；In slider (passive) condition，The subject applied force indirectly to the right index finger by sliding a linear potentiometer that controlled the torque motor。Results found，The subject’s hand will exert greater force on the right index finger under the active condition。In comparison，When the individual matches the force indirectly to a linear potentiometer，The perceived intensity experienced by the subjects is accurate。

Later，Some researchers also discovered the phenomenon of bet365 bonus code louisiana in the auditory channel，The experimental paradigm is bet365 bonus code louisiana of auditory action-effect。The experiment requires subjects to judge which one is louder, the standard tone or the comparison tone, under two conditions。The standard tone is triggered by the subject's active button pressing or presented by the computer，The comparison sound is generated by computer。Under operating conditions，After the subject actively presses the button, a standard tone will appear，The comparison tone appears after a random time interval (800-1200ms)。And under observation conditions，The standard tone is generated by computer。Result display，The subjects believed that the passive (computer) presented sounds were louder than the sounds triggered by active key presses。In other words，Under operating conditions，The subject experienced a bet365 bonus code louisiana effect。

　Brain research on bet365 bonus code louisiana.Thoughts by Patrick Haggard and Ben Whitford，The supplementary motor area (SMA) is the main brain structure of the motor system，No supplementary motor area exists，Sensory decay will not occur。Itzhak Fried et al. and Haggard et al. used transcranial magnetic stimulation respectively，Conduct an experiment to disrupt the brain activity of the subject’s supplementary motor area before the action begins。The results show，Regardless of whether the stimulus is self-generated or caused by an external object，Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (single-pulse TMS) of the supplementary motor area disrupts bet365 bonus code louisiana。

In addition，To investigate the hypothesis that the somatosensory cortex and cerebellum are involved in regulating self-generated touch，Sarah-Jayne Blakemore et al. use functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the neural basis of self- and externally generated tactile stimulation。Results found，bet365 bonus code louisiana may be mediated by somatosensory cortex and anterior cingulate cortex，These areas are less activated by self-generated tactile stimuli than by the same stimuli that are externally generated。When an individual experiences externally generated tactile stimulation，Increased activity in secondary somatosensory cortex and anterior cingulate。In comparison，The right anterior cerebellar cortex is selectively activated by spontaneous movements that generate tactile stimulation，In addition，Can also be significantly activated through externally generated tactile stimulation。This shows，The cerebellum differentiates between actions based on their specific sensory consequences。When the actual sensory feedback of the action matches the predicted sensory feedback，Cerebellar activity will be reduced。In other words，One of the functions of the cerebellum is to compare the expected response to a stimulus with the actual response。If these two responses match，The cerebellum activates a mechanism to inhibit the effects of stimulation，The end result is reduced activity in the somatosensory cortex，Consequent attenuation of self-generated motor sensory results。

　Comparator Model (Comparator Model) or forward model，is the earliest model used to explain bet365 bonus code louisiana。The comparator model is used to simulate various aspects of the external world and motion systems，To capture the causal relationship between actions and their consequences，Predict the sensory results of actions based on motor commands。Specifically，The efference copy of a motor command can predict the sensory consequences of an ongoing motor behavior，Then compare this prediction to the actual sensory feedback from the action。Since the sensory consequences of self-generated actions can be correctly predicted on the basis of motor commands (i.e. there is little or no significant difference between predicted sensory feedback and actual sensory feedback)，Such precise predictions can be used to reduce the intensity of the sensory consequences of self-generated actions，That causes bet365 bonus code louisiana。Opposite，The externally generated sense is not associated with any outgoing copy，Therefore cannot be predicted by the comparator model。

　　Applications for bet365 bonus code louisiana research.In clinical aspects，Research by Sukhi Shergill et al.，There may be dysfunction in self-monitoring in patients with schizophrenia，Defects specifically manifested in sensory prediction，This defect will lead to the failure of the bet365 bonus code louisiana mechanism。And Blackmore、Axel Lindner and others believe，Defects in sensory prediction in schizophrenia patients are responsible for the emergence of psychotic symptoms such as delusions of control。In addition，Research by Shergill et al. also shows that，There is no significant correlation between the degree of attenuation exhibited by patients and the use of psychotropic drugs (chlorpromazine-type drugs，But individual stability、Trait-like characteristics。Accordingly，We can deduce，The failure of bet365 bonus code louisiana mechanism may be used as a physiological symptom to identify schizophrenia disorder。

Future，We can use imaging technology to track the neural mechanisms corresponding to its predicted defects in clinical treatment，Thus supplementing research on psychiatric patients。At the same time，In the rehabilitation treatment of schizophrenia patients，In addition to current medication and psychotherapy，There is a greater need for external intervention in patients’ supplementary motor area and cerebellum。We can do it through acupuncture、Intervention methods such as electrical stimulation bet365 bonus code louisiana cerebellum，Enable the cerebellum of schizophrenia patients to accurately predict action results，To correctly attribute behavior，Improving the control of psychotic symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations。

In terms of behavioral training，Although bet365 bonus code louisiana can help individuals highlight salient events in the external world，Enhancing human ability to detect changes in the external environment，But this ability is limited to the sensory results of self-generated actions。In future research，We can predict sensory feedback through training，Enable individuals to accurately predict the sensory results caused by external stimuli in some specific situations，Attenuate the sensory results of self-generated behaviors and externally induced behaviors to the same intensity。Specifically，For specific behavior，An individual’s accuracy in predicting the outcome of a specific event can be improved through four weeks or more of working memory training。In training based on working memory，Individuals will retain the characteristics of information during repeated information searches，Then through the re-knowledge of working memory、Recognize，Let this information recognition pattern be recorded in the individual's mind。When the individual encounters similar stimuli in the future，You can accurately predict the sensory results of actions，Thus causing bet365 bonus code louisiana。

In addition，The current rapid development of artificial intelligence is profoundly changing human production and lifestyle and the development model of society。Brain-inspired research serves as an important breakthrough for the development of artificial intelligence from "weak" to "strong"，has become the forefront of technological development and industrial innovation。Future brain-like intelligent robots must have basic brain cognitive functions and a sense of autonomy，It may be necessary to have brain areas corresponding to the neural mechanisms of bet365 bonus code louisiana，Promptly attribute actions，Distinguish between self-generated stimuli and external stimuli，This may improve the intelligence of the robot，Form multimodal perception and human-like thinking。

　　(Author’s Affiliation: School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University)