In recent years，Based on the Internet、Data mining technologies for cloud computing and other data have become an important driving force for social development，In response to the complex situation、Development of scientific decisions、Provide high -quality services and other aspects to show unique unique advantages，This makes the importance of big data more prominent。At the same time，Development and application of big data related technologies，Also in privacy protection、Data neutral、Digital gaps and other aspects bring some new ethical problems。Actively deal with big data ethics problems，Moving the moral significance of related technologies to achieve a virtuous cycle，So as to promote the development of the overall well -being of human beings，The key to our ethical reflection on big data。

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Big data related technologies while improving production and living efficiency，It also makes the entire society rapid data。The production of data、Collect、mining、Use in the process of use，A series of big data ethics issues also follow。

First is the issue of privacy protection。A big dilemma faced by big data ethics is，Related technologies in politics、Economy、Culture、Society、Application in various fields such as ecology，It is necessary to use open sharing as the basic concept and rules，This also brings ethical problems in personal privacy and security protection。From the perspective of ethics，Privacy is the unwillingness to resort to public society or knows to others in private life、Intervention situation and situation。This can be seen，Personal privacy mainly involves the boundary division of the boundary between the private sector and the public field。Under the background of big data，The collection and processing of personal information is the two bet365 live casino games main aspects of privacy ethics。In terms of personal information collection，​​The emergence of privacy risks mainly comes from video surveillance、Real -time monitoring of individual behavior such as network monitoring，This is mainly because the collection process of monitoring personal information is often not known for being monitored.。For example，School、Hospital、Government、Enterprises and other students collected through various platforms、Patient、Citizen、Various data from consumers, etc.，Did they violate their personal privacy? also，Package of personal information of massive fragmented personal information、Comparison、Analysis, etc.，It may also cause threats and damage to personal privacy。Originally separated、Unrelated small data，Processing、Reorganization、Edit and other series of processing processes，Its value of its own value will generate an important change from quantitative to qualitative change，Big data composed of its combination can also depict personal characteristics、Identity、Habit, etc.，And here is likely that someone does not want to disclose personal privacy information。

The second is the problem of data neutral。Data is those facts that can be processed by manual or automated means、Concepts and instructions for representations，It is a variety of calculations、Research or design values，Including numbers、Character、symbol、chart, etc.。Big data itself is objective and neutral，But in data processing and use may also produce non -neutral results，This is mainly because there are various human subjective factors in this process。Today's explosive growth of data，It is because people have deviations in the process of using technology，Only will cause ethical issues such as algorithm discrimination to continue to occur。For example，Algorithm recommendation is increasingly mature with the rapid development of big data and artificial intelligence，bet365 live casino games But it will inevitably bring ethical problems of prejudice and discrimination。In real life，Like some "recommendation" pages in some online shopping platforms or "red envelopes", "coupon", etc.，Usually obtained through personalized recommendation algorithms。In essence,，Algorithm design is purposeful and values，It reflects the intention and choice of the design subject。Therefore，The algorithm is based on the gap between the rich and the poor、Gender differences、Comprehensive mastery of information such as health status，Can be personalized、Recommend related products or services in differentiation，But it will also lead to unfairness at the level of information mastery between different groups，Even algorithm discrimination such as "big data killing" appears。

Three is the problem of digital gap。Digital gap is a new social fairness issue produced in the digital era。Digital gap in the traditional sense，Mainly refers to people in the data that data can be matched、Data Application、Data analysis and other aspects there are huge differences in using digital technology，It is manifested as a group of groups that can better acquire and use digital technology，But it is difficult for another group to obtain and use digital technology。Digital technology resources generated by digital gaps are unbalanced problems，will gradually cause group contradictions and social injustice。In the background of big data，With the popularity of the mobile Internet，Digital gap and social fairness caused by it，It is no longer mainly manifested in the availability of digital technology，Instead, it has become increasingly evolved into data gap，Concentrated manifestations of knowledge、Technology、Skills gap caused by factors such as economic and other factors、Value Honggou, etc.。Some government departments、Enterprise、Scientific research institutions, etc.，It can be easier to obtain and use data，Data excavation、Calculation、Bet365 lotto review Storage、Transmission, etc. to master individual behavior in society，and ordinary people are difficult to get huge high -quality data。More，Even if the public has successfully obtained a lot of high -quality data，There are also many people who do not have the skills to analyze various complex data。From this，The digital gap here will become bigger and bigger，Get in data、Technical application and value segmentation have occurred in unfair ethics problems。

　　Explore the strategy of responding to cope 

Facing ethical problems brought by big data，We should actively take effective management measures，Establish the corresponding ethical principles，To seek various challenges and difficulties in response。

First, strengthen data management。Management of big data -related technologies，Not a simple restraint and supervision of technical practitioners，Instead, you need to perform multiple levels、Comprehensive systematic management。First，The management of data users should be strengthened。To strengthen the learning of data users' technical knowledge of big data，​​Make it applied on the deep understanding。To improve the concept of personal privacy protection，Prevent personal privacy leak，and let it learn to maintain personal rights and interests in accordance with the law。To strengthen data ethics education，Comprehensively improve its professional ethics。Next，Should strengthen the control management of technology。Because mass data is collecting、Treatment、Analysis and other processes may occur in privacy violations，Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the privacy protection of personal information collection and storage links，It is necessary to use effective and reasonable means to limit data analysis and illegal transmission，It is also necessary to strengthen the protection of information security technology for privacy and security。Actually，The fundamental method of solving the privacy protection problem brought by big data，is to promote bet365 best casino games the continuous development and progress of technology。Last，The supervision and management of the data environment should be strengthened。To adhere to Germany and France，Provides good laws and regulations and ethical system environments for the development of big data，Strengthen the inherent self -constraints of data users。To adhere to the participation of the whole people，Construct a complete supervision system，Give full play to the positive utility of the reporting system in combating illegal crimes，to maintain a good data ecological environment。

Second, pay attention to people -oriented。Marxist philosophy pointed out，People are the main body of society，The social progress pursued by a person is in the final analysis lies in the development of the person itself。March 2022，The General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China、"Opinions on Strengthening the Governance of Science and Technology Ethics" issued by the General Office of the State Council clearly clearly uses "enhancement of human welfare" as the first principle of science and technology ethics，Emphasize "Science and Technology activities should adhere to the people -centered development ideas"。Development of big data related technologies，should always implement the scientific concept of development，Adhere to the principle of people -oriented，A goal with improving the quality of life of the people and promoting the comprehensive development of people。Big data as a modern technology method，The significance and purpose of its continuous development and progress is not the technology itself，and in better serving people's survival and development。Marx emphasized，"Only when the object becomes a person or a person who is an object,，Talents do not lose themselves in their own objects "。We only always use people as the existence of the subject，Taking technology as an objective existence，Only the main status of people in the development and application of big bet365 best casino games data related technology，Forms a human -centered value orientation。Persist in people -oriented，Let the general public share the results of the development of science and technology，Actively guide technology to good，Promoting the overall well -being of human beings; respect for personal privacy，Guarantee the legitimate rights and interests of the people of the people; we must treat different social groups fairly and just，Avoid discrimination and prejudice。

Third, adhering to the principle of value rationality higher than the rationality of the tool。Tool rationality is an important concept proposed by the Frankfurt School representatives Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno，Also known as technical rationality。With bet365 best casino games the continuous development of science and technology，Human rationality as a pure science and technology research method，Due to its own dialectical development, it has become a means to achieve practical purpose and tools for slavery。Tool rationality represents terrible scientific and technological rule，It will stifle the subjectivity and creativity of human rationality。The way of thinking and action it dominates，Consider utility and efficiency，and often do not consider the problem of good and evil in ethics。Different from the rationality of the tool，Value rational itself contains the content of value judgment，The inherent needs of the subject and the value of the behavior itself，instead of the result of action。Tools rationally emphasize efficiency and efficiency，More attention is human material desires; value rational pursuing the value wisdom and value conscience of humans in practical activities。Tools rationally emphasize efficiency and efficiency，People are facing rational worship of tools、Questions of the marginalization of value rational，But in fact, the rational and value rationality of the tool is not absolutely opposed，but interdependence、A relationship promoted with each other。Tool rationality provides intellectual bet365 Play online games support for human realization of value rationality，Value rational provides mental motivation for the rationality of the tool，Both dialectically unified in human production practice activities。In the background of big data，We should continue to pay attention to the rationality of the tool，Continuously promote value rationality，Give full play to the leading role of value rationality on the rationality of tools，To promote the better progress of society and the comprehensive development of people。

　(Author Unit: Department of Philosophy of Nanjing University、Smart Philosophy and Human Future Development Research Center)