In pre-Qin literature，The Bet365 lotto review planning ideas in "Guanzi" are rich and practical，But it did not attract enough attention from the academic community。This obscures the status of "Guanzi" in urban history to a certain extent，Not conducive to revealing the relationship between traditional urban planning ideas and modern urban construction，Also influenced the exploration of the historical value of "Guanzi"。

"Guanzi" thinks，To establish a Bet365 lotto review, we must first examine the geographical environment and natural resources such as mountains, rivers, forests and swamps，Instead of planning and construction according to established theoretical standards。"Guanzi·Chengma" (the book quoted below only notes the title of the chapter) says: "Wherever a country is established，Not under the mountains，Must be above Guangchuan。The height is not close to drought but there is enough water，Don’t go near the water and avoid ditches。Because of talent，Convenient location，There is no need to follow the rules in the ancient Bet365 lotto review，The road does not have to be on the right line。”It means that the Bet365 lotto review site should not be chosen under the mountains，Just above the plain，Sufficient water，Relying on "natural materials" and "geographical convenience"，Get materials nearby，To reduce the burden of manpower and material resources；Bet365 lotto review wall direction、High, Low, Width and Narrow、Traffic within the Bet365 lotto review、Building layout, etc.，Adapt measures to local conditions，No need to follow any "rules" or "criteria"。"Du Di" says: "The inner Bet365 lotto review，Outside the Bet365 lotto review is the country，Guo Waiweizitulang，If the ground is high, there will be ditches，The bottom is the embankment，The Golden Bet365 lotto review of Fate。Tree with thorns，Author of Shangxiangzhu，So it is solid。It’s not enough to grow older，Modify and increase from time to time。”Inner Bet365 lotto review and outer Bet365 lotto review，Outside of Guo is "Tulang", which is the Bet365 lotto review trench。Cities are based on the terrain，Or cut the ground into a wall，Or build a dike into a Bet365 lotto review，Supplemented by thorn trees，Repair at any time，It is "Jincheng"。

Pre-Qin cities were walled villages，The agricultural population is the main body of urban residents，The so-called urban economy is dominated by agriculture、Multiple operations，Thus ensuring the quality of land use、Meeting resource needs for sustainable production is the core of Bet365 lotto review building。"Du Di" says: "Therefore, the saints are in the country，Must be in an unstoppable place，Choose the fertile terrain of Xiangshan Mountain，Left and right by Shui Ruoze，The inside is written by Luo Qu，Focused on Dachuan。Because of his talent、Benefits derived from the land，Raise people to raise animals。”The so-called “untouchable land” means that the Bet365 lotto review is safe and stable、Invincible，Refers to production in the Bet365 lotto review、Life will not be affected by natural disasters or external interference。The premise is that the urban land is fertile，The terrain is high and close to the mountains，Surrounded by rivers，A drought and flood relief system can be established，Guarantee the production needs of agriculture and household sideline industry, that is, handicraft industry，This requires unified planning of population and resources。"Chengma" says: "Eighty miles to the place，A country with thousands of houses，Bet365 lotto review of Thousand Rooms Four。Zhongfangbaili，A country with thousands of houses，Bet365 lotto review of Thousand Rooms Four。The next place is a hundred and twenty miles away，A country with thousands of houses，Bet365 lotto review of Thousand Rooms Four。The place above is eighty miles and the place below is one hundred and twenty miles，Tong Yuzhong Dibaili。”Classify the land quality into upper categories、中、Lower third class，Different qualities of land can satisfy different population numbers，The same is "ten thousand houses", that is, ten thousand households，Due to different land quality, each area requires eighty miles、Baili、A land of one hundred and twenty miles。This can be said to be the earliest resource planning concept integrating urban and rural areas in human history。

The Warring States Period was a time of war，Population and the effectiveness of its control are the determining factors of a country’s strength。"Guanzi" has a clear understanding of this。"Xiao Kuang" says: "Scholars, farmers, industry and commerce，Four People，The country is made of stone and its people，No clutter。If there are any miscellaneous things, the words will be misunderstood，It’s a mess。Therefore, the scholars of the Holy King must live in Xianyan，If you are a farmer, you must work in the fields，Every job must go to the government，Every businessman must go to the market。”The country at that time was the Bet365 lotto review，Scholars, peasants, industrialists and merchants all live in the "country"。“Shi” is the lower class of the ruling class，Belong to a cultured knowledge group，Is the master of the country，Fighting as a soldier，It is their rights and obligations，Therefore "a virgin must live in Xianyan"。“Nong” is an agricultural producer，is a resident subject，Farming state-owned land，Therefore, "If you are a farmer, you must work in the fields"。The "field" here is the collective name for the suburbs and the Bet365 lotto review，"Farmers" must live in areas within the Bet365 lotto review that are convenient for farming。“Industry and commerce” refers to handicraftsmen and merchants run by the government，The purpose of production and exchange is not to obtain profits，But to meet the needs of the government，Therefore, "If you want to work, you must go to the government，Every businessman must go to the market”。The "four peoples" have different statuses，Identity、Professional hereditary，District living，Manage separately，While maintaining the difference in status，Also enable them to perform their duties without distraction、Professional，Ensure the stability of social hierarchical order。"Xiao Kuang" has a special explanation on this: "The people gathered together in the state，Xian Yanze and his father talked about each other，The son and the son express filial piety，Those who serve the emperor should respect him，Elders talk about love，Young people are jealous”。"The farmers gathered together in the state，Review the Four Seasons，Several use of power，Prepare the equipment，Better than grass and shackles。Jihan，Kill the fields to eliminate them，Wait until the time comes。Deep cultivation、Equal planting、disease，Xian Yuyun，Waiting for the rain。The rain is coming，Use his gun to mow the plows，Working in the fields at dusk，If you pay taxes and pay tribute，Bie Miaomiao，Lie Shutan。Wearing ramie for the first time，Wearing a robe，Sticky body paint，Exposed hair and skin，Use all the strength of his limbs，Working in the fields with illness。""Lingfu workers gathered together in the state，Xing Liangcai，Review the Four Seasons，Debate his merits，Several use of power，Comparative meter brake，Shang Wanli。Talk to each other to achieve things，Show each other with merit，Xiangchen Yiqiao，It’s better to know better than others。”“The husband and merchants gathered together in the state，Watch the bad luck，Reviewing the National Change，Observe the four seasons and supervise the goods of the country，To know the merchants in the Bet365 lotto review。Responsibility，Serving cows and llamas，With four directions。How much material，Care for the noble and the humble，In its possession，Easy to nothing。Buy cheap, buy expensive。"All this is happening under the control of the government，Let generations think about the same issues，Repeat the same work、Same technology，Ensure ideological unity、Skilled Effect，I won’t change my mind when I see something different，Avoid “speak too loudly”，It’s a mess”。

"Guanzi" has detailed plans for the establishment and management Bet365 lotto review four people，Li as the basic administrative unit，In modern terms，It is equivalent to a community。Between Li and Li，Separated by a wall，Connected by road，Li people have unified standards for their production and life。"Li Zheng" says: "Build barriers and hide them，一路，Bo (抟) in and out。Check the key，Guan Zangyu Liwei。Zi Lu Yousi，Open and close by time。Those who come in and out of Lu Yousi Temple，Yi Fu Yu Liwei。Every time you come and go from time to time，Clothes are not included，Those who belong to the group and do not conform to the norm，Lu Yousi Jianzhi，No more time。"The "Build a Barrier" here，One road” refers to the design and construction Bet365 lotto review road walls between li and li。"Bo (劊) entrance and exit" means that the residents Bet365 lotto review village uniformly enter and exit through the inner gate。Lushilimen，The tube is the key to the door lock，The key is the latch。A lieutenant is as long as a mile。"Build barriers and hide，一路，Bo (把) entrance and exit” means the wall must be complete、So that residents can only use designated roads、Access control。The key to the inner gate is controlled by Lieutenant Li, that is, "the key is hidden in Lieutenant"。The "Lu Yousi" is the small official in charge Bet365 lotto review inner gate (also called the inner prison gate)，Monitoring the behavior of residents，Regular reporting。

Scholars were investigating urban construction during the Warring States Period，Urban planning focusing on "Zhou Li·Kao Gong Ji·Craftsmen Governing the Country"，But "Guanzi" is rarely mentioned。This is because，On the one hand，"Craftsman Governing the Country" is an integral part of "Zhou Rites"，People naturally pay special attention to it。On the other hand，Western Zhou Dynasty，Urban construction does have strict grade restrictions。"Zuo Zhuan" hidden in the first year of the reign says: "Du"，The Bet365 lotto review is full of pheasants，The harm to the country。The system of the former kings: most of them are no more than one of the participating countries，One of the top five，One of Xiaojiu。”The “country” here refers to the kingdom，The Bet365 lotto review where the Emperor of Zhou lived，"Du" is the Bet365 lotto review where the princes live。The princes are divided into different levels，There are differences between "du" in big, medium and small。The height, width and width of the Bet365 lotto review wall can be customized。The Bet365 lotto review wall of a big "Bet365 lotto review" is no more than a "hundred pheasant"，Three feet long、One foot tall is a pheasant，The standard for a large "du" is three hundred feet in length and width，One third of the royal Bet365 lotto review。"Guanzi" said that "a Bet365 lotto review does not have to follow the rules，The road does not have to be on the right track”，The "rules" and "criteria" may be in this regard。But，From the actual situation of urban construction during the Warring States Period，"The Artisan's Camp" is nothing but a historical memory，Lost institutional and practical significance。

Viewed from the archaeological excavation of the Warring States period Bet365 lotto review site，Except that some elements of "The Craftsman Camp" can be found in the ancient Bet365 lotto review of Qufu and Jinan Bet365 lotto review，The spatial structure of other Bet365 lotto review sites and the planning ideas they embody are far from it，The ancient Bet365 lotto review of Linzi in Qi State is a typical example。By comparison with "Guanzi"，From the geographical environment，The old Bet365 lotto review of Linzi is completely a "land of saints"，Must be in an unstoppable place，Choose the fertile terrain of Xiangshan Mountain，The complete display of "Left and Right by Shui Ruoze"；From the perspective of spatial structure and urban texture，It is written by "The inside is Luoqu，Because of the great river”，“Because of his natural talent、Benefits derived from the land，The systematic practice of raising people to raise animals。

　(Bet365 lotto review’s affiliation: Golden Mantis School of Architecture, Suzhou University)