Kang Youwei uses the "Three" theory to interpret modern social changes
August 15, 2022 10:08 Source: "China Social Sciences", August 15, 2022, Issue 2470 author: Zhou Baoyin

The scholar of the Han Dynasty in the Han Dynasty in the process of explaining "The Biography of Spring and Autumn",formed the "Three" thoughts。In the middle of the Qing Dynasty,Ras in the rise again,"Three" said that it is valued by a group of scholars,and judge current affairs。End of the Qing Dynasty,Kang Youwei uses the "Three" theory of "Spring and Autumn" as the main line interpreted by his classics,Combined with "Rites" "Datong Xiaokang" to send the "Third Period" theory,and match the theory of evolution in the West,Using this theory to interpret modern social change,The situation of the sun and outside at that time。until 1902,The completion of "Rites Notes" and "Datong Book",It marks Kang Youwei's "Third" thought to mature。

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Kang Youwei in the "Rites" "Datong Xiaokang" theory,I explained a new meaning to "III".。He said: "The method of" Spring and Autumn "III,Xiaokang with "Rites"、Datong Zhiyi,The bone marrow of the true Confucius also。"(" Complete Works of Kang Youwei ",Renmin University of China Press, 2007 edition,Episode 6,p. 18) In Kang Youwei,,"Datong Xiaokang" and "Third Period",The same belonging to Confucius。Therefore, Kang Youwei will be well -off、Datong and Shengping World、Correspondence of Taiping Shizu,To set off the micro -words of Kongmen,So,Make the old "Third Period" richer in connotation。He said: "‘ Three ’is very righteous for Confucius,"Spring and Autumn" in Tsui Zhi is Mingzhi。It is rumored to be in chaos,The Ship Trusted by the World Trusted,Seeing Shiren Taiping。Those in troubled times,Cultural and Education Unknown。Shengping,Gradually with literature and education,Xiaokang also。Taiping,The World of Datong,Far and near the size as one,bet365 Play online games Cultural and educational preparation also。Dayi is mostly a well -off,Weiyan is mostly peace。"(" Complete Works of Kang Youwei "Episode 2,pp. 324) This combination,Make the theory of "Three" blended with two social characteristics,also made Shengping、Taiping's vector is wider,The ultimate goal of "Three" is also positioned on "Datong"。"Datong" becomes Kang Youwei to find a good recipe for treating Chinese social diseases。

In Kang Youwei's theory,The realization of Datong society cannot jump suddenly,Need transition phase,Xiaokang is a stage that is inseparable from the troubled times to the Taiping World,So he possibly put Datong's realization in the future。Kang Youwei "Three" and "Datong Xiaokang",Show his expectations for the "Datong" society。,Kang Youwei combines the theory of "Three" and "Datong Xiaokang" and is increasingly frequent,and applied to the political doctrine of the "Constitutional Constitution",Open a new mission to save the rescue map for the "Three" thoughts。

  "Three Unifications" and "Three" combination

Kang Youwei believes that many systems in later generations come from Confucius,Therefore, it is considered "Three Unification III,All Confucius's Nature "。("Complete Works of Kang Youwei" Episode 2,Page 370) He is based on traditional theory,Proposed: "Spring and Autumn" Send the meaning of the third generation,There is a world of chaos,There is a world of rise,There is a world of peace,Different Tao。In the first life,There are three uniforms of heaven and earth,Follow the reason for details,It is adopted by the poor to become the world。"(" Complete Works of Kang Youwei "Episode 3,Page 263),There are three unifications "。("Complete Works of Kang Youwei" Episode 2,Page 370) The intake of "Three Unifications",Complex interpretation of the "III" mode,The scope of the interpretation of "III" is expanded。The content involved in the "Three Unifications" in its book "Spring and Autumn Dong's Studies" is:,Three unifications of Guanli bet365 best casino games Zizi,Three Unifications of Flying Rites,Three unifications of funeral,Three unifications of punishment。"(" Complete Works of Kang Youwei "Episode 2,Page 348-349) Kang Youwei also explained Confucius creation and the history of history,Think of summer、Business、Week's dynasty change,Color of utensils、Changes of the top cover of the car car,All are the "restructuring" of the Third Generation of Confucius Toro。To show that Western Xue also originated from Confucius,Kang Youwei introduced the theory of modern Western knowledge,The customs and customs of calendar clothing in Western countries are within the "three unifications" of Kang Youwei。This,"Three Unifications III" both "preserve the old and" "change the new theory"。

Kang Youwei passed integration、Interpretation of "Three Three Unifications",Gradually form a more systematic theory,Permination of commendation change、Promote updated thoughts。Different from the time of the world,"Each because of its time,,change to its poverty "。("Complete Works of Kang Youwei" Episode 6,Page 16) "Three Unifications" change for a long time,To thousands of unifications is possible。This,The Time Salvation Plan proposed by Kang Youwei is more meticulous,Being able to cope with all kinds of world changes will not be exhausted。Therefore Liang Qi Super said: "The proposition of the" reform of the law ",Real book here。"(Liang Qichao:" Introduction to the Qing Dynasty Academic Introduction ",Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House 2005,p. 67)

  "Reform" and "Third" inheritance

Kang Youwei "Gongyang",Although Liu Fenglu continues、Gong Zizhen、Chen Lidie and other words such as the restructuring,really different from them。Kang Youwei continues the issue of "III" restructuring,But introduce new,Interpret the category of "restructuring" as a kind of social reform and political innovation。Then,He will politics、Society、"Reconstruction" of each dimension and other dimensions of morality is put into the "Three" Bet365 lotto review mode,It provides a historical theory based on the political reform it advocates。In order to show Confucius "chaos、Shengping、Taiping "and other related systems,Kang Youwei has explained to each life,It is believed that the Confucius restructure is for the early implementation of the promotion in China、Taiping method。For this,Kang Youwei Guangbang Express,All important systems are divided into "Three"。This,Kang Youwei distinguished the basis in different fields、Shengping、The meaning of Taiping,Available to the political system、The idea of ​​social development injected into the "Three"。"Three Story" expansion as the scale of the evaluation situation,This will be with the new political concept he advocates、The real political attitude is closely combined。

,Kang Youwei also proposed the logic of "Three Evolution",pointed out that "restructuring" is for social evolution,This is the Theory of Modern Western Chinese Studies、Constitutional System、Democratic human rights thoughts across each other。For this,Kang Youwei actively ran shouts,Participate in real politics,Advocate civil rights,Also against the revolution,I hope to practice my own political ideals。So,Kang Youwei's "Third Period" thought has the meaning of "social transformation" and "political change",The final orientation is to establish an ideal social system。

  "Three" and social positioning

The positioning of China in the "III",Kang Youwei’s political and academic views have always been consistent。Kang Youwei first positioned China in the category of "in troubled times"。He said, "Just in the future,Then it is also chaotic today。"(" Complete Works of Kang Youwei "Episode 6,pp. 248) Pointing again,China is in the stage of development to the development of the world according to the troubled times,"Enter to Shengping today,Jun and Chen are not isolated and gradually flat,Gui and low is not isolated and gradually flat,Men and women do not suppress and gradually bet365 live casino games flatten,Good and slaves do not distinguish between,Everyone wants to be autonomous and plain,Everyone seeks self -reliance and gradually flat,Everyone seeks freedom and gradually flat。"(" Complete Works of Kang Youwei "Episode 6,page 17) "If today, it gradually enters the Shengping Shi,Those who have no barbaric civilization,Only with civilization and barbaric。"(" Complete Works of Kang Youwei "Episode 6,pp. 236) Overall look,Kang Youwei believes that Chinese society is higher than in troubled times,The about to enter Shengping World。Kang Youwei Bet365 app download from the perspective of "well -off Datong",Putting Chinese society in the world of well -off。He said: "China in two thousand years,Safe Xiaokang,Do not have the same Mono。"(edited by the Shanghai Cultural Relics Insurance Committee:" Kang Youwei and the Protection of the Emperor ",Shanghai People's Publishing House 1982 edition,p. 367) "China has been in China for two thousand years,Fanhan、Tang、Song、Ming,Don't treat chaos and failure,Family in the world of well -off。"(" Complete Works of Kang Youwei "Episode 5,Page 553) But Kang Youwei's social ideal for China's future is "Datong",However, "secrets do not show people,Not to use this righteous teacher,The world of Fang Jin is the world of ‘according to chaos’,I can only talk about Xiaokang,Can't speak Datong "。(Liang Qichao: "Introduction to the Qing Dynasty Academic Introduction",p. 69) Kang Youwei understands,Social evolutionary process is long,You need to step by step,"Everything has evolved,Ren has track,The benevolent of the world has size,is the orbit size,Before reaching the time,Not strong "。("Complete Works of Kang Youwei" Episode 5,Page 480) It is not feasible to surpass the law of social evolution,It is also impossible,Only "follow -up"。So,Kang Youwei always believes that it will be the same as "Xiaokang" to save this life。

For real political issues,No matter Bet365 app download from the perspective of "According to the troubled times -Shengping World -Taiping World",Still from the perspective of "Well -off -Datong",Kang Youwei strongly explained that "this life" has not reached "Taiping Shi",Can't do the "Taiping System",Only the "Constitution of the Monarch" is the most suitable for China,Over -level and walk can only cause social confusion or even destroy the country。This reflects Kang Youwei both to be freedom of society,Disglement and obsession with the "Constitution of the Monarch"。

Kang Youwei is in the background of the turbulence of the late Qing Dynasty,Witnessing the country break、Species、The severe crisis of teaching death,He re -examined Confucian,Fighting in the Sutra of Sutra of Spring and Autumn "Spring and Autumn",Ambition to comment on the Confucian traditional classic,Interpretation and interpretation of the atmosphere of the times,Ambition to comment on the Confucian traditional classic,Try to seek evolutionary resources in Chinese society from traditional classics and Western studies,Stocking through the change method,Difficulties in the cracked era,Change the rotten late Qing society and politics,Make it reach the ideal realm of Taiping Datong。"Three" thought has become Kang Youwei's unique political philosophy,It has great innovation,This is the first case in the history of Chinese classics。Kang Youwei expanded the content of "Three" theory,The traditional "Third Period" says that political ideals are in praise,Do not pay attention to the social and political structure。And Kang Youwei's "Third Period" thought is very much involved,Demonstration and Loss,Seeking new changes in tradition。Kang Youwei proposed the modern social structure mode,When China does not have these conditions,I can only engage in political change or cultural revolution in accordance with the traditional "III" model,This is a commendable place,It is also the most special feature。As Kang Youwei said: "Disease is endless and Fang is endless,Datong Xiaokang,But one of the gods of bet365 live casino games God! "(" Complete Works of Kang Youwei "Episode 6,pp. 554)

In short,rich people and strong nations、Establish an ideal social system,It is the consistent purpose of Kang Youwei's "Third" thought。Kang Youwei's "Third Period" thought broke through the imprisonment of traditional Confucianism,Promoting the modern transformation and innovation development of Confucian thoughts。

(Author Unit: Postdoctoral Mobilization Station of the School of History and Culture at Qufu Normal University、Jiangsu Vocational College of Nursing Vocational College)

Editor in charge: Cui Cen
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