Assyrian Studies are an Akkardi、Sumerian and other ancient languages ​​are the foundation of research，Taking the ancient two river basins and its surrounding areas as research objects，Language、Literature、Archeology is the discipline of the main research method。This subject rose in the middle of the 19th century，First created in universities and scientific research institutions in major Western European countries。In the second half of the 19th century，spread to the United States。Assyrian Studies attach importance to the excavation and sorting of archeological data，Pay attention to the reading and interpretation of literature。The formation of these characteristics is closely related to Western classical science and the interpretation of the Bible。In recent years，Assyrian Studies show new trends，Start paying attention to the philosophical thoughts reflected in the study、Concept and Culture，Expressing the characteristics of classical studies after showing。The tradition of "classics" in the history of civilization in ancient two river basins，An important issue of becoming an Assyrian study。

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"Study" is studying Confucian classics、Explanation word meaning、The learning of explaining its righteousness。End of the Qing Dynasty，Chinese "Economics" tradition has split，"Scripture" is narrowed into "elementary school"。"Primary School" tradition has the same work with Western classical sciences that was introduced into China in the early 20th century。

Classics (Classics) is a research basis based on Greek and Latin linguistics，Research。This discipline was originally born in the Renaissance humanistic trend of humanism，The mid -18th century became an independent basic discipline，Passed German romanticism、bet365 live casino games British France and Germany Enlightenment、The baptism of the modern scientific revolution is becoming increasingly mature。The early founders of Assyrian studies mostly have deep western classical skills，Flected Greek、Latin and other classical languages，For the two river basins、Persian、Little Asia Minor and other traditional "Oriental" culture has a strong interest。They master Oriental Language，Happy to go to these places for adventure inspection，For example, Sir Ostan Laiad、Henry Rollingsen、Max Malo Wan et al.。It is such a group of people，unveiled the veil of the ancient two river basin civilization that has been closed for a long time，showing the world a long -lost "dead" civilization。

Western classical studies attach importance to the finishing of the works of Greek and Roman classical writers、Test and Note，There are many similarities with the "elementary school" in traditional Chinese scriptures。Assyrian studies have been established since the establishment，It has a profound western classical marking。Akkard's grammar system has a distinctive Indo -Europe Linguistics System Features，Latest of the literature、Notes、Verification paradigm shows the basic features of Western classical sciences everywhere。

　Assyrian and Bible interpretation tradition

Assyrian Literature to verify that another origin of the traditional origin is the interpretation of the Bible。Explanation of the Bible, especially the tradition of the Old Testament Bible，As early as the Jews returned from Babylon to their hometown (about 6th century BC)，Mishna、Talmud, etc., all explain the work of the Old Testament (Jewish called "Tol") from different perspectives。In the European Middle Ages Church，The tradition of the Economic Council has increased the interpretation of the Bible to an unprecedented height。The Old Testament Bible played a unique guiding role in the process of establishing in the 18th and 19th century bet365 live casino games Assyrian，The Old Testament Bible is regarded as the handed down literature of Assyrian studies，Get high attention。Nini、Karhu、Babylon、Uruk and other representative sites for re -discovery，Both benefits from the record of the Old Testament Bible。

The basic method of interpretation of the Bible is directly used in the study of Assyrian literature。1872，Some scholars have in -depth discussing the association of wedge -shaped text and "Eberhard Schrader, Die Keilinschriften Und Das Alte Testament)。1950，James Perichard Published "James B. PriceChard, Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament)。After nearly 50 years，William Haro continues the same idea "The Classic Classics of Classics -Classic Literature from the Bible World" (William Hallo, Cononical Compositions from the Biblical World)。Although Haro pointed out，In addition to the topic，The collection of literature edited by himself and himself has nothing to do with the Bible in terms of literature selection and content，But looking at its structure、Literature translation and word -of -word comments，The Bible tradition is clear at a glance。

In the development process of the interpretation of Western Classical and Bible，Thinking about "Righteousness" -or philosophical thinking -always hidden or appeal、Weakly running through it。This is also reflected from time to time in the study of "study" in Assyria。

　The characteristics of scientific studies of Assyrian Studies

Of course，Assyrian Studies and Western Classical and the Bible interpretation are very different.，The literature of Assyrian Studies is mainly based on unearthed literature，The excavation and arrangement of archeological data occupy an advantageous position in Assyrian studies。And，Due to accidental characteristics due to unearthed literature，The research methods of the interpretation of classical and "Bible" cannot be fully used in the study of Assyrian literature。Assyrian scholars began to pursue the academic Bet365 app download tradition of Assyrian studies in the Assyrian Studies。

First，Ancient Chinese characters、Ming Literature、Historical Voice、Vocabulary and text tests have always been the focus of Assyrian studies，Has the basic "study" research features。Since the establishment of Assyria，Basic Tools Book，such as symbol dictionary、Dictionary、series of literature integration、Special Document Records, etc.，It has always been the top priority of the work of Assyrian scholars。At least before the 1990s，Among the new results every year，Document research category and archaeological data results occupy the vast majority。

Next，Assyrian scholars gradually noticed that some special types of literature，That is a variety of categories、Books and classics can indicate the existence of the "classics" tradition in the civilization of the ancient two river basins。From linguistic analysis，Assyrian scholars gradually try to rebuild the inner form of thought in the thoughts of the civilization of the ancient two river basins。

again，Craid research has broken through the limitations of traditional "study" in recent years，Expand the breadth and depth of text research。Cormeity analysis can be based on linguistics、Sociology and other multiple perspectives of angle analysis literature or compare，Discover different periods、Common value contained in different types of literature，Help today people better understand the ideas of the people of ancient two river basins。

Last，Assyrian scholars began to get rid of the traditional "elementary school" tradition such as Chinese，Exploring the ideological connotation behind the literature。Karen Radner, a professor of church professor at the ancient Middle East Humboldt Chair at the University of Munich, pointed out，In recent years, "the focus of classical and ancient research has shifted to universal ancient history"。This reflects the transformation of bet365 best casino games Assyrian studies from "elementary school" to "university"。2015，American scholar Mark Van De Miru published "The Philosophy of Greece -the Pursuit of the Truth of the Ancient Babylon" (Marc van de Mieroop, Philosophy Before The Greeks: The Pursuit of Truth in Ancient Babylonia)，The tradition of "classics" in the history of civilization in ancient two river basins was summarized，Is the Assyrian academic community against historical philosophy、The latest attempts in the study of ideology。

Tradition of classics of the history of the two river basins

Assyrian Literature、History、The results of the history of historical philosophy and history of thought，revealing the "classics" tradition that may exist in the development process of the civilization history of the ancient two river basins。

Assyrian scholars have determined，The interpretation of the text has appeared shortly after the text was generated。Form mentioned above、Victoring Literature can be traced back to 2900 BC，It may even be earlier。This tradition has continued in the history of the civilization of the ancient two river basins。This kind of literature is mainly used for educational education，Students studying Sumerian and Akkardi are constantly copying、Practice，Master the writing knowledge of wedge -shaped text，After learning and creation later、Writing and mathematics knowledge，Used to manage politics、Religious、Economy、Military and other affairs。

A large number of ancient two river basin literature can be preserved through the life through the world，In the "Library of Library" in the Assyrian Palace at the end of the 7th century BC alone, about 26,000 pieces or slices。The copy and finishing of the literature reflect the humanities of the two river basins in ancient times、The basic concept of training 诂。Take the divination literature as an example，This kind of literature is the most abundant category in the number and type of the existing ancient two river bet365 best casino games basins，Among them, it not only contains assembly of a certain type of omen，It also includes different divination forms、Area、Compilation of nouns，Different types of literature refer to each other、Explanation of each other，It constitutes a grid -like divination literature system，It reflects the inherent logic relationship with the rigorous divination system。Fan De Miru thinks，The "divination science provides the most detailed evidence in conceptual theory"。other，Many other legal documents and literature literature can also help us understand the ideas of the people of ancient two river basins。

Unfortunately，So far，The academic community has not yet found literature and writing that directly records the philosophical thinking of the people in ancient two river basins，There is no systematic system of the "elementary school" and "university" tradition contained in various documents、Sumulatory and summary。

early 20th century，Western classical science just introduced China，Liang Qichao seized the characteristics and characteristics of the modern meaning and literature research of Western classical science，and compared with the Chinese classics。，Chinese intellectual circles can absorb and learn from Western classical science，In fact, the "primary school" feature of Chinese classics is strengthened，But ignored the "university" tradition of Chinese classics。Assyrian Studies have also gone through the same situation for the reference of Western classical and Bible interpretation during the establishment，German scholar Lanceg said, "The Bible -Baby Dispute will strangle in the early 20th century,"。

Today，Putting the tradition of Chinese classics and the "scientific study" of Assyrian learning，We can observe that there are obvious similarities，The Kung Fu of the Qianjia School is also clearly visible in Association research。Learn and use the "university" experience of Chinese classics，It will be possible to help bet365 best casino games us discover the blankness and regrets explained by the Assyrian study "study"，Re -examine the traditional literature of the ancient two river basins，Open the new direction of the study of ancient civilization。

(The author is a researcher at the Institute of World History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Special Researcher at the China History Research Institute Chinese Civilization and World Ancient Civilization Research Center)