This year is the 250th anniversary of Hegel's birthday，The Chinese nation as a nation with a particularly strong sense of history，There is a deep tradition of "chasing the distance with caution"，And Hegel is due to his lofty status in the history of Western philosophy，Especially the direct relationship with the philosophy of Marxistism，Naturally, it has become an object that we look back in various forms。Looking back at Hegel，In front of us is a serious academic problem: the contemporary meaning of Marx philosophy，and the correlation of the contemporary meaning of the contemporary significance of Hergel philosophy from this inseparable Hegel philosophy。

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We still need to return to the philosophical relationship of "Marx and Hegel" today，and not just treat it as a simple academic history problem that has been passed，Instead, it is regarded as the ideological proposition that we still need to take seriously today，Because it is related to the accurate grasp of the contemporary nature of Marx's philosophy and in -depth understanding of the historical significance of the world of contemporary China。

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out，The world in today's world has undergone a big change in a century。Before a century ago，It is the transition from capitalism from free competition to monopoly and imperialism; it is the real development of the "October Revolution" and the path of socialist practice in the world;、Represe the representative，The time we call the birth of the narrow "Western Marxism"。Wish to know，The most basic academic contribution of Western Marxism is to directly connect Marx to Hegel，to prevent the possibility of the explanation of Marxist philosophy to the 18th century materialism or the possibility of "former Kant" philosophy，That is to keep the understanding of Marx's philosophy on the horizontal line of German classical philosophy。

Looking at the history of World Marxism for more than 100 years，It is not difficult to discover Bet365 app download the situation of the process of a civilized process of the East and West: with the dignity of the overall revolutionary prospects of the Western bourgeois society，Emphasizing that Marx's western Marxism directly connects Hegel's Western Marxism has gradually declined; as the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics is booming，Breaking through the "modern interpretation" paradigm based on Soviet textbooks and the innovation of the contemporary understanding of Marxist philosophy in the contemporary understanding of Marxist philosophy is expressed as an increasingly vivid academic issue。

It is worth emphasizing is，Today we face the philosophical relationship of "Marx and Hegel" again，Not only to put the understanding of Marx's philosophy at the level of German classical philosophy，Instead, I better understand Marx，Therefore, Western philosophy and even Western civilization with Hegel as the masterblies，Get a more appropriate critical grasp。

　　Grasp the matter itself with thought

Hegel's philosophy is the importance of the study of Marxist philosophy in contemporary China is: on the one hand，Marx’s thoughts in terms of basic concepts or basic topics，Most of them are born directly from Hegel's philosophy，It is a transcendence progress obtained by the latter as the direct ideological data，And because Marx himself does not specifically engage in the construction of the philosophical system，Makes us grasp the Marx thinking itself today，To a large extent, it is necessary to rely on critical comparison with Hegel philosophy to expand。The development history of Marxism has also been repeatedly stated，Those "contemporary" interpretation of the "contemporary" of the philosophy of Marx in the philosophy of Marx，Often inevitable falling into the philosophical situation of "former Kant" or "non -critical"。On the other hand，Because contemporary China is in the key historical period of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the modernization of socialist modernization，Among them, the "ancient and modern dispute" and "dispute between Chinese and Western" that must be solved in the modernization of social life inside，and the "integrated between China and Western Malaysia" bet365 best casino games problem that must be solved in the development of ideological and cultural fields，We need we need to draw positive nutrients not only from Marx philosophy, but also from Hegel philosophy。

Specifically，Thoroughly grasped Hegel's philosophy，For clarifying the contemporary nature of Marx philosophy，At least two aspects of the following two aspects: First of all，Hegel has really established a way to grasp the "things itself" in language and concepts，Simply opposite the mind and object，That is, the simplicity opposition between simple materialism and idealism is eliminated。If you discard the surface opposite of thought and object，The basic prerequisite for entering Hegel's philosophy "concept" thinking，So，Simple opposition to abandoning simple materialism and idealism，The basic prerequisite for entering Marx's philosophy "practice" is also the basic premise。Whether in the system of Hegel's philosophy from concept to concept，Still in the whole process of Marx philosophy from practice to human real life，Also there are the freedom of "spirit" that Hegel calls "spiritual" and the telescopicness of "logic"，Exist that the inherent appeals and possibilities of real life can be directly grasped through thought and language。It can even be said，If you cannot understand and enter the Hegel philosophy as a "objective thought"，It is difficult for people to get rid of subjective and objective、Objects and people、Material and ideal superficial entanglement，It is difficult to really enter Hegel's development and inherit the idea of ​​"things itself" inherited by Marx，and often fall into the sterilizer of appearance thinking and intellectual thinking。

Next，The unique tree of schooling for school due to its shape，Hegel not only occupies an important integrity position in the history of Western philosophy，And because of the theoretical ambitions that integrate the traditional Western and modern traditions，Radiation and covering the most important ideological arguments that are closely related to the problems of modern western society and modernity today。Therefore，It can be said that it bet365 live casino games is the best bridge to understand and grasp the essence of Western civilization ideas and its historical writing。Marx once said，Generally speaking，The real philosophy history is only from Hegel。We can also say，Generally speaking，The real world historical writing also started from Hegel。Of course，The so -called "history of philosophy" and "world history" here，As far as its content is substantial，Mainly "World History" led by Western philosophy and Western civilization。Therefore，Today we discuss the philosophical relationship of "Marx and Hegel"，It cannot be limited to Marx's inheritance of Hegel's philosophy on the way of Marx on the road of "objective thinking" and "speculative" thinking，Also pay special attention to the "things itself" expressed by Hegel's philosophy in today's practical significance or truthful power。This can be simply achieved by reading Hegel directly，It must get a better understanding through in -depth understanding of Marx's critical detachment of Hegel's philosophy。

　　Show the spirit of the times in a critical control

Marx's most famous criticism of Hegel's philosophy，No more so -called speculative mysterious and logical graphicism。The former refers to the premature guest of Hegel，Turn "absolute spirit" or "absolute idea" into a subject，Turning nature and society into a word。Therefore，Hegel's speculative philosophy is still speculative theology，"absolute spirit" or "absolute concept" is the "God" or "God"。The latter refers to when Hegel specifically interprets the objective content of nature and society，I did not really go deep in "things itself" as he claimed，Instead, it is replaced by his logic graph。Therefore，Hegel's natural philosophy and spiritual philosophy，It's just "Application Logic"。

Marx's early criticism of Hegel's philosophy，It can be described as sharp and widely circulated，But the point that really does not cut the matter。First，When Hegel says "absolute spirit" or "absolute concept", when he is born "nature" and "spirit" from himself，It's just a "appearance" of a logic，Never mean that "absolute spirit" or "absolute concept" "first" in the sense of academic sense is "nature" and "spirit"。Just bet365 best casino games the opposite，From Hegel's view，Religious、Art and Philosophy，As a "absolute spirit", the way of understanding and being achieved in it，Although it has been accompanied by human history from the beginning，But only in his speculative philosophy system, it really became reality。This is also his famous metaphor，The true metaphor of the "Midyva's Cat Eagle until dusk" is located。Second，Say Hegel's "natural philosophy" and "psychiatric philosophy" is just the graphic application of its "logic"，Of course it is good，and this is also the confirmation of Hegel himself，But we still have to ask: Where does the conceptual picture of "logic" come from?，Is there any inner reason? Hegel said clearly，"Concept" has only two "unlimited fields", namely "nature" and "spirit"，The difference between the philosophy and the general experience science is the "transformation of the category"，That is to transform the "intellectual" category of general experience science into the "concept" system of speculative philosophy。Therefore，The pure concept system of the so -called "logic" is not a passive water、No wood，Its true basis is that Hegel places the experience content of natural sciences and world history in the position of derivation or words in the way Hegel is "speculative".。

Of course，We are not saying that Marx's historical materialism is meaningless compared to Hegel's absolute idealism。The reverse of this field of view，In the Marx's "Political Economics Critical" preface, the outline is expressed as: "Not people's consciousness determines people's existence，On the contrary，It is a people’s society that determines people’s consciousness。"What to emphasize here is，We cannot simply regard the differences between Marx and Hegel as the opposition between "consciousness" and "existence" (social existence)，As if Hegel is standing on the side of "consciousness"，Marx stood on the side of "existence" (social existence)。Actually，We can say it，Hegel is the "existence" culvert in "consciousness"，and Marx accepts "consciousness" as "consciousness" in the process of "existence"。Therefore，Historical bet365 Play online games materialism for the real meaning of the upside -up vision of absolute idealism，Is not to rebuild "consciousness" and "existence"、Fracture and opposite of materialism and ideals，It is to confirm the historical significance and limit of the "things itself" that Hegel's philosophy means，It is to confirm the common and fundamental difference between Marx philosophy in the "things itself" with Hegel philosophy。

In simple terms，Marx and Hegel's philosophy in the "things itself" are connected，For example, the ideological vision of "world history"、Critical anatomy of "modern society" in the West and the idea of ​​"rational country"，Can help us better understand and understand the world's historical status and mission of the Chinese nation，and complete the practice of "ancient and modern Chinese and Western" and solve the cultural integration of "Chinese and Western and Western" in the junior stage of socialism with Chinese characteristics。

The fundamental difference between Marx and Hegel's philosophy in "things itself"，The first is the fundamental reversal of the dual relationships such as "people and people" and "man and nature": in Hegel's philosophy，The will between "people" is the most fundamental relationship，It is all the content of world history (so -called freedom concept)，and the knowledge relationship between "man and nature" is not only the self -explanation of the "thinking" function of the subject of will，is the material foundation of the will of the will between "people"; but in Marx's philosophy，The sensual connection between "human and nature" is the real cornerstone of human civilization，Its full development is the ultimate goal of the development of human society。The pure will between "people" in the sense of Hegel and the pure thinking relationship of "man and nature"，It is just this sensitive connection to Western modernity.，It can be a historic "production relationship" in the sense of social development in the form of continuous social development.，It can also be the "productive forces" in the sense of "people and nature" completely in the same sense.。Therefore，Marx will only say，Human society that transcends bet365 Play online games "alienation" or "pre -historical period" is the real resurrection of nature，"Nature" as the object of perceptual activity is also another "person"。Marx philosophy and Hegel philosophy on the fundamental differences of "things itself"，Especially Marx, based on this fundamental difference, important ideas such as "alien labor", "communism" and "human liberation"，Critical comparison with Hegel's philosophy，Always lighten up to the real "future society" or "human society" ideological lighthouse。

　　(Author Unit: Shanghai Social Sciences Federation)