Foreign Marxist technical criticism has two major themes: one，The free development of technology and the criticism of its dominant forces formed in a capitalist society;，Discussion on the revolutionary road of possible discarding technical alienation。Implementation to foreign Marxists，They take root in continental reality，Construction of its own theory on the basis of reference to the basic reasoning path of Marxist technical criticism and explains its thoughts，materialization of humans、Anti -ization survival situation launches radical criticism and tries to propose a subversion path。but，Because the radicality of its theory is separated from its political practice，This criticism is destined to fall into the innocence of theory。Contemporary Foreign Marxists try to get rid of this dilemma，However, from the perspective of its overall point of view，But the crux of the pioneers still did not overcome the pioneers。

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Foreign Marxist technology criticized Zhao began in Lucari，He clearly realizes the impact of the materialization caused by capitalism and modern technology conspiracy。In "History and Class Awareness"，He believes that capitalist society is based on calculation，The production behavior of the workers in the "Science -Reasonable Factory" clearly shows the non -intermediary and "intuitive" nature of the main move。From this，Individuals become quantified social atoms，Equipped into an calculated object located in anonymous causal chain，bet365 Play online games Social life becomes a process dominated by effective quantitative calculation means。But the question is，Although the formal form of capitalism is based on "computable content"，and represent "eternal、"The entire social life" ruled by the "Rule"，But the disorderly state of the market just means that the connection between the parts of the social system is only necessary，The real operation of the social process is ruled by repeated and unspeakable "destiny"。The similarity of the "binary world" of the "binary world" out of the capitalist society and Kant，Lucari thinks，Capitalist society truly creates a highly rationalization but not irritating world。In this theory，Lucarci concludes the revolutionary principle of the reconstruction of his real society -the proletariat who strives to liberates clear class consciousness in the materialization reality。

To be precise，Technical criticism is not all the themes of Lucari，But his investigation on technical rationality and social control opened a good head，Later，This real issue has gradually become an unavoidable research object of Western Marxism。In "Enlightenment Dialectics"，Hawkheimer and Adono tried to reveal: In the progress of the knowledge and technology of continuous promotion of enlightenment，Human beings have achieved mastery of unknown and potentially fatal in the way of controlling nature，to disintegrate the foundation of myth，But as the technology becomes a pure tool for capital power, it is widely used in society and generates a dominant effect，Technical development not only has not been liberated，On the contrary。Malkassy basically accepted this view，He thinks，Capitalism is not only a driving bet365 live casino games factor in technical invention，And is the social force that guides it，Therefore, the form of technology has become the "current form" of social control。Because this form reflects the rationality that is conducive to the entire social group and social interests，All protests seem to be meaningless。As the technical rationality is instilled to the entire society，Capitalism gradually grasps the social incompetence of control over the fields of social life and causing critical thinking，The theme of "Unity" is highlighted。Compared to the first -generation Frankfurt School representative of the person's rejection attitude towards technology，Habermas's attitude towards technology is a bit mild，Digestion of system theory and communication theory with the help of the system theory，Habermas thinks，Different rationality of "interaction rationality" and "tool rationality" constitutes a modern society，The root cause of modernity problems is not the rational of the tool rationality，It is because it overflows the field of life organized by communication -such as family and political fields。In this two -point framework，Habermas leaves a site for technical criticism，It also corrected the trend of the first -generation theorist's criticism and light construction。

But，We see，Self -awakening of the proletariat is just the need to overturn capitalism rather than sufficient conditions，The irreversibleness of the development of civilization also determines that the "big rejection" strategy of technology must "refuse invalidation"，and the "rational rationality" attempting to bind the "tool rationality" of "tool rationality" is increasingly available today.。Early Western Marxist bet365 live casino games technical criticism theory, no matter how it expresss，No matter how disappointing it is，In the end, they all become a theoretical fantasy。

　　Dilemma of Criticism of Marxism in Contemporary Foreign Foreignist

Among the contemporary inheritors of Western Marxism，Findberg and Rosa try to overcome the inherent contradictions that earlier technical criticisms were overwhelmed in a new situation。Finberg follows the technical critical path of the Frankfurt School，Critical absorption of contemporary social sciences, especially social constructivism and the network theory of the actor，Try to reach the realm of human liberation from "critical constructivism" to the elimination of technical alienation。According to Finberg，The technical criticism he made depends on the distinction between his primary toolization and the secondary tool，The former refers to the material that it reveals itself to the subject as a certain function、available resources，The latter emphasizes the design of technology、Social logic dependent on the application。Findberg thinks here，Technology to a large extent is the product of social culture，All given technical order is a potential starting point with different development trends，The reason why technology produces negative effects in the development and use is not the technology itself，and we have not yet designed the appropriate system and through more democratic technology design、The development process realizes the control of technology，Today, which is continuously expanded in the public domain，Our task should be to improve democracy，Realize the benign control of the public's technology。So，The logic of the resistance is grasped here in Finberg.。

Bet365 app download If Fenberg's reverie still retains a little bit of critical theory，So Rosa's theory is as a whole，It is a false criticism of modernity。Rosa refers to modern society to consider "accelerating society"，The history of acceleration is first revealed as technology acceleration，The result of emphasizing the acceleration of technical acceleration should be the release of a lot of time resources in the shortened program time，and slow down the pace of life，But the growth rate of transaction volume in reality far exceeds the rate of technological progress。such as，Digital technology enables people to be fast、Easily accessing all kinds of information that is vital to our daily life，Type the email on the digital device and send it to the other end of the earth in a few seconds，Receive products purchased online for a few days or hours。But at the same time，Information timeliness and product freshness are getting lower and lower，The feelings of everyone are constantly increasing、Holders of the list of transactions that can be listed in the ocean，and forced to speed up your life's pace，This will cause social changes to accelerate。So，Rosa switches the vision of technical criticism from the political field to a wider daily life interface，His criticism of the alienation of capitalist technology has become a criticism of modernity itself。But，The "resonance" provided by Rosa's "resonance" is unavoidable，Because this is not to get rid of the alienation generated by social acceleration，Instead, it is necessary to integrate into it with all your mind，Arrange your own rhythm based on the rhythm of social acceleration，To find a trace of comfort。This is not so much criticism，bet365 Play online games I am rather compromise with capital，There seems to be only two ways in front of him: alienation or coexistence。

The theoretical targets of Finberg and Rosa's theoretical targets with technical rationality、The overallness of the concentration of ideology、The power of depression and all restraints、The phenomenon of degradation of the freedom value and significance of people，The key to liberation belongs to the self -awakening of cultural forces and subjects。So，Contemporary Foreign Marxists did not break away from the framework of the early Western Marxist technical criticism。

The theoretical crystal of the reasons for the failure of the European revolution，Western Marxism is dissatisfied with the mainstream interpretation of Marxism at that time at that time，I hope to create a new social imagination through the thoughts of Marx and Engels，It is believed that although the economic field still has a basic status in modern society，But in terms of modernity of modernity，Standing directly to the front desk to command the main is cultural power。It is based on this，Technical rationalism with cultural criticism as a female problem becomes the main expression of technical criticism。

Generally speaking，The realistic diagnosis of the social effects of scientific and technological development in foreign Marxists abroad、Theoretical grasping and reflection criticism is exquisite，But abandoning the social revolution and technology alienation to resort to the cultural power or the Messiah -style redemption is tantamount to the dream。Not only did they fail to complete materialization、Overcoming of alienation mechanism，Instead, the critical strength of its own theory has been weakened invisible。Foreign Marxist bet365 live casino games technical criticism attempts to replace "Critical Weapon" for "Critical Weapon"，Material social relationships that are attempt to improve with cultural power，Finally moved to the theoretical circuit of utopian construction。

　　(Author Unit: Basic Principles and Development History Research Center of Marxist College of Marxism College of Huazhong Normal University)