The academic community generally thinks，It is different from all works by Marx Engels，Many things are established or discussed for the first time in "Form"。It is in the expression of "Materialism History", "Theory of Class and Class struggle", "Dialectical Relationship between Productivity and Production Relationships"，"Form" for the first time elaborated the "Material History View"，and the "reality premise" bet365 Play online games of the historical view of materialism gives basic prescribed，Usually referred to as "Personal Personal" by the academic community。We might ask，Why does "real individual" become the prerequisite for the historical view of materialism? How to interpret the prescribed "real individual"?

　bet365 best casino games "No premise is absolutely not good"

To break the dilapidated view of history，Create a new view of history，First of all, establish a premise or starting point。Determine the historical premise of science，Can provide a correct starting point for the historical view of materialism，A revolution in realizing the field of materialism in the world of materialism，Determine the boundaries between the historical view and ideal history of materialism。

From a certain sense,，Any historical outlook on the history of human society as the premise of human society as its own problem。Needless doubt，People are the premise and starting point of history，History is the extension of people in time and space，Someone's history is history。People of reality are not "pure conceptual existence"，but an objective and historic existence。As a historical activist，It must be a person living in a certain time and space，Always restricted by certain historical conditions，The core meaning of calibration of historical scale is the core meaning of historical concept is to establish the authenticity of people。But，Many philosophers in history、The thinker does not recognize the truth that he feels and recognizes，Not only does it abandon this basic fact，Still in concept、Methods to emotionally unwilling to establish the premise and starting point of the reality in which people live in their historical views。They think，"Real World is the Product of the Conceptual World"，Concept、Thought、Will and other prerequisites and starting points that constitute the real world，Regulations and dominance and their real life。Here，The actual premise bet365 Play online games of the historical view has nothing to do with them，This also causes idealistic answers to the prerequisite for the history of human society。

The scientific answer to the historical prerequisite promotes the creation bet365 Play online games of the historical view of materialism。The answer to the relationship between the real world of ideas and concepts of idealism and concepts 桎梏 people think about historical prerequisites。To remove the mortar of this kind of old philosophy，It is necessary to realize the jump from ideal history to materialist world view，Find the correct historical premise。Germany's criticism is to interpret the world from "entity", "self -awareness", "class", "person", "only one" and other imaginations，Construction of its theoretical system，Criticism of criticism of Germany，Exposes its essence of idealism，Do you have to abandon its wrong theoretical starting point，Establish the correct starting point and premise。Marx Engels attaches great importance to the premise and starting point when building a new historical perspective，believes: "The premise is not arbitrarily ... but some reality premise that can only be left aside in imagination。This is some realistic individuals。"" "The starting point is the person engaged in actual activities。"" is the repeated emphasis on the "premise" and "starting point"，They have been distinguished from the idealism of Germany from the beginning。The young Hegel faction attributes people to "self -consciousness"、Ferbaha interprets people into abstract "class essence" differences，Marx Engels in "Form" constructs a scientific historical view with "real individual" as the theoretical premise。

Why can "real individuals" be the prerequisite for the establishment of materialist history? Reality's personal is "reality"，The prescribed aspect of its existence and development lies in "their activities"，In short, people who are engaged in material production activities; on the other hand, originated from "their material living conditions"，People who are in certain material production and living conditions，From this，The logic process bet365 Play online games of the historical view of materialism is presented。Specifically，"Form" through the production of material data、Production required、The gradual progressive analysis of the four basic constituent elements of the production and social relationship of the population and the production of social relations，Make the formal logic of the historical view of materialism clarified step by step。The element that always runs through it is the "real individual"，and further sublimate the production and reproduction of material data based on "real individuals"，Social relationships formed on the basis of "personal personal"、Structure and interaction、The historical process and objective laws of existence and development，The final purpose is the "personal individual" in the state of free and comprehensive development in the communist society。"Any historical Bet365 app download record should be from these natural foundations and their changes in people's activities in the historical process。"" Only from the existence of life and its production activities to inspect the historical process，Fang can accurately grasp the historical trend of social development and scientific prediction，and explain the objective laws of historical development and the colorful social development history of human beings。

　"Personal Personal" prescribed

Different understanding of the premise，Determine the different nature bet365 Play online games of the historical view established by the thinkers。Leaving this experience、Study on materialism，No matter how you declare people being "real individual"，There is no help to the historical outlook on creating science。So，How to understand this premise，What is its connotation or essence? What is the relationship between it and the living conditions and material living conditions?

"Personal Personal" is "personal existence of life" and those engaged in actual historical activities。"Form" points out，People are first of all "personal existence of life"，It constitutes a natural prerequisite for the existence and development of society。In addition，People are the main body of social life，Responsibility and reflect the corresponding social relationship。Society is a human society，"Personal Personal" always reflects specific historical conditions and social relationships in social practice and forming various social relations，Follow a certain law to promote its own development and improve。Turn in turn，"Personal Personal" if I ignore the production of personal activities and their material data，There is no difference between Ferbaha's "people"。People exist in society as every fresh individual，The essential attributes of the Period of the production activity，What kind of personal and their development progress depends on the material conditions they produce。"Form" reveals that human social history starts from "real individuals" and gradually expands，This field is a human field，It is formed by human activities。Leaving people to talk about history is unimaginable，Similarly，Leaving the material living conditions of production and production to discuss and people's problems，It is also incredible。

"Personal Personal" and their production activities and material living conditions are unified。"Personal Personal" is by no means pure sensual existence，Instead, the actual emotional activity of the person who is determined by the material living conditions they is engaged is。To study "Personal Personal"，It must be transferred to the scope of social history，Study on human production activities and social relations。Real people want to survive，Bet365 app download History to continue，The foundation of material living conditions cannot be separated。So，People are people produced in society，Decided by the material conditions they produced。Start from "Personal Personal"，Essentially starting from material production。So，"Personal Personal" is the material premise of history，It is also an essential "material condition" for their production practice，These three are unified。Based on this，The premise and foundation of human production and material living conditions from "real individuals" is inevitable。The previous view of history either abandoned this realistic foundation as a performance，Either split it from the historical process，No melon。

"The first thing for any historical outlook is to pay attention to the entire significance and scope of the above basic facts。"German philosophers are not without premise，Just the premise of no material，Absolute spirit、Self -consciousness、"Abstract people" become their prerequisite for their history，From this establishing its own historical philosophy of different colors。"Form "'s inspection of the prerequisite for the history of materialism，It not only provides a solid foundation for comprehensively formulating the historical view of materialism，The principle limit of the principles between the historical view of materialism and the ideal history of idealism。

　The theoretical meaning of "Personal Personal"

The concept of "realistic personal" becomes a prerequisite for the historical view of science，Not only does it mean the completion of the comprehensive liquidation of old philosophy，and think of it as the starting point of the evolution and basic laws that reveal the history of human society，From this abandoning and transcending various historical views in the past，Formally founded the view of materialism。

The concept of "realistic individuals" clarifies the self -creation of people as the historical subject、Self -generating process，dialectically solved the subject and object relationship in the historical field。People are historical subjects，It means to grasp history from practical practice，Organic unity between historical main objects，so as not to make yourself fall into the trap of the "History" tool，Complete the scientific construction of "relationship between people and historical"。Reality、The mutual activities of those engaged in practical activities promote the formation of various social relations，History is not simply a stage for activities，And the human activity itself，Human activities have further enriched the practical picture of history。Overall，"Personal Personal" is both capable and restricted，Double characters carrying "players" and "people in the play"。

The concept of "realistic personal" has brought about the dual confrontation of nature and history Bet365 app download in the past historical concept。"Personal Personal" indicates，The person who is the subject of history must be a person who is "restricted" by nature，Labor not only forms a natural relationship in the material transformation between man and nature，At the same time, we also shaped various social relations，The kind of bias of "nature" with "history" or even completely replaced "nature" can not stand on the feet。Just as "Form" pointed out when criticizing Ferbaha "Half -Zizi Materialism"，"Materialism and history are completely separated from each other"。This is a common problem for old materialism，That is, nature and history seem to be two unrelated things。From the eyes of Marx Engels，The emotional world is the whole of the world created by the individual of realistic activities.，The unity of nature and history will not eliminate the difference between the two，Not to eliminate natural priority。The information required for the survival of the producer is the first historical activity of a person，The importance of material production and natural conditions to human history is obvious。This indicates that "people's relationship with nature is eliminated from history"，"Personal Personal" is natural evolution and historical creation、The contradiction between the individual and society，Interpretation of the inherent contradictions of the evolution of human history。

The rules of the historical development of human society can be revealed in the concept of "realistic"。The change in the premise and starting point is a change of epoch -making significance。The establishment of the concept of "realistic personal" makes Marx abandon abstract、Perspective of people in the biological sense，In -depth analysis of the "personal personal" material production process reveals the laws of the contradiction between birthpiring power and production relationship，According to this, it clarifies the duration of the common structure and social form of society。where，Productivity presents the relationship between people and nature formed by "personal individuals" acting in nature，The production relationship is performed in the social relationship (or form of communication) produced in production and other related activities between the individuals of the realistic individuals。The interpretation of the scientific concepts of "productive forces" and "production relations" in "Form"，It helps to reveal the dialectical connection between productivity and ownership of production relationships in the study of social division of labor and the laws of its contradictions。The understanding of social history has happened real revolution，Clear all the creation of history，A scientific historical view is displayed in front of the world。

"Personal Personal" is both the product of the old philosophical belief Bet365 lotto review of Marx and Engels，It is also the premise and starting point for the formation of the new historical view。Knowing Shi Jian Jin today，Revisiting the profound connotation of the book "Form" and its "realistic personal" concept，It is important for the formation logic of the in -depth understanding bet365 Play online games of the historical view of materialism and the Marx philosophical revolution，For the harmonious coexistence of constructive people and nature、Promoting people’s freedom and comprehensive development also have reference value。

(Author Unit: Renmin University of China 21st Century Marxist Research Coordination Innovation Center、School of Marxism)

Classic Reconstruction

　This historical outlook lies in: the production process of the realistic production from the production of direct life，Like this production method、The form of interaction it produces is the basis of the citizen society at different stages as the basis of the entire history，Description of civic society from the activity of the country as the country，At the same time, all kinds of theoretical products and forms that clarify consciousness from the public society，Religious、Philosophy、morality, etc.，and the process of tracing them。Of course, you can describe things completely (therefore, you can also describe the interaction between these different aspects of things)。... Every individual and the ready -made things encountered by each generation: productivity、The sum of the form of capital and social interaction，The real basis that philosophers imagine as "entity" and "human nature"，It is the real basis for what they deified and fighting with them，This foundation, although the philosophers who appeared as "self -awareness" and "only one", the resistance of the philosophers，But its role and impact on people's development are not disturbed at all because of this。

All historical outlook so far is not completely ignoring this realistic basis of history，Just treat it just as an attached factor that has no connection with the historical process。So，History is always written in accordance with a certain scale outside it; real -life production is regarded as a kind of non -historical thing，and the things of history are regarded as something that is out of daily life，something that is outside the world and beyond the world。This，Just eliminate the relationship between people from nature from history，Therefore, it has caused opposition between nature and history。So，This historical view can only see major political and historical events in history，See the struggle between religion and general theory，and every time I describe a historical age，It has to agree with the fantasy of this era。

The thought of the ruling class is the idea of ​​dominating the dominant position Bet365 lotto review in each era。This means，A class is the material force that occupies the dominant status in society，At the same time, it is also the spiritual force that occupies the dominance in society。Class dominated by material production，At the same time, it is also dominated by psychological means，So，Thoughts of those who have no spiritual production materials，Generally, it belongs to this class。The idea of ​​dominating the dominant status is just a manifestation of the material relationship that dominates the dominant position，It is just a material relationship that occupies the dominant status in the form of thought; therefore，This is the expression of those who make a certain class become the relationship between the ruling class，Therefore, this is the idea of ​​the rule of this class。other，Each person that constitutes the ruling class also has consciousness，Therefore, they also think; since they rule as a class，and determine the entire appearance of a historical era，So，Sorry，They will do this in all areas of this historical era，means，They are also as people who are thinking，Rule as a producer of thought，They regulate the production and distribution of their own thoughts; and this means that their thoughts are the thoughts of the era of dominance。

- "German Ideology"