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Build a coordinated and efficient central and local relations

May 20, 2020 03:39 Source: "China Social Sciences" May 20, 2020 Author: Lai Hai Rong Li Ruide

　　Central and Local Relations，It is related to the country's unity and economic and social development。In the exploration of socialist construction, reform and opening up,，my country has gradually formed a central relationship with Chinese characteristics，Become a key element of the "two major miracles" of the "two major miracles" of the "two major miracles" in the social development of the economy and the long -term stability of the society。but，Due to the vastness of our country、There are many population、Diverse ethnic groups，In addition to the imbalance of economic and social development between regions，It is more difficult to deal with central and local relations than other countries，The task is more difficult。The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Party was proposed，To "rationalize the relationship between the central and local rights and responsibilities"，"Clear power and responsibilities、Financial coordination、Regional balanced central and local fiscal relations，Forms a stable government at all levels、System of Responsibility and Finance Adaptation "。Build a coordinated and efficient central and local relations，Not only is it conducive to stimulating the enthusiasm of the central and local aspects，Also adhere to and improve my country's national system、Objective requirements to promote the modernization of the country。

　　The first is to straighten the relationship between the central and local rights and responsibilities。Since the reform and opening up，my country has been committed to building central and local relations with clear power and responsibility。The Third Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China according to the scope of the impact of specific matters，Divide the "Management of Economic and Social Affairs" into a central management affairs、Local management affairs、Three different types of common management affairs in the central and local and local governments。Since then，my country Bet365 lotto review has been continuing this idea to promote the reform of the central and local rights and responsibility relations，But due to the constraints of objective conditions，The relationship between central land rights and responsibility is unclear in individual fields、Unreasonable and other questions。To reduce the central government's management of micro -transactions，The Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Party proposed to "directly faces the grassroots、Large face wide、It is more convenient and effective from local management "，"Get off the local and grass -roots management"，Encourage "Conditional places to explore and promote the reform of the provincial direct management county (city) system reform"。The Third Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China further implemented the streaming of central and local power and responsibility relationships into institutional settings and functional configurations，The purpose is to build a "run smoothly、full of vitality、Ordering for Ban "mechanism and system。Specifically，In the configuration of vertical power resources，First ensure the unified leadership of the central government，Make the party's political policy、National laws and regulations are effectively implemented in the place。At the same time，The central government should focus on stimulating the vitality of local governance，Give the local agency set more autonomy。In grassroots management，Follow the principle of simple and efficient，Allow "one -to -many" or "more pair"。

　　Subsequent national and local institutional reforms，completed a systematic of the central and local organizations、Plateral Reconstruction，I got a series of important theories、System and practical results。but but，General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Complete the reconstruction of the organizational structure、Implement institutional function adjustment，Just solve the problem of ‘face’，Real "chemical reactions'，There are still a lot of work to do。"So，The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Party more focused on the construction of the institutional mechanism that can cause the "chemical reaction"，It has made an important deployment of "sound and giving full bet365 Play online games play to the two enthusiastic systems and mechanisms of the central and local governments"。Current，To implement the relationship between the power and responsibility between the central land from the principle framework to the more specific institutional arrangement and operating mechanism。1 is to strengthen the management of central macro affairs。Maintaining the unified legal system，Ensure that local regulations and government regulations do not conflict with the national superior law; maintain the unity of the decree，Prevent policies to prevent above、There are countermeasures below，Make sure the order is prohibited、Political order is unblocked; maintaining market unification，Break local protectionist，Effectively stimulate the vitality of various market entities。The second is to gradually reduce the common rights of the central and land。Determine defense、Diplomacy、National Security, etc. related to the country's fundamental、The issue of global interests is based on central affairs，Further strengthen the central government for endowment insurance、Intellectual property protection、across regional ecological environmental protection and other nationwide、The level of overall planning of cross -regional affairs。Third is to stimulate local governance vitality。Gives local and grassroots more autonomy to local and grassroots on the premise of maintaining the unified leadership of the central government，Fully mobilize its enthusiasm and creativity，Promote the formation of local governance that is both standardized, orderly and vibrant。Fourth is to strengthen the bar collaboration。Organize vertical management and local grading management，The relationship between the right and responsibility between the bars and the bars，It is necessary to make the two cooperate with each other，Common management of various affairs in national governance。

　　The second is to coordinate the distribution of central and local financial resources。Reasonably divide the financial income of the central land，It is an important prerequisite for governments at all levels to fulfill their rights liability，It is also an important content of building a coordinated and efficient central Bet365 app download relationship。At the beginning of reform and opening up，my country's implementation of a "diven meal" fiscal bag，Effectively promoted local economic development and fiscal income，but weakened the central government's macro -control ability，Not conducive to the formation of a unified market in the country。1994，my country begins to implement tax -sharing reform，Revisiting the distribution relationship between the central and local fiscal revenue。This reform has been implemented for many years，The central financial resources have been greatly improved，Macro -control ability has been greatly enhanced，However, there are also no matching between the government's financial resources and rights、Local governments "land finance" and intensified debt risk。

　　The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Party emphasized，To "form a stable government at all levels、System of Responsibility and Finance Adaptation "，This requires further coordination of central and local financial distribution。Specifically，1. To improve the central and local income distribution system。Take the reform of the new round of central and local income as an opportunity，Adjustment of promoting a value -added tax deduction tax sharing mechanism、Consumption tax collection links later、Improve various reform measures such as the local tax system to take effect，Further stabilize local and social expectations。Especially to determine the central tax scientifically and reasonably、Local tax and sharing tax，Guided by cultivating and expanding local taxes，Steady Promoting the Reform of the Local Tax System，Focus on enhancing the "blood -making" function of local finances。Second, we must improve the transfer payment system。This system is coordinated regional financial resources、Important ways to guarantee and improve people's livelihood，The key is not the size of the scale of funds，and whether the method and structure of the transfer payment is reasonable。It is necessary to follow the principle of incentive constraints，Further increase the proportion of general transfer payment，Strict control、Clean up the size of the fund and the number of projects for special bet365 live casino games transfer payment，Gradually form a more effective transfer payment system，Make it play a greater role in promoting the balanced regional financial resources。Third, we must continue to deepen the reform of the tax system。According to the legal principle of tax，Promoting the VAT Law、Consumption Tax Law、Deed tax law、Tax legislative work such as urban maintenance and construction tax law，Gradually form a unified tax law、The institutional system of fair tax burden。According to the principle of unified and concise，Optimized tax structure，Gradually increase the proportion of direct tax，Reasonably determine the local tax subject tax。

　　Third, the responsibility of drawing the central government and local rights。Although the reform of the tax system clearly solves the problem of financial distribution in the central and local governments，But the division of rights and expenditure responsibilities is mainly to follow the existing practice，As a result, the responsibility and financial resources of the government are not matched，Urgent needs to be solved by comprehensive deepening reform。Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，Party Central Committee、The State Council takes the reform of the right to affairs as an important breakthrough for comprehensive deepening reforms，A series of reform measures steadily advance、Implementation。The Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee of the Party proposed the goal requirements of "establishing a system of compatible with the responsibility of expenditure"，Clearly specify the principles and methods of division of central and local rights。According to the top -level design of the Party Central Committee，In 2016, the State Council issued a reform plan divided by the central and local fiscal rights and expenditure responsibilities，In order to adjust the rights responsibility of the central and local, the timetable and roadmap。Since then，The State Council is diplomatic、Basic public services、Medical and Health、Emergency rescue、Education、Technology and other fields in the fields of Central Land and other fields have successively introduced a series of reform measures，A solid steps are divided into this "hard bone" to divide this "hard bone"。

　　The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party bet365 live casino games of China "Clear power and responsibility、Financial coordination、Regional Balanced Central and Local Fiscal Relationships "as an important goal for building a new era in the new era。The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China further proposed to "optimize the division of intergovernmental affairs and financial powers"，"Forms a stable government at all levels、System of Responsibility and Finance Adaptation "。For this，On the basis of consolidating the results of the early reform，Further drawing the central and local rights liability。The first is to continue to promote the reform of the right to the main areas.。According to the central government's reform deployment，Continue studying and formulating the reform plan of the right to do with the right to affairs in related fields，Make sure to complete the reform tasks of the main field within the predetermined time。Timely increase the results of reform into legal content，Make a timely formulation of the central and local fiscal relations laws，Forms a more mature and styling institutional system in the central and local rights liability。Second, the dynamic adjustment mechanism of the division of rights liability。Strengthen the supervision, guidance, tracking evaluation of the implementation of the reform of major areas，Reasonable science、Effective reform items are confirmed，Timely adjustment of matters that are not divided and reasonable。At the same time，According to the needs of economic and social development、Changes in the financial resources of governments at all levels，Dynamic adjustment central and local、Provincial and provincial power liability。Third is to accelerate the reform of the fiscal rights below the province。Connect and penetrate the reform of the central and local fiscal relations，Reasonably determine the right to affairs below the province，Optimize the distribution of financial resources below，Improve the provincial and county transfer payment system，Proper increase and moving the provincial expenditure liability，Promote the responsibility of the implementation of the organizational implementation of the county -level government to provide basic public services。

　　(This article is a special commissioned project of Marxist theoretical research and construction project in 2020、State Social Science Foundation bet365 Play online games Special Entrusted Project "Research on the Socialist Administrative System with Chinese Characteristics" (2020MYB034) phased results)

　　(The author is the vice president of Fujian Normal University、Professor; Associate Professor of Marxism College of Fujian Normal University)

Editor in charge: Changchang