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Establish a forward -looking practical social science

February 12, 2020 05:34 Source: "China Social Sciences", February 12, 2020, No. 1864 Author: Huang Zheng Pan Tong

　　Practice Social Science can be regarded as a general name for many practical social sciences，These disciplines have the same or similar research logic in theory and methods。Recent，The 17th Open Times Forum and "Practical Social Science and Chinese Research" International Academic Symposium was held at Renmin University of China，More than 70 scholars from home and abroad attended the meeting。Participants from History、Sociology、Law、Starting from the perspective of national science and other disciplines，In -depth discussion on related issues，Getting fruitful results。

　　Discover problems in practice and give an explanation

　　The advocate of practical social sciences is historian、Mr. Huang Zongzhi, Professor of History at the Los Angeles Campus of the University of California。He thinks，At present, Chinese research is usually started from a specific theoretical position and raised research issues based on this，The purpose is to prove the set "hypothesis"。And this "hypothesis" often comes from the West，When applied to the non -Western world，Social science research often tends to explore the deficiencies of a certain country or region，Hidden or publicly advocated the development of the West。Practical Social Science is to reverse the above cognitive process，Starting from the history and reality of a specific country，Then construct the theory，Discover problems in practice and give an explanation。

　　Yunnan University Tan cut in from the research paradigm of ethnicology，Discuss the paradigm crisis faced by the discipline。He believes that ethnic research is too dependent on cultural interpretation，Leave the contemporary Chinese economy、Practical experience of social and political transformation，In the new period，The perspective of social science with perspective practical experience should be a new direction for national research。Ma Xiaohong, Renmin University of bet365 best casino games China, pointed out through analysis of the research method of Chinese legal history，Research methods should make corresponding development and changes according to reality，Don't just follow the methodology and ignore the real problem，Otherwise, it is difficult to produce the research results of legal history that is rooted in the current social needs。Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Yu Shengfeng discussed this topic from the perspective of French sociology，Think that the practice of rule of law cannot directly apply Western doctrine or blindly adhere to the academic path of localism，and more practical and profound analysis at the social theory level，and make forward -looking criticisms on the development of the rule of law at the level of justice and standardization、Reflection and guidance。The Plateau of Renmin University of China starts from social science methodology.，Pointing out the formalist ideological concepts in economics to form an auxiliary cognitive method that inspires people to understand the world instead of establishing universal laws。The development trend of contemporary economics methodology can be called "substantiveism of formalist economics"，The grasp of this trend helps to eliminate myths of the study of new liberalism with idealization of ideals and theoretical narrative。

　　Understand the society with a practical point of view

　　In terms of specific practical research，Scholars with different discipline backgrounds are based on the history and reality of China，Governance around the grassroots、Village Economy、legal practice and other issues published their own opinions。

　　In the research of grassroots governance，Governance technology is widely discussed。Chen Baifeng, the University of Central South Economics and Law, believes，The characteristics of "crowded society" in rural governance space and the characteristics of "decentralization of power" restrict the grassroots law enforcement capabilities。and the space regionalization mechanism can reconstruct the grassroots law enforcement，bet365 Play online games It realizes the integration and regionalization of law enforcement agencies by establishing a comprehensive governance (law enforcement) system，By incorporating the main body of village -level governance into the law enforcement system to realize the division and localization of space，Time and space partitioning through time and resource scenarios，Finally reconstructing rural governance space and its power density，Solve the problems of weak law enforcement power and insufficient law enforcement capabilities。Fudan University Xiong Yihan passed the follow -up survey of Shanghai Town and L streets (2012-2018)，It is found that the Internet technology has profoundly changed the structure of grassroots power: before the rise of the Internet，Grassroots power structure contains grass -roots governments、Three circles of activists and the masses; on the era of Weibo and Owners Forum，Grassroots opinion leaders have risen and become important social forces; in the WeChat era，Grassroots Opinion Leader Micro，Grass -roots governments directly contact the masses through WeChat platforms，Network technology has become a tool for refined management。These three stages correspond to the limited mobilization government、Consultation government and user -friendly government。

　　In terms of rural economic research，Land issues are always the core of rural economic problems。Xia Mingfang, Renmin University of China, think，The most fundamental problem of the Chinese revolution from history is the problem of land，Allocation of property rights、Questions about the legitimacy of the land operation of the land operation。Lin Gang of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences believes that land is not just a product，It is more related to the basic guarantee of ordinary people，Point out by retrospective historical data，Land buying and selling cannot solve land problems。Huang Jialiang, Renmin University of China，The concept of land concept of farmers present presents a complex form of "language confusion"，It is the result of the two sets of discourse bet365 best casino games systems of the concept of presence and "market -property rights".。The existing agricultural land system is at the same time as the land collective framework，Implement a series of institutional arrangements for marketization，to generate a land concept structure with internal tension。Pei Xiaolin, Rongde University, Sweden, uses dynamic property theory to test the Agricultural and Agricultural Revolution of England and China。It discovered the agricultural and industrial revolution in England、Capitalist private property rights and market systems are the per capita arable land of agricultural population，Especially the per capita sowing area has changed from decreased to increasing results，Instead of the capitalist market system and private property rights that the theory of neoclassical property rights theory, the Agricultural and Industrial Revolution in England。

　　In terms of legal practice research，Sichuan University Jingfenghua、Jiang Zhengyang, Renmin University of China and An Bingri, the University of Saikino State University in the United States, conducted research on the practice and change of Chinese relatives and inheritance systems，Show the complex contradiction between the spiritual spirit and the traditional concept。Fudan University Zhao Liuyang's study of labor disputes in litigation cases，Proposed government -led practical law should be understood in the multi -complicated relationships of local governments and markets，The construction of labor law cannot emphasize the logic of the old substantialist labor protection of the old substantialist labor protection logic。Zhang Yanhan, Sichuan University, through the limitations of legal transplantation，Point out that you want to clarify the problem of dislocation and its roots in the investigation and evidence，It is necessary to enter the real and evidence collection process to grasp the structure of the action subject、behavior and motivation，Based on this measuring tailoring、Fixed -point breakthrough，Can't pick solutions from existing methods outside the territory。

　　During the evaluation stage，Some scholars have conducted a detailed evaluation of the above research。Tsinghua University Zhang Xiaojun extended the point of view of Mr. Tan，I believe that the concept of the nation itself is the product of practice，Now you should also understand it with a practical point of view。Our current understanding of national concepts is not largely derived from practice，but a mixed from Western views and traditional concepts。Su Chengjie of Stanford University in the United States proposed a report on the three people including Jing Fenghua，The retrospective scope of the study system and legal practice changes should be wider，Information about the Republic of China and before reform and opening up。Wang Yuesheng, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, pointed out the report of Xiong Wansheng, East China University of Technology，Family business models in different geographical environments are diverse，instead of the rigidity and homogeneity of pure under the system。Tsinghua University Wang Hui proposed the problem of separation between "expression reality" and "objective reality" for Huang Zongzhi，It believes that the concept has the ability to move，Except for analytical categories，Can also organize and create reality。When we are studying social phenomena，Need to be close to it，Keep a certain distance again，In this way, you can master the operating mechanism behind it，Mr. Huang Zongzhi's methodology has important inspiration to achieve the above goals。Huang Zongzhi pointed out for Pei Xiaolin's report，England's experience phenomenon is unique，It has a large historical accidental，However, it was constructed as a universal experience and road and imposed on the world，seriously hindered the understanding of China and other post -developed countries。

　　Expansion Practice Social Science

　　At this meeting，Huang Zongzhi reflects and expands the practical social science proposition，The system proposes a new proposition of "establish a forward -looking practical social science"。He thinks，The advantage of the existing bet365 Play online games substantive theory is that it is not easily dominated by other theories or ideology，Summary and experience evidence connection is closer，More in line with reality。The current problem of the construction of China's new theory is the lack of "forward -looking"，The academic for truth is based on precise experience research，Through the choice of existing theory、Dialogue、Reconstruction and advancement to establish an empirical boundary、Effective、More in line with experience and actual summary，Then return to the experience/practice world to test。Academic issues should be from the motivation of truth and moral value of truth and lofty moral value，It should not be limited to the research methods of vulgarity and instrumental/utilitarianism that are popular today or their so -called "problem consciousness"。

　　Wu Chongqing, Sun Yat -sen University, think，One of our "forward -looking" propositions in our current era is how to study China more in line with actual situation、Understand China，Understanding China between the times、Internal connection between regions，Understand the world of China and China in the world。This requires us to jump out of the mainstream Western theory to know China，China that practically understands the traditional revolution and reform of China，Study China as a method at the same time。China as a method is not a mysterious China，but a opened China，A China full of kinetic energy and practical potential。To know China that is changing with each passing day，Social science that especially needs practice。

　　Tsinghua University Cui Zhiyuan pointed out，Practice、The three concepts of essence and practicality are closely linked，To understand the moral philosophy and related discourse。From practice to practice，It is more in line with the actual situation than studying the so -called universal Western theory。Xiong Wansheng also put forward his own opinions on "Sanzan"，Think "real" also corresponds to ideals，That is the forward -looking problem mentioned by Mr. Huang Zongzhi。There are bet365 best casino games three kinds of ideals，The ideal of as an ideal type、The ideal of moral value and the so -called wish and wish，We can't just talk about reality in the first or second aspect、Practice and forward -looking，For scholars，Paying attention to your original intention and the discrimination of good and evil。

　　(Author Unit: Research Center for Sociology and Methods of Renmin University of China)

Editor in charge: Changchang