The concept of “vulnerability” was first introduced into the field of natural disaster research in the 1970s，Refers to subsystem (such as city subsystem、Ecological subsystem) sensitivity to internal or external disturbances in the system and the resulting damage to the system itself。With the continuous expansion of the field of vulnerability research，Social Structure、The role of political and economic systems and other social factors in the system being affected by disasters is increasingly valued，bet365 champions league research has become an important branch of vulnerability research。bet365 champions league can be understood as: a social system exposed to the impact of disasters，A vulnerability due to potential adverse social factors and weak disaster response capabilities。Research on bet365 champions league can help people find breakthroughs to improve the adverse conditions before disasters，Recover faster from disasters，Enhance social resilience。

　　Empirical research on bet365 champions league research trends

bet365 champions league research explains the differences in the impact of disasters or the ability to cope with disasters among different groups，It has great advantages in areas such as predicting potential risk points in the future。In recent years，bet365 champions league continues to evolve as an effective analytical tool，Especially in the field of empirical research, rapid progress。

First，bet365 champions league research initially focused on analyzing the potential vulnerability of social systems，Gradually expands to the internal connection mechanism of social systems and natural ecological environment elements、Interaction influence area，Integrating bet365 champions league dimensions with natural disasters、Cross-integrated analysis of external disturbances such as climate change，To reveal the mechanism of interaction between social systems and ecological systems。Li Ning et al. calculated 551 county samples in 1982、1990、Discovered after the 2000 Ecological Vulnerability and bet365 champions league Index，The effect of ecological vulnerability on bet365 champions league is gradually weakening，The number of provinces and regions with significant effects has been reduced from the previous five to two；Vice versa，The effect of bet365 champions league on ecological vulnerability changes from weak to strong。Wen Yanjun and others found out after studying the literature on drought in North China from 1876 to 1879，The interaction between extreme drought disasters and bet365 champions league creates a vicious cycle，Causing the impact of drought to be magnified、Delivery。Proposed by Zhang Hui and others，Nonlinear escalation of some disasters，Not just because of the superposition of disaster-causing factors，It is caused by the coupling of bet365 champions league factors and disaster-causing factors。

Secondly，Many scholars use bet365 champions league analysis tools，To the national level、The regional differences and spatiotemporal evolution of bet365 champions league characteristics at the provincial, district and municipal level are analyzed。Ge Yi et al. studied the spatiotemporal change characteristics of bet365 champions league to air pollution across the country from 2000 to 2014: bet365 champions league has experienced a gradual improvement from generally high to a local improvement in the Northeast，The process of gradual improvement from local areas to improvement in the eastern coastal and central and western regions。Lu Daming and others think，bet365 champions league has obvious agglomeration characteristics in space，Generally, areas with higher levels of urbanization will show lower bet365 champions league，Under the influence of trickle-down effect，County-level units around cities will reduce the vulnerability of their social systems more quickly。Zhang Yazhou studied the spatial and temporal pattern of bet365 champions league to natural disasters in Shanghai，Believe that there are differences in changes in bet365 champions league between central urban areas and suburbs，bet365 champions league in central urban areas is on the rise，The suburbs are showing a downward trend。Wu Chang’s research discovery，The flood disaster risk scores in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin show a strong spatial positive correlation，i.e. in areas with high levels of bet365 champions league and disaster exposure，Flood risk levels are also higher。

Finally，Many scholars have carried out a lot of research work in the field of revealing the institutional drivers of bet365 champions league。Some scholars believe，In various institutional arrangements that have a direct impact on bet365 champions league，The social security system is the most critical，The lack of social security amplifies bet365 champions league，Adequate social security supply will enhance people’s resilience in the face of disasters。Yang Long et al. measured the vulnerability of farmers in poor areas and found that，There are certain differences in factors affecting the vulnerability of farmers in different regions，But build a house、Weddings and funerals、Shock events such as serious illness treatment are common factors that lead to the vulnerability of farmers。

In comparison，Quantitative research is more favored by bet365 champions league researchers，There is a relative lack of qualitative research。Find out the reason，This may be related to the fact that vulnerability research started in the field of natural science。But in fact，bet365 champions league is more about collective action and social solidarity。Therefore，Qualitative research should be given more attention in bet365 champions league research，For example, group actions to resolve and respond to disasters are more suitable for qualitative research。

　　Multi-dimensional constructed bet365 champions league research system

bet365 champions league involves all dimensions of society，Every discipline is trying to find an entry point，This determines that its research system construction has multi-dimensional characteristics。bet365 champions league research，The VSD (Vulnerability Scoping Diagram) framework of "exposure-sensitivity-adaptability" is an analysis framework used by many scholars，This framework has continued to develop and improve in recent years，Dimensions continue to expand。

Tan Shuhao and others from exposure、Starting from the three important dimensions of vulnerability, sensitivity and adaptive capacity，Conducted bet365 champions league assessment in ecologically fragile areas where poor people are relatively concentrated。In the first level indicator，Measuring exposure using climate change scenarios and natural disaster scenarios；Measuring sensitivity using socio-demographic status and natural resource dependence；Measure adaptability using willingness to adapt and capital to adapt。Huang Xiaojun and others also constructed a bet365 champions league analysis framework for urban high temperature based on the above three core dimensions of bet365 champions league，Calculated the exposure index of each city in China、Contribution of sensitivity index and adaptive capacity index to high temperature bet365 champions league index。Chen Jia et al. applied VSD framework and SERV (Spatially Explicit Resilience-Vulnerability) model，Constructed a comprehensive index system to assess the vulnerability of social-ecological systems in semi-arid areas of China。He Yanbing combines bet365 champions league and ecological vulnerability、Adaptability and other aspects are included in the same analysis framework，Integrate the vulnerability situation of actors with the adaptive choices and actions made by individuals or groups in response to external shocks，To identify environmental changes more accurately、The relationship between social structure and actors。

In terms of specific methods，Many scholars use principal component analysis to assign weights to relevant influencing factors。Fan Yunxiao and others used the analytic hierarchy process to assess the bet365 champions league of China to multiple disasters。Ge Yi et al. used the projection pursuit clustering method to evaluate the bet365 champions league index of air pollution in various provinces in China。Li Ning et al. In order to avoid that the comprehensive index method cannot reflect the degree and direction of the mutual influence between social and ecological vulnerability indicators、Correlation coefficient analysis cannot explain issues such as causal relationships，Using instrumental variable estimation method to reveal the direction of interaction between bet365 champions league and ecosystem vulnerability indicators。

　　Integrating bet365 champions league and resilience research

With the expansion of bet365 champions league application fields，Geography、Disaster Science、Environmental Science、Scholars in various fields such as sociology start from the perspective of their respective disciplines，Conducted in-depth and detailed research and groundbreaking explanation of "bet365 champions league" with the help of existing theories in this discipline。But in terms of interdisciplinary intersection and integration，The clear separation between social sciences and natural sciences is still relatively obvious，Multidisciplinary integration still faces many obstacles，The relatively complete one has not yet been refined、Standardized bet365 champions league theoretical system。bet365 champions league is far under-researched in sociology，The existing theoretical achievements of sociology and vulnerability analysis have not yet been well integrated，Innovative and theoretical research results are still lacking。To achieve interdisciplinary intersection and integration，More efforts are needed to further explore the concept of bet365 champions league and build a theoretical system，Promote bet365 champions league research paradigm to be more scientific、Normalization；Especially when combined with social resilience research，People should be promoted from passively adapting to disasters to actively responding to disasters。bet365 champions league actually reflects the strength of social resilience。The stronger the social resilience，The smaller the bet365 champions league is，The opposite is also true。Therefore，A combination of research on the two，New research areas will be formed。

bet365 champions league assessment is both an assessment of bet365 champions league，It is also a reflection of social resilience，Therefore it is an important entry point to combine vulnerability and resilience research。bet365 champions league assessment models are becoming increasingly mature and diversified，Exposure、Sensitivity and adaptability have been recognized by many scholars as three dimensions for understanding and assessing vulnerability，But this evaluation method is limited in the selection of alternative indicators、Indicator data processing、There are still debates on the weighting of indicators and the calculation of evaluation results，There are situations such as incomplete information in the evaluation index system and overlapping information，It is necessary to further improve the screening method of indicators、Weight determination method。In addition，The assessment of bet365 champions league under multiple disturbances is still in its infancy，There is still a need to further explore analytical methods and tools that can accurately reveal how external disturbance factors such as social systems and ecological systems interact with each other from a mechanistic perspective。These bet365 champions league assessment methods and indicators can be used to measure social resilience，Can form a good interaction with social resilience evaluation。

Case studies are also an effective way to combine bet365 champions league research with social resilience research。By observing the same case from different perspectives，You will see more clearly the fragility and resilience in the operation of society。for example，Sufficient case studies on bet365 champions league，It will provide useful reference for social resilience research。Most existing bet365 champions league research cases are limited to the national level、Provincial, district and city level，There are relatively few empirical cases based on local scale，This is not conducive to giving full play to the application advantages of bet365 champions league research and in-depth exploration of factors affecting bet365 champions league。Future bet365 champions league analysis as an effective research perspective and analysis tool，Can be applied to poverty、Employment、Public health and more，On the one hand, it effectively expands the explanatory power of bet365 champions league research，On the other hand, we must ensure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects、Provide strong intellectual support to achieve the goals of "six stability and six guarantees"。

(Author’s unit: Institute of Information and Intelligence, Chinese Academy of bet365 champions league Sciences)