Family is the basic unit of society，Family welfare policy can effectively enhance the ability of family to face external risks，to maintain the firmness of the social network、Stability of social order。In the context of increasing social risks，Studies in family -related fields should be strengthened，Constantly improving the family welfare support system。

　　Bet365 lotto review

Family welfare policy with the government and society as the main body，Implementation allowance、vacation、Social Service and other forms of family support policies，The main content is maternity services (medical care during pregnancy period、paid maternity leave)、Children's care (paid childcare leave、Public childcare service、Children's Education)、Family allowance (Children's allowance、Tax reduction and exemption), etc.。my country's current family welfare policy is in the stage of replacement to inclusive transitions，Policy design needs to be further improved，Change the current coverage of the current coverage、Light strength、The status quo of decentralized management，Highlight the basic of family policy、Core and global features。

Family welfare policy is a family -based and center institutional model，Taking all citizens as the beneficiary object，But the policy formulation and coverage group should focus on。Diversified family types of modern society，Family members constitute different，There are also differences in the actual situation facing。When formulating a policy，Families of raising one or more minor children as the main body，Based on the full development of supporting and guarantee family members。In the family of raising minors，Single -parent families have only one adult to take care of their children alone，Economic dilemma faced、Social pressure、Work and child care conflict is relatively significant，bet365 live casino games It should receive special attention from family welfare policy。Single -parent welfare system designed for parents and children for single -parent families，It should be an important part of the family welfare policy。Although there are the main force of maintaining family solidarity in Chinese society，But the influence of factors such as population flow，Single -parent families are not uncommon。The existence of these families has a certain impact on both children's growth and social order，More attention and support should be given。And my country's current family welfare policy is inadequate to meet the needs and development of minor children, especially children with specific conditions。Take single -parent children as an example，The main cash assistance currently obtained from the minimum insurance system，and the subsistence allowance system uses the family as the application unit，Perform the same rescue standard for children and adults，The guarantee standard is the lowest living benchmark line。With other countries with children as the institutional center、Compared with the family welfare system that supports family parenting design，The following problems have the following problems: the child is not used as the subject of policy design，Failure to highlight the advantage of children; lower rescue standards，Not echoing children's growth、Unique demand for development。So，Improve my country's family welfare policy，Pay attention to family type diversity，Not only must we improve the general family benefits，More attention to the problems and needs of children's children's children，Improve single -parent family welfare policy。

　　Family welfare policy is developed according to social development

Social development level、Different economic conditions and population structure，Determined the differences in family welfare policy in each country。For example，Although Sweden and Britain are both welfare countries，But the former implemented a popular family welfare policy，The latter since Bet365 lotto review the reform of the two parties in the 1990s，from a popular type to institutional type，While highlighting national benefits，Emphasize personal responsibility。and the United States as a country with a tight family welfare policy in developed countries，Pay attention to individuals in terms of policy concept、Although Sweden。Although Sweden、UK、The United States and other countries are facing the increase in single -parent families、High poverty rate for children in single -parent families、The same problem with the low employment rate of single -parent people，But in the concept and measures of single -parent family policy formulation，Still very different，All policies that meet the development of the country according to the specific national conditions。This difference is not only reflected in the historical time period，It is also reflected in specific policy measures。

Although Sweden is one of the countries with the highest single -parent family in Europe，The "social problem" of a single parent family is not prominent，Low poverty ratio of single -parent children，Only about 5%，and the United States this data is 20%。The Swedish government has established a basic family payment system for single -parent families，Provides quite good social allowances，Including children's allowances、Raising allowance、Parental holidays, etc.。At the same time，The Swedish government has adopted a positive labor market policy，Encourage young single mothers to join the labor market，Dual -track policy of equal emphasis on home policy and labor market。Government investment creates employment opportunities for single -parent parents，Provide professional training and continuing education，Provide medical care、support projects such as childcare measures and employment reduction and exemption。In order to eliminate the worries of single -parent parents to take care of their children，The Swedish government provides a national child care system。As a former welfare country，How is bet365 best casino games the dilemma facing the individual、Fortune responsibility for family and country。A quarter of the UK with a children's family is a single parent family，The poverty rate of single -parent children is 42%，and the poverty rate of children and children in both parents is 23%。With the increase in single -parent families and the increase in unemployment rates of single -parent parents，The British government begins to adopt new welfare policies，Increase the work requirements for welfare recipients。The British government thinks，Single parents participating in paid labor is the "best way to get rid of poverty"，But researchers think，Promote the work of single parents，Can't rely on the "minimum child age" as a measure of measures，Instead, we need to go deep into the group for research，Understand the reasons and situations of individuals who do not work。The characteristics of a single parent family in the United States are unmarried single -parent families occupy the mainstream，High poverty rate，This is related to the relatively weak social welfare system of the US government。Compared to other Western countries，Single -parent welfare policy in the United States covers narrow coverage，Strict application conditions。1996，The Clinton government promulgated the "Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunities Coordination Act" (PRWORA)，ending the federal "endless" cash aid project，It indicates that the United States will open the era of "conditional benefits"。PRWORA is the most related to single -parent parents is temporary assistance (TANF)。TANF's core concept is to work to eliminate poverty，Combination of labor -remuneration mode with personal responsibilities，It aims to pass vocational training、Employment incentive、Medical and Children's Nursing Service and other measures，Promote the applicant to leave the welfare system，Individual responsibility for your own welfare，Reduce government welfare fiscal expenditure。

Examine Sweden、Single -parent welfare policy bet365 live casino games in the UK and the United States，Compare its features and differences，International experience that helps us learn and draw on family welfare policies，Integrate China's basic national conditions and cultural characteristics，Development is more suitable for Chinese society、Family welfare policy for economic and population development。

　　Promote the better integration of the family into society

Sweden、The main characteristics of the British and American family welfare policy are two points，First，Pay attention to providing cash allowances to meet children's survival and development for raising minor children, especially single -parent families, especially single -parent families; second，Gradually advocate the transformation of "welfare to work"，Promoting the application object with labor ability (mainly single -parent people) to participate in employment，Leaving the welfare system，Personal benefits with work。This is in line with the social characteristics centered on Western society，It is also in line with the social achievement view with economic income as the main criterion，But the personalist orientation of the family welfare policy has also been viewed and criticized。Take single -parent welfare policy as an example，Critics think，First，Single -parent people (including other people with difficulties) are difficult to employment，Not for welfare dependence，Instead, the structured restrictions of the social environment，such as economic downturn、Education level、Work experience、health status、Child care, etc.。Next，Only participating in work may slow down the poverty of single -parent families，But forced work may cause damage to the physical and mental health of parents and children。Last，Employment is means rather than goals，The ultimate purpose of the family welfare policy should be to help families in need to integrate into society。So，Researchers think，Family welfare policy should not pay too much attention to short -term effects，If the number of applicants is reduced Bet365 app download and the government's fiscal expenditure，Should have long -term development goals，If you are committed to promoting the social integration of the family，Enhance the family's support network system，Guarantee children's safety and development。

Compared to Sweden、Western countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States，There is a unique family advantage in Chinese society，Family network support function is outstanding，Family member relationships can be connected deep、strong willingness to assist each other，Individuals, especially women, have a higher willingness to participate in the labor market，The conflict between work and benefits is not obvious。But China also has similar family problems caused by the development of modern society，increased number of single -parent families，Raise and take care of the children with a heavier burden，Weaken family anti -risk ability，For children's allowance、The demand for family welfare policies and measures such as children care services increases, etc.。So，When we are designing a family welfare policy，It is necessary to follow the stage of Chinese social development and unique family cultural traditions，Responsive the urgent problems and needs of our families，Construction of modern family welfare system that is in line with national conditions。This requires full play to give full play to the country、Market、Community、Multi -level network support effects of the family，Embeds the family into the community (village)、In the Internet relations that surpass the regional scope in the local social network，Forming national policy assistance、Social support and family function organic combination，Realize multiple common burdens、Multi -layer mutual assistance family welfare support system。

In short，The essence of family welfare policy is to ensure family economic security，Promote the development of family members。Improve Chinese family welfare policy，Not only should I make a technical policy support for the family type，It is also necessary to summarize and condense Bet365 lotto review based on the status of Chinese culture and social development。Improve Chinese family welfare policy，It is also necessary to strengthen the study of basic disciplines such as sociology，Digging the deep -seated operation logic of Chinese society，Social structure elements of exploring the healthy development of the family。

　　(Research on the Welfare level and anti -inverse force improvement mechanism of single -parent family children in the Humanities and Social Sciences Project of the Ministry of Education of the Ministry of Education (15YJC840013) phase results)

(Author Unit: School of Political Science and Law, Capital Normal University)