I have been following the research of Professor Wu Guanjun of East China Normal University，Let’s talk about Wu Guanjun’s new book "From Metaverse to Quantum Reality: Towards a Posthumanist Political Ontology" published in June 2023。bet365 bonus bets is a "big book"，But today is no longer the era of "big books"，The era of "little books" has arrived。Besides，Make the "Metaverse" into a paper "big book"，It seems to be a problem too。However，In my opinion，bet365 bonus bets book is a work that carries "big politics", "big imagination" and "big art"，bet365 bonus bets is its contribution。

The first is "big politics"。bet365 bonus bets was originally Nietzsche’s concept，is physiologically-psychologically oriented，Obviously thinking from the standpoint of "natural humans"。And Wu Guanjun’s “big politics”，The so-called “posthumanist political ontology”，But bet365 bonus bets is quantum theory-cosmology。Of course the two are completely different。

The second is “big imagination”。Wu Guanjun uses a series of novel and fashionable concepts and topics in this book，Such as "metaverse", "metaphysics", "singularity", "entropy", "anthropocene", "dark cave", "boundless universe", "mathematical universe", "participatory universe", "quantum reality", "bet365 bonus bets formation" wait，Focus on the six "channels" of "future+", "capital+", "image+", "reality+", "bet365 bonus bets+" and "politics+"，formed a grand political philosophy about virtual reality and the future bet365 bonus bets。In the face of this new technological bet365 bonus bets that is accelerating change and the new way of existence of technological humans，We really need to activate our imagination，Innovate our expressions and words，The conceptual approach of traditional philosophy is not enough。This work must be done by people，Wu Guanjun actually started doing it a long time ago。I think his vision is high-profile and optimistic，It is a kind of "big imagination"。

Finally, there is “big art” related to “big imagination”。Wu Guanjun’s book can be regarded as an “artistic text”，It attempts to break through "humanistic social science"，Exploring the "intra-action" of posthuman individual and sub-individual agents，Participate in what he calls "bet365 bonus bets formation"。In my opinion，This is actually the implementation of artistic political practice in the sense of "contemporary art" by Joseph Beuys - "social sculpture"。This is very interesting and meaningful。Now，It is becoming increasingly difficult to engage in philosophy and theory，The rapidly changing new technologies and phenomena require us to constantly construct hypothetical ideas about the future bet365 bonus bets，This is when art is needed。Wu Guanjun’s recent books show that，He has this creativity，And it has achieved outstanding results。

Because the book is too thick，The meaning is too grand，I may not have fully read bet365 bonus bets yet，Only a few issues that may not be mature have been formed。To sum bet365 bonus bets up in three simple sentences: ontology is not change theory；The future cannot be archaeological，But bet365 bonus bets can be predicted and imagined；I’m afraid the theoretical stance of “posthumanism” also has problems。

The first is a technical concept usage issue，Involving the understanding of "ontology"。I want to say，“Ontology” is not “change theory”。Wu Guanjun wants to construct a "changeable ontology" or "changeable ontology"，But this expression is rough。Theoretical expression certainly requires innovation，But redefine traditional concepts and proper names，It’s better to be cautious。"Ontology" or Ontology, which is usually translated as "existential theory" (I would like to translate it as "ontology"), is a discussion about "existence-form"，This has always been the case。The "ontology" originating from ancient Greece constructs an unchanging form-concept-abstract bet365 bonus bets，This unchanging bet365 bonus bets of form has been fully realized and expanded in today’s digital age，Existence through numbers、Big data and artificial intelligence，Also includes the so-called "metaverse"。About "change" or "becoming"，Another way of discussion has been formed since Aristotle，The so-called "realism" or "realism" in later generations。No mutable ontology，Only the revelation of the formal structure of mutable things，As Heidegger did in Being and Time (1927)；And，Heidegger’s later ideological experience also shows that，This road is blocked。But anyway，Wu Guanjun has a sensitive insight: about the existence of the virtual bet365 bonus bets，There must be a new ontological definition，This is what he calls “posthumanist political ontology”。I have also called this “extended ontology/ontology”。Basically means，We need to rebuild—expand—existential understanding。

bet365 bonus bets also involves the second issue I want to discuss，What Wu Guanjun calls “future archeology”，He calls it “a completely new research path”。“Future Archeology” sounds like a paradox、Interesting idea，Quite tense。But can "future archeology" be established？I have actively promoted the research and discussion of "Future Philosophy" in recent years，Often criticized: the future will be the future，The future is unknown，How is it possible to philosophize and speak about it？There is no "philosophy of the future"？Deconstruction of history is the prerequisite for thinking about the future，Of course there is no problem with bet365 bonus bets。Wu Guanjun’s discussion traces the “metaverse” to “metaphysics” or “metaphysics”，It may be possible to talk about "archaeology" in bet365 bonus bets sense；But the book also says that "future archeology" is to "examine existing statements about the 'future'，Conduct critical and analytical research”，Calling such research “future archeology”，In my opinion it is quite reluctant，And it may become a theoretical self-limitation。The future is unknown，But unknowable does not mean unpredictable and unimaginable。The future is conceivable，It requires imaginative detection。Imagination and detection of the future belong to art or art philosophy，Instead of archeology。

The third issue is the position of "posthumanism"。Wu Guanjun tried to rectify the name of the "Metaverse"，Through what he sees as a “changeable ontology” opened up by quantum mechanics，Gives the assumption that “the bet365 bonus bets is uncertain” and “the bet365 bonus bets is unreal”: “The ‘bet365 bonus bets’ we live in，No more real than the virtual Metaverse。”Since the mid-19th century，Mainly by Marx、The modern philosophical criticism initiated by Nietzsche targets the "real bet365 bonus bets" constructed by traditional metaphysics (i.e., the transcendental-existential bet365 bonus bets constructed by philosophy and the transcendental-divine bet365 bonus bets constructed by theology)，The metaphysical "real bet365 bonus bets" is also called "another bet365 bonus bets" or "super-sensible bet365 bonus bets" by Nietzsche。And "this bet365 bonus bets"，The “perceptual bet365 bonus bets” we live in，Reconfirmed as "Real bet365 bonus bets"。When Wu Guanjun asserts that our living bet365 bonus bets is no more real than the virtual bet365 bonus bets，Is he going to turn the bet365 bonus bets upside down again by modern philosophy？

I recently read "Why the bet365 bonus bets Doesn't Exist" by Markus Gabriel？》，What he calls “new realism” sounds mysterious，But the key "meaning field" theory is actually in the same vein as Heidegger's "bet365 bonus bets theory"。Not unlike Wu Guanjun，And it may get worse，Gabriel simply said "This bet365 bonus bets does not exist"。But this bet365 bonus bets really doesn’t exist、Isn’t it true？Today’s reality、Today’s bet365 bonus bets is no longer an absolutist reality and bet365 bonus bets，Of course we must see the diversification and relativization of such a bet365 bonus bets。Reality is diverse、Fragmented，There is no absolute reality。However，Multiple、Relative reality does not mean that this bet365 bonus bets is unreal or even does not exist。This bet365 bonus bets is still "real" - but this "reality" is relative reality。We cannot jump from one pole to the other。

After all, we are still in the natural human context，Although natural humans are being accelerated by technology，Natural humans are evolving towards the so-called "post-human"。What is "posthumanity"？Is “posthumanism” legal？Although there are various rhetoric about "posthumanity"，But the pointing is basically the same，The new form of human existence prescribed by modern technology。In bet365 bonus bets sense，We have to admit Nietzsche’s genius foresight，He proposed the “last man” or “last man” who was calculated and planned。Attention，Nietzsche used the words "calculation" and "planning" here，It seems that we have foreseen the "digital civilization" that really started in the second half of the 20th century。

What philosophical stance should we take today？How should philosophy explore issues today？Between the embodied existence of natural humans and the virtual existence of technological humans，Which side should we speak on?？Wu Guanjun’s position is obvious，He is a staunch "posthumanist"。But from my understanding，“Posthumanism” is like “humanism”，Also a problematic position。Because，Even like what Wu Guanjun said in the book，“The human civilization of this ‘bet365 bonus bets’，The remaining time has entered”；Or as Hawking asserts，Natural humans will eventually lose to robots and artificial intelligence，Naturally, human civilization only has a hundred years left - but as long as it is entangled with nature and technology、Human beings between embodiment and virtuality still live in the bet365 bonus bets and language，It is impossible to completely abandon the "humanist" position and adopt the so-called "posthumanist" position。

Zhou Lian gave a "compromise" strategy when commenting on Fukuyama's "Our Posthuman Future": "When looking forward to the development prospects of modern science and technology，We must get rid of the idea of ​​​​anthropocentrism，Only in bet365 bonus bets way can we foresee the crisis。Meanwhile，Reflecting on the ethical and political issues brought about by modern technology，Anthropocentrism is the principle and bottom line that must be adhered to，Only in bet365 bonus bets way can the crisis be resolved。”bet365 bonus bets strategy is speechless，But bet365 bonus bets is precisely the normal attitude of contemporary theory in the face of fragmented and diverse reality，A pragmatic and sober stance，Maybe it can be compared with Heidegger’s “duality” (Zwiefalt) thinking strategy。If we say that what humanity will face in the future is a fundamental “duality”，i.e. nature and technology、The “duality” of natural humans and technological humans，So whether "humanism" and "posthumanism" from a theoretical standpoint also have to constitute a not inconsistent duality of "both-and"？

　　(Author’s affiliation: School of bet365 bonus bets, Zhejiang University)