The country is the result of the development of civilizations to a certain stage，and religious beliefs are closely related to the regional environmental characteristics and civilization of a country or nation。Ancient Greek civilization as a typical form of the Mediterranean civilization，It is very different from the early Chinese civilization。

In ancient Greece，The establishment of the early state was through the blood of the blood.、The collapse of the tribe forms a new political system structure。Prehistoric Chinese society's complexity process is through internal agglomeration，The "composite" political architecture that forms a combination of blood and geography。It is these two evolutionary roads，Make the society and religion of ancient China and ancient Greece、There is an important difference between faith。

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The ancient Greek gods are mostly natural gods。In its god system，From Zeus to Olympus Mountains all the gods，All are the personality of the natural god。At the same time，Although the clan of ancient Greece、Cornections、The tribe has its own deities，But the gods such as the Olympic Mountains such as Zeus are open、Publicity。So，Religion and myths in ancient Greece were used as words that were used by various cities at that time。Especially in the clan、Cornections、The tribal society transitions to civil society，Religion and myths are also constantly transforming，and synchronize with the political needs of the people，Public God of becoming a city -state、The shelter and spiritual belief。and the Greek citizens bet365 Play online games through repeated sacrifice rituals，generate enthusiastic religious enthusiasm，and convert into the spiritual belief of enhancing the cohesion of the city -state。So，Ancient Greek mythology is essentially a spiritual belief in a city -state public life，Play a positive role in the development of urban -states。

In early China，Primitive religion also has the characteristics of many gods worship and taboos of the gods。Between 5000 and 4000 years from the time now，It is a period when prehistoric primitive religion translates to "ritual"。Look from the archeological materials，Many tombs of many large tombs，Both the wizard who hosts the sacrifice，is the tribe military leader。It causes the rules of secularity levels to immerse in religious sacrifice prematurely，Make the ancestors of the secular king as the protagonist of religion and myth，and both sacred and social character。Prehistoric people respect、Sacrifice the God of God，The target of its protection is mainly their own blood ancestors and family、family。If in the large tomb of the Tao Temple site，Buried with a complete set of stone ax、Shi Ji、Jade (stone)、瑗、Special、Dragon Pan, etc.，Many of them are temple heavy weapons。This shows that these tombs may be the leader and witch in the tribal organization，After death, it is respected as the ancestral god and guardian god of the tribe organization。

"Mandarin · Chu language below" discusses the religious reforms performed by 颛顼 颛顼。The decline of Shaoyu's family，"The Miscellaneous of the Folk God", "Home is the History of the Witch"，Through the religious reform of 颛顼，Make God of Heaven and the people "restore the old，No phase invasion，It is the Jedi Tiantong "。The so -called "Jedi Tiantong"，That is, the rulers monopolized the communication with Bet365 app download the highest gods。But from a large amount of materials，"Jedi Tiantong" does not eliminate the folk witchcraft of the "people and gods"、Sacrifice and the traffic of the people and the gods，Just transform the communication between the primitive ancestors and the gods into the ancestors of the ancestors with different levels、The clan's panic taboos of the natural mountains and rivers、Sacrifice for worship of mountains and rivers，and for your own family、The "Family Festival", "Ancestral Festival", "Ceremony" of the ancestor of the clan ancestors，Blood -level sacrifice system that forms the ancient Chinese tradition "Zong Zi is a sacrifice" and "home is a sacrifice"。It makes the deity sacrifice hierarchical、Bloody、Pan -socialization trend，and make the ancestors divided into different gods at the height of the secular social level，There is a difference between respect for inferiority on the ritual。

　Faith and order

In fact，In class society，Human religion and belief are all services for realistic social integration and order constructing。But there are different integration and construction methods between major civilizations in the world。

In ancient Greece，Early mythology system continues to be naturally conquered to integrate social development。In the history of Greece，As the city of Athens，From pure clan organization to national form，The nearly 100 -year long process of "Solun Legal" to Cleistini reform。Ancient Greek religion，It is continuous transformation in the evolution of the political system of the city -state。It through the gods of the gods about the ideal political society，Stirring the ideals and beliefs of the Greeks for the new city -state civic society。So，Whether in the period of noble politics or democracy，Strengthen social integration of the city -state、Order bet365 best casino games Construction、Legal governance，Religion is an important spiritual force。Due to the divineness and strength of the city -state gods, the connotation of new social rules，So，The people also constantly set up new sacred "order" and behavioral specifications in their hearts in their beliefs。and the gods in Greek mythology to justice、The understanding of the reward and punishment and legal order，It becomes a sacred spiritual bond that citizen maintains the political and order of the city -state politics and order。

In China，"Composite" political structure due to the cross from blood and geographical，Reflected in the "Li" system reflected in the original religion and the "ritual" system from it，It is manifested as two aspects: one is the political identity of the public about this "composite" political body。Important features of this identity，It is the respect and obedience to the leaders at all levels，and strengthen the authority of leaders at all levels。A large amount of materials found in prehistoric tombs，Its important content is worshiping the ceremony of its ancestor gods，Therefore, the respected and authoritarian of secular political leaders and wizards。The worship of the gods of the ancestors evolved into the integration of the god of the gods and the world，Makes the secular king a tribal group or the character of the early national "Shengming Tianzi" and Dai Tian Li。Ruyu、Emperor of the Summer Times and Heaven and Earth、Wang，The most important morality and character，It is through the combination of transcendence with the secular，The purpose of "Wanbang Xianning" that achieves the construction of social social integration and order。

The second is that there are other political rules that are strengthened on the basis of rituals。China's early state is a pyramid -shaped settlement structure mode formed bet365 live casino games based on interest relationships。So，Differential preface is a objective real state。This tribe、The grade differential preface inside and outside the tribe is manifested in ideological consciousness，The difference preface formed according to the blood of the blood has other "rituals" and its rule。"Li" is a sub -rule of the origin of Chinese civilization and politics，It is mainly manifested as the familyization of social organizations、Bloody、hierarchical，and form a political level layered layered and different society。To the Western Zhou Dynasty，These etiquette systems become daily ethics rules of people's social life。

Therefore，Regardless of early China or Greece，There is a close relationship between belief and order，Religious belief comes from the needs of the order of political society，Converted into the spiritual force that maintains this kind of human order。

　　Humanity of the person and the personality of God

Different from the evolutionary road of early China and ancient Greek society，Its religion is also the opposite state of the deeds and personality in the myth。

In the ancient Greek god system，From Zeus to Olympus Mountains all the gods，All surpassing a specific family、Trees of the Tribe，Is the personality of the natural god，People、God has the characteristics of "homogeneous sex"，So it often hides the common politics of a certain city -state、The spiritual connotation of religion and legal system。Public activities of ancient Greek citizens are expanded from some kind of devout ritual to God，and under the gaze of God。People、God's "Homing and Hom Sex"，Make the gods anthropomorphic，The deities regardless of appearance、temperament、Houses, etc. are similar to mortals，This makes it easy for the ancient Greeks to pin their social ideals in the deity (that is, human nature)。So，The bet365 best casino games ancient Greeks' support for God，Pay more attention to the help of the gods of the gods for this world affairs，instead of putting the focus of demand on the other side of the world。Because deity is the transcendent expression of the ancient Greek ideal society，Ancient Greek citizens are often devotion to God、The political cohesion and the spirit of citizens in the belief show the city -state。

In early China，Religious sacrifice began with the ancestor god as the core。Because the sacrifice master is the ancestor of the premier of the secular king，This inevitably forms the highest "emperor" and left and right，All are the clan of Xianwu、The divinization of the family's first ancestor。This situation essentially highlights the power of the world's secular royal rights，It cuts the world's monopoly in the monopoly of the Lord God.、Beyond the road where the heavenly landlord rises，Make the natural gods can only stay in the original、The superior mountains and rivers' panic worship levels，The "sky" and "emperor" system composed of the ancestor god as the core as the guardian god of the king's right，The legality and rationality of the princes have the highest body protection; at the same time，It makes the early "ritual" have a strong religious belief color。The function of ritual includes the content of the ontology of the metaphysical sacrifice heaven and earth，It also includes the metaphysical governance country、Home value、Belief。Here，Super worldly religious values ​​and religious emotions with the body protection run through the various activities of "Li"，Various programs that constitute social life。So，Small features，Makes religion closed、grade、Small features。As a result，Enjoy the natural god -tech advantage。Whether it is the "Emperor" of the Shang Dynasty or the bet365 live casino games subsequent son of "Sky"，All the demeanor performance of this kind of person，and formed the origin of the "monarchy" in the subsequent era of imperialism。

Therefore，Two different religious beliefs and political civilizations in Chinese and Western，It is caused by the differences in the evolution path of the ancient Chinese society，It is also a social integration for reality、Order Construction Service。We should have an objective understanding of this。

(Author Unit: School of History and Social Sciences of Chongqing Normal University)