The global development of modern communication is expanded in a diverse situation,Continuously challenging a single modernization comparison of single modernization such as "modern -traditional" and "center -edge",So that compare communication to contextualization comparison。1989,In the annual meeting held in the name of "comparatility",Participants emphasize the study of comparative communication.。Internet era,The complex interaction of global and local and localities provides strong support for this steering,Network virtual community becomes global and local、Places where local and local dialogues。
In this background,Comparison of the comparison of the "country" as an analysis unit or the "country" as the context has been unable to present a picture of global communication。At this time,The state is between "Global" and "local",National level to the global level can be said to be local,But from the perspective of domestic relations,The country itself is a variety of local identities and words of competition。At the same time,"Criticism of Localism" in the post -colonial theory,Discreating the narrow localist spectrum in the "center -edge" modernization comparative vision,Holding the place and the place with each other,Establish a place and larger political model、connection of history and culture,This connection is formed by constructing a collective imagination bet365 best casino games through sharing historical experience,For example, the news that commemorates "World War I" and "World War II" triggers historical memory interaction between local,Reports on environmental crisis stimulate the conversation of local environmental protection groups,etc.。In this corner,"Place" is not sure、Places with borders,but from culture、History、Power relationship、Politics and other multiple corner forces。
to the 21st century,The context of comparative communication becomes more and more obvious。The "Comparison Communication Research Manual" published in 2012 advocates the method "Try to surpass a single case to reach a conclusion,and explain the differences and similarity of the object in their respective situations ",Author Paul Manchini and Daniel C. Harlem regards the "theoretical of the situation of context" as the essence of media comparative research。Generally speaking,Situation thinking consists of triple significance: the external condition that can be generated and developed as the research object,The situation has formal plastic strength,helps to overcome the comparison paradox; a method of interpretation of the meaning adopted by the subject,The context has explanatory power,helps to overcome the comparative normative paradox; as a method of research objects and research subjects,The situation has dialogue power,helps to overcome comparative decentralization paradox。
Triple meaning of the situation,We can construct the three dimensions of comparative communication research: objective situation、Subjective situations and relations。
First,The so -called objective situation means that researchers regard news communication activities Bet365 lotto review and context as objective existence,and convert it to multiple variables/indicators,Establishing assumptions,Collect data,Establish a causal relationship between variables through scientific methods such as relevant analysis,Follow the situation of the context of the explanation of news communication results,and how the situation at the macro level has different terrain plastic news spread phenomena。until 2013,Objective situation comparative research has developed a set of fixed procedures: the first step is to provide a description of the situation on other systems and culture,to improve our understanding of different communication activities; the second step is to identify the functional to different systems and cultures through the situation description,That is to determine what is comparable、What is incomparable; the third step is to establish a classification or type,Different cases are attributed to the same type by identifying common characteristics,These common features will become necessary dimensions when the development theory; the fourth step is to explain the various similarity and differences,Therefore, understanding how different situations have shaped different communication activities; the fifth step is prediction,Theoretical hypothesis based on the previous period,Pre -judgment of the country that has not been studied。
Second,A subjective situation refers to the internal situation of entering the communicator and the practice of communication,Anthropology "Deep Description" or the "Process Analysis Law",Observe the significance and value of people in different cultures to give specific behaviors,bet365 Play online games Cultural psychology and meaning understanding behind perspective communication practice。As a main position (EMIC) study,It requires researchers to understand communication activities and media culture from the perspective of local people。Because each communication activity has its own modernity,There is a way to treat the world yourself,Their communication practice is rooted in their own language and context。
third,Global and Local、The complex interaction between the local and the local area makes people see the relationship situation further,That is, news communication is based on the relationship between people,in the continuous relationship,At the same time, it also constitutes the reality source of the relationship between people's communication relationship。In this case,Mutual relationship between news text,Correspondent and local assistant、Interactive relationship between reporters from both sides of the conflict,Globalization and localization of international news flow,All enter the perspective of comparative communication,An important landscape of the news communication in the era of globalization。
Follow three contextualization comparative research paths,Comparison concepts that can develop multiple directions。First,Objective situation comparison,Reconstructing comparable objects in different social and cultural through "functional peers",Question for comparability and context,Reserve differences in the process of pursuing the same sex,Keep the situation generated by the difference,Form three directions,Differential communication、Type -based communication and functional communication。Second,Specific bet365 live casino games context comparison,Entering communication activities and existence with multi -point national or comparative historical analysis methods,Thinking constraints from standardized discourse,expression and communication practice for humans,From this to three directions,Propaganda of real -time situations、The spread of constructive significance and the spread of value orientation。third,Situation comparison of relations,Following the global interconnection and transnational flow of different cultures,Establish a contextual understanding of cross -cultural relations,Research situation beyond isolation,So show me — his communication relationship、I — Three directions: your communication relationship and cross -cultural communication relationship。The comparative communication system of nine orientation of three situations and nine orientations is finally formed。
The purpose of context comparison is to remove。However, the researchers' perspective、Conditions such as obtaining information and cultural environment,Any kind of context comparison is often giving birth to a new cover。Take the comparison media system as an example,Objective context is compared with the political system as the ideological resource,Developed the dimension and type of the media system,But due to relying on scientific methodology and available data,Towards the theory of cause and effect decision。Main -view context is compared with conceptualization、Types、Static cover,However, this kind of research is based on researchers/actors' understanding of the media development process,Easy to be affected by subjective emotions and value factors。Relations to the situation comparison bet365 best casino games with communication、Power relationship、Cross -cultural relations are ideological resources,Remove Independence、Division、Method Theory of National Cover,But this kind of research must be alert to the cover of the global power mechanism for local practice,Also avoid romantic imagination of equal communication。
Comparison research contains the dialogue and interaction between the self and others。The differences seen by self -centered cannot be revealed,It can only deepen the sense of self -respect or inferiority,Further closure yourself in the echo room,isolation of any different sounds,Lost meaning when compared。Real comparative research must break the disadvantages of self -centered,Question for comparability and context,Continuous reflection,It is also necessary to use the regionalization of the past to enter the global interconnection and flow relationship network,Reach self -transcendence,Facts for universal communication for people,To realize the integration of human communication experience。
Fundamental speaking,The mission of comparative communication research is to reveal the existence and existing communication relationship of the communication relationship。For this,Researchers must be full of existence to observe the practice of human communication,can you find the way out of this research field,Restore the original meaning of the word "comparison",That is to gather together。Comparison logic is not separate,Live together in a harmonious way,Respect each other's differences。In this sense,Comparison is spread,Communication is comparison,Comparison of communication research Bet365 lotto review can help humans enrich the spread of wisdom,Resume communication ability。
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