April 2022，The General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China、The General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Promoting the work of ancient books in the new era"。This is the guidance document that was issued by the "Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Corresponding to the Organization of Ancient Books in my country" in 1981 again.，It is of great significance to comprehensively carry out the work of ancient books in the new era。I study at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences、Work for nearly 40 years，Ancient Books Organization has always been my dedicated academic undertakings。I have participated in and presided over the national large -scale ancient book "Twenty -Four History of the Ben Ben Ben" and "The Chinese Books Outside of the Domains"，One bitterness，A little knowing one two，At the same time, there is a little thinking and understanding。

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Ancient books to finish the most highlighting the characteristics of traditional Chinese academics。Since Confucius，The combination of old classics、Set up、Interpretation has always been the main form of Chinese academic development，This is the difference from the West。Ancient Greece we see today、Ancient Roman A huge book，In the Middle Ages，Most of its mother -in -law was translated into Arabic before being inherited，It can be said to be Islamic cultural relics。Later，These works have been translated into Western languages ​​such as Latin，can be passed on。Re -translation of Dedication，There will definitely be a misunderstanding、additional deletion and other problems。but，Western academic does not seem to be cautiously cared for，So that some people think that the foundation of the literature of Western classical civilization is not reliable。

It is very different from the West，Ancient books have always been the main body of Chinese academics。Confucius is the most famous cultural figure in China，It is regarded as "the Wumuo of the Sky"，It is the messenger of promotion and education sent by Shang Cang。How did Confucius preach and teach? The basic work he does is to sort out the classics。"The Analects of Confucius · Zihan" records Confucius: "My self -defense anti -Lu，Then Lezheng，Yasong each has its own place。"means that I returned from the Patriotic State to the Lu State，Lecai is sorted，"Book of Songs" Ya、Songle Poetry is classified。Make a ceremony，Moving the customs and customs，bet365 Play online games Li and Le are all educational tools。We read "Historical Records · Confucius Family"，You can clearly see that his ambition is inherited the Zhou Dynasty culture。He claims to "describe but not to do，Faithful and good ancient "，and engage in classics in the spirit of "Wei Bai San Jue"。The most famous classics in Chinese culture, such as "Shangshu", "Book of Songs", "Zhou Yi", "Spring and Autumn", are not written by Confucius，But all are compiled by Confucius。

Maybe we can understand the collation of ancient books from three aspects.。First，Ancient books are the most precious heritage in Chinese culture，Bridge connecting ancient and modern，So ancient books organic are the work of continuing Chinese context。Next，Different classification of ancient books，According to the subject category，Can be divided into historical subsets。"The Chinese State Library Outside the Territory" is based on this most traditional、The four most common four parts of the method classification。Let's visit the library abroad，It is found that their ancient Chinese books are also in four categories。Of course，If the content attribute，Ancient books can also be divided into the learning of righteousness、Learning of the study and the study of the rules。Last，There are very different academic methods。Ru training、Note、Type、Version、Catalog, etc.，and treat this study as the basis of Chinese learning。Zhang Zhidong said in "Book Answers": "，It is credible in classics;，Its history is credible。"He advocates studying the history from training text。

In addition，This academic characteristics have a huge impact on the entire East Asia。Chinese characters are commonly used in ancient East Asia。During the compilation process of "The Chinese State Library"，We found ancient Japan、Korean Peninsula、academic evolution in Vietnam and other places，Basically the same as China。

　Contains excellent traditional cultural values

1981，"Instructions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of my country on the Finishing Organization of Chinese Books" pointed out: "，Inherited the valuable cultural heritage of the motherland，Is a very important、The work related to future generations。”

Why does ancient books say that ancient books are valuable cultural heritage of the country，It is because it contains the values ​​of the excellent Chinese traditional culture。Slightly different from other civilizations and culture，Traditional Chinese people pay more attention to daily ethics and social outlines，Respect tradition and habit more。"Shang Shu" is the earliest ancient book in my country，One of them is called "Hong Fan"，Records King Zhou Wu consulting the path of the Shang Dynasty's survivors, the way of governing the country Bet365 lotto review and the people，They all used a word called "Yilun"，meaning common sense、Changdao。Xunzi said: "Tian Naixi Yu Hong Fan Jiuchou，Yilunyou Syria。"" meaning the Xia Dynasty，Shang Cang gave Yu Yu Nine Dafa，Use the way of Lun to settle the world。This is the so -called "Yilunyou Syrian"。It is precisely because of the attention of daily ethics，So，Chinese traditional morality has been divergent around "Renyi Li Zhixin"。"Three Characters" said, "，Li Zhixin，This five constants，Not tolerance "。Five Chang is the five basic virtues that people should have。Confucius first proposed "Ren" and "Li"，​​Mencius emphasized the emphasis on "righteousness" and "wisdom"，To Dong Zhongshu expand to "Ren、Yi、Li、Zhi、Letter "，It is called "Five Changs"。This "Five Chang" runs through the development of Chinese ethics，Core factor in becoming a traditional Chinese value system。These core values ​​concepts，The concept of governing the country in Chinese political concepts，Breeding in the social concept of Chinese in China。

"Opinions on Promoting the Work of Ancient Books in the New Era"、Visual farther。"Opinions" pointed out "Persist in keeping positive innovation，Ancient now available、Remonds new，Facing Future、Facing Future，Further stimulate the development of the development of ancient books "。Ancient books are by no means a scholar in the ivory Tarin heart carving dragon，Inherited the Chinesewen pulse、Persist in Chinese values、The grand cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics。

　Ancient books are related to national cultural security

If the ancient book is organized about national cultural security，may feel a little far -fetched。Actually，Really devoted to the work of ancient books，This feeling is still relatively real。

Macro says，Ancient books are the crystallization of Chinese culture。No doubt，Ancient Books sorted out the "survival of survival" related to culture。It can not only show the glorious Chinese culture to the world，More importantly, people can grasp the context of the development of residents，Protect the academic and value concept with Chinese characteristics。So，"Opinions on Promoting the Work of Ancient Books in the New Era" pointed out: "Do a good job of ancient books，Protect the valuable cultural heritage of the motherland、Inheritance、Development，Continue Chinese Wen pulse、Promoting the national spirit、Enhance the soft power of national culture、Building a socialist cultural power is important。”

Specifically，Many descriptions of ancient books involve the territory of the country、The ownership of territory and nation。We discovered in the academic survey of the "Chinese Book of Chinese Books Outside"，Some Chinese natives Bet365 app download hidden outside the domain，Because of these problems，It is deleted or sealed。Rulong's most important historical literature "Treasure Case"，It is the diplomatic document of the Palace of the Ryukyu State，later compiled by local scholars。This book is written in Chinese，After being plundered by the Japanese Meiji government，Turn the original to Tokyo, Japan's Internal Affairs Collection，Only folk manuscripts are placed in Ryukyu and other places。Now，We can no longer see the original，You can only see the Japanese compilation of the book，Compared with the manuscripts hidden in Taiwan，There are more differences in each other，The finishing of the Japanese has deliberately blurred the tribute relationship between Ryukyu and China。Just like a few years ago，When the problem of the South China Sea is boiling，We used to go to the Far East College, France to inspect the Chinese native。This college was originally in Vietnam，After returning to Paris，Favorite many ancient Chinese characters and maps，Or can be searched from the evidence of the historical rights of the South China Sea in China。

　　Ancient books need theoretical thinking

Over the years，We have been committed to the work of ancient books。"Twenty -Four History of Today's Note" and "Chinese State Library" are both national major cultural project projects，Write into the "National Cultural Development Outline"。During the compilation process，We feel，Ancient books are not simply categorized、Copy drawing、Classification Labeling Point、Excellent withdrawal，Should not separate historical materials from research，Should start with a small place，Focus on the big place，Start from literary materials，Make some theoretical thinking。

Jiahui Xuelin、The compilation of the "Chinese Book of the Domain" of the Chinese Studies of the Chinese Studies from 2003 to 2018，After 15 spring and autumn。This extra large series has been published，A set of more than 800 books，Collecting nearly 3,000 Chinese libraries that have not seen Chinese treasures。The content of Chinese literature outside the territory is rich and precious，It is an important information for studying traditional Chinese culture，It is also the core information of exploring the historical and marriage of Chinese and foreign cultural history，It is the basic information for the overall research of the East Asian and Han cultural circle。

In the compilation process of this book，Based on specific academic practice，We did some thinking。For example，The concept of "Chinese"，We think，It should not be simply understood from the perspective of the nation，should be explained from a cultural perspective。Chinese nationality cannot be narrowly regarded as the ancient books of the bet365 Play online games Han nation, the Chinese native，It should be more widely understood as different ethnic groups、Works written by Chinese characters in different countries。Booking the concept of Chinese nationality，Greatly broaden the research field of Chinese nationality in the domain; also found a sense of belong to the Chinese nationality from all over the world。This kind of thinking has been recognized by the scholars outside the domain。

Another example，We are in the compilation of the "Chinese Book of Chinese Betting Outside"，The concept of "the road to Chinese" was proposed。At the end of the 19th century，German scholar Li Xifen proposed the concept of the "Silk Road"，The key to opening the study of the research on the history of Chinese and foreign exchanges。In recent years，In the academic practice of Chinese natives outside the domain，Gradually discovered the limitations of this concept。This is because of，The route of Chinese and foreign economic exchanges and cultural exchanges is not exactly the same，Perhaps the "Han Dynasty Road" is used to describe more accurate cultural exchanges in ancient Chinese and foreign in ancient times。Taking ancient East Asian Chinese Cultural Exchange Cases as examples，We can see the source flow and context of cultural exchanges between Chinese and foreign cultural exchanges more clearly。Chinese characters are the basic language of East Asia，Chinese native with Chinese characters as the basic symbol not only carries the memory and glory of Chinese culture，It also carries the cultural memory of other countries in East Asia，It is also a description of cultural exchanges and witnesses of East Asian countries。No doubt，The form and road of Chinese transmission，Unable to re -meet with the Silk Road in the traditional sense，work in this area is the main content of studying Chinese and foreign cultural exchanges。This，Breaking through the traditional thinking of the Silk Road，Construct a new theoretical mode of studying Chinese cultural communication and exchange，It becomes an inevitable requirement。The Silk Road is a business road，The road of Chinese nationality is a cultural road。

Qin Si Nian、Carefully compiled "Twenty -Four History of the Ben Ben"，Volumes，Dame，A total of 140 million words，More than 600 books，18 kinds of compilation and publishing now。The compilation of this cultural engineering project is mainly due to the scholars of the Institute of History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (Institute of Ancient History)，It has brought together more than 300 historians in various universities across the country to join forces。Since writing in 1994，Nearly 30 spring and autumn，Among them, 20 editor Bet365 app download -in -chief has died，Visible。"Twenty -Four History of Today's Note" is an academic activity with great significance，It is the comprehensive system of the ancient history of ancient times，Hook deep to far away，Dazes of physical affairs。In the practice process of compiling "Twenty -Four History of Today's Note"，We think and advocate the principle of "history of historians"，To create a unique academic logo for this book。Note for the classics is generally the work of literature scholars，But the compilation of "Twenty -Four History of Today's Note"，We mainly hire historians。Follow the literary scholars to follow the word positive sound and interpretation，Historians pay more attention to the positive errors and dredging of historical facts、The gain and ordering of historical materials。About "Historian Note" may be understood as follows。

It one，Text is wrong。"Historical Records of Xia Benji" about Taikang's lost country，Just five words "Di Taikang lost the country"，Old Note is also very simple，"The Historical Records of this Note" quoted a variety of historical materials such as "Li Sao", "Yi Zhou Book", "Mandarin", "Han Feizi"，It provides a possibility for continuing the evolution of ancient legends。The "Pension Order" of "Hanshu · Wen Di" describes that Emperor Hanwen wants to give the elderly over 80 years old，One stone rice per person per month、20 pounds of meat、Wine Five Dou。It is unrealistic to have such a high welfare in the Han Dynasty 2,000 years ago，The word "Moon" in the comment may be Yanwen，It should be a one -time reward。A word changed our evaluation of Emperor Hanwen，also changed the evaluation of ancient Chinese pension culture。

Its two，Culture Dredging。Dredging of text，Mainly comments，Solve the stagnation of the text，Provide readers with precise explanations。"Today's Note of the Three Kingdoms · Post -master Biography" record，After the death of Guan Yu，being chased as "Zhuang Miao Hou"。Later generations mistakenly think that "Miao" is evil，Actually "Miao" here "Mu"，"Pharaoh" "Bude's Zhiyi Yue Yue Mu"。Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty changed to "Zhuang Miao" as "loyalty"，Honal Hall "Loyalty"。"South History · Chen Wu Emperor" records Emperor Liang Jingdi Chen Ba's first strategy of Chen Gong，There is a sentence of "Begging Living Ma Teng Army"，Significant puzzle。See Chen Shu。Some scholars have explained the Ma Teng as the West Liang Army Valve in the late Han Dynasty，The annotation of this book starts with the word "begging"，Test this Ma Teng refers to Sima Teng of the clan of Jin，"Jin Shu" Volume Sanqi has a biography。"Ma Teng" in the text is Sima Teng's provincial name。Begging，It means to live in a place with food。

Bet365 app download Its three，historical material gain。Choose reliable literature、Make historical supplement in the form of annotation，is the main work of the history of traditional historians。Pei Songzhi's Note "Three Kingdoms" supplemented by a large number of historical materials，It has long been integrated with text，Become an important part of the text of the "Three Kingdoms"。"Today's Note Ben Han Book · Dongfang Shuo Biography" climbed out of the historical materials of the scattered "Oriental Biography"，and supplement it to the note。This example is everywhere in "Today's Note"。

Four，History of image evidence。Use cultural relics image data to interpret，1 can be used as evidence for the historical facts of the test，Second, you can clearly express some complicated content that is difficult to describe by text。"This Historical Records of this Book of Injects · Tianshi Book" attached a large number of archeological stars; "Hanshu · Junfu Chronicle"、Statue、physical，Comparison with literature description，Draw a lot of images，Explanation。So this，Or the innovation of the "Historian Note" method。

Over the years，Historical research some disciplines show a fragmentation trend，History research is mostly transformed into ancient books.。Also sorting in ancient books is also slightly fragmented，Lack of necessary theoretical considerations and method innovation。Actually，Ancient Books Workers are not supplementary pots，Can't just do a tonic。Bench sitting for ten years cold，Family Family Family。

(the author is a researcher at the Institute of Ancient History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)