June 2, 2023，General Secretary Xi Jinping attended the symposium on the development of cultural heritage and delivered an important speech。General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out，Chinese culture is far away，Chinese civilization is extensive and profound，There are many important elements in Chinese excellent traditional culture，Together with the five prominent features of Chinese civilization，Surgery、Innovative、Unity、tolerance、peaceful。In order to open a good symposium，General Secretary Xi Jinping came to China History Research Institute，Visit the origin of civilization in the Chinese Archaeological Museum and the Topic Exhibition of Homesz China，Then I checked the precious ancient books and literature archives in the inside of the hospital，Report on the relevant situation before the exhibition of the scientific research work of the Chinese History Research Institute。General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized，Knowing the long history of Chinese civilization、Perception of Chinese culture，cannot be separated from archeology。

General Secretary Xi Jinping from the global strategic height，A series of major theories and practical issues of Chinese culture inheritance and development have been comprehensive、System、In -depth explanation，It has strong political nature、Ideology、Strategic and guidance，This is a overall grasp of the excellent traditional culture of China，It is also a highlyore evaluation of the excellent traditional culture of China。The important speech of General Secretary Xi Jinping warns us，Only comprehensively understand the historical context of Chinese civilization，Deeply understand the prominent features of Chinese civilization，can we more effectively promote the creative transformation and innovative development of the excellent traditional culture of China，More strongly to promote the construction of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics。As a cultural relic archaeological worker，We should deeply understand the five prominent features of Chinese civilization from the perspective of archeology。

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Archaeological discovery and research confirmation，China has a million -year human history、History of cultural history of 10,000 years、History of civilization for more than 5,000 years，In the Bet365 app download long history of civilization development，In the long history of civilization development，Especially in the Central Plains area, Jiahu、Pei Ligang、Tanghu、Shuang locust tree、Dahe Village、Huangshan、Wang Chenggang、Waidian, etc., created by people represented by people, is very tension，I made a significant contribution to the progress of human civilization。

Huangshan settlement is rich，Contains Yangshao、Qujialing、cultural relics of three periods, including Shijiahe。At the top of the site, Yangshao from Taishi to Qujialing Culture stack the thickness of 3-5 meters，Basically, it is formed by the multi -layer room site and tomb overlapping，Rich relics，Yangshao's late desktop buildings observed from the wall of the Han tomb are as many as 5 floors。The second station has gradually become thinner to the fifth cultural accumulation to disappear。Shanxia West Gangzhe High Sight of the same period of cultural accumulation 0.5-1.2 meters，Other cultural accumulation，Under the cultivation of the soil is the relic。The thickness of the ancient river channel is about 7 meters thick。

Dahe Village settlement has been excavated nearly 30 times，The area is more than 400,000 square meters，Cultural layer thickness 7-12.5 meters，Contains Yangshao、Longshan、Erlitou and business culture:，Especially Yangshao San、Phase IV's relics are the most abundant，Important Discovery has a ring、City address、square house、Sacrifice ruins、Tomb, etc.。

The area of ​​the two miles of the two miles is about 3 million square meters，The overall plan for forming a grid -shaped shape。Gongcheng covers an area of ​​about 100,000 square meters，Strict layout，Contains East、The four -set layout of the two groups in the west group layout，Unearthed with turquoise dragons、Green Songs Bronze Medal、bronze wares, etc.，There is also a special handicraft workshop area。This layout planning and palace building are the pioneering of the future city system。More importantly，The rich cultural accumulation of Erli is stacked by business culture，Below it under it again、Cultural relics in the Longshan period。

Archaeological Discovery in the Central Plains region above，Erlitou is the representative of the early capital，Huangshan is the representative of large -scale functional settlements，Dahe Village is the representative of the urban site settlement with a long duration，They strongly prove that the characteristics of ancient cultural sites in my country are the continuity and ups and downs of the multi -phase cultural relics of layers of layers of bet365 Play online games layers。Especially the rise of the culture of Erlitou marks that China enters the era of the wide area of ​​the wide area，later business、Zhou and Qin、Han、The Three Kingdoms, the two Jin, the south and the northern dynasty、Tang、Song、yuan、Ming、Qing，All are the inheritance and development of early culture。

　　Chinese civilization has outstanding innovation 

Revolution Dingxin、Moving to the times is the eternal spiritual temperament of Chinese civilization。Since the Shinshi Age，Chinese civilization continues to develop in inheritance and innovation，Adjusting the deepest spiritual pursuit of the Chinese nation。

Jiahu settlement, which is about 8500 years ago, has revealed the most in many worlds。The first is the earliest musical instrument -bone flute，More than 30 unearthed，The largest number of seen to date，Save the most complete，The earliest musical instrument physical object that can play the seven -sound step，Promote the history of human music to 9,000 years ago。The second is the earliest fermentation drink -fruit wine，indicates the original agriculture at the time、Food processing technology has started。The third is the earliest fish artificial breeding behavior，The unearthed carp bones indicate，Jiahu crowd exists in the behavior of concentrated fishing fish，And this behavior may bring the original signs of artificially breeding fish。In addition，Jiahu is also one of the earliest place in the world in the world、One of the earliest domestic animal domestication、One of the earliest primitive religions and the origin of the Budi。

Double locust tree settlement, about 5300 years ago, is a settlement of a carefully planned and layout，Clear structure in each functional area、Main and secondary clear，Reflected strong organizational coordination。Central residence、Large -scale rammed coil landing base address、Troutings altar and cemetery are roughly distributed on the same line，The characteristics of the early palace architecture in China have been started，It provides important materials for exploring the source of the three -generation palace system。It provides important materials for exploring the source of the three -generation palace system，The social development model and the ideological concept of the show represent the king of the king of the ancient country。This settlement is the highest specifications found in the early stage of civilization in the middle of the Yellow River in the middle of the Yellow River、Central settlement with the nature of the capital，Filled the critical period of the origin of Chinese civilization、Key materials in key areas，It is referred bet365 best casino games to as "Early Chinese Civilization Embryo" by experts，Further empirical history of the origin of Chinese civilization。

From the Neolithic Age of the Central Plains region、Late settlement discovery，People are already living、Shengye Model、Knowledge System、Handicraft Industry Tradition、Original religious culture and other aspects of innovative connotation，These connotations are fully integrated into the ancient culture of the Central Plains，It becomes an important logo that is different from the surrounding areas。

Chinese civilization has outstanding unity

Chinese civilization is formed by the flow of the excellent culture of various ethnic groups。Strict civilization compares the culture of the Chinese Neolithic era into a heavy petal flower，It believes that due to the objective conditions of China's natural geography，Chinese prehistoric cultural development presents a diverse structure with a diversified flower type，Its flower heart is in Central Plains，This structure itself has condensation and directional effects，Therefore, in the development process after civilization，Gradual integration of adjacent and similar culture，so as to make the unity of culture stronger and stronger，The specific manifestation is the more and more part of the flower heart。

Pei Ligang culture in the Central Plains lasted around 2000，Gradually integrates most of Henan areas through three stages of development and evolution，As a base for external expansion。In southern Hebei、Guanzhong、Haiyu、The middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the middle and lower reaches of the Huaihe River，Pei Li Gang culture is extremely strong，Including magnetic mountains、Baijia、Later Lee、Beixin、Pengtou Mountain、Shunshan Collection、Shuangdun and other cultures are affected by different degrees，and this influence will eventually yellow、Huaihe River Basin is closely united together，Forms a wide -area and unified Chinese early cultural interactive circle。

Pei Li Gang Culture pastes the stone through polishing，domesticated livestock，Reclamation field，First enter the new era。It has a reasonable planning site and cemetery，There is agriculture、Animal Husbandry and Collection of Fishing and Hunting's Diversity Living Model，There are also advanced pottery、Stone、Bonemaking and other technologies，There is a mature knowledge system，More 杈、Bone Flute、Fanbi sacrifice procedures described by turtle shells and stones。These advanced factors were subsequently Yang Shao、Longshan cultural Bet365 app download heritage and transformation，and is absorbing the Yellow River extensively、Huaihe River、Yangtze River、Based on the advanced cultural factors of the Xiliao River Basin、profit or loss，Finally created the birth of the Chinese civilization in the Central Plains region。It can be said，Pei Li Gang culture is the cornerstone of Chinese culture，Duan Duan of the Yellow River Civilization，Breeding Chinese civilization。

　　Chinese civilization has outstanding tolerance 

Yangshao Culture Period，The tolerance and compatibility of Chinese civilization、The characteristics of the interactive blending of multiculturalism are extremely prominent。Dahe Village Culture in Zhengzhou -Luoyang area is double locust tree、Dahe Village、Xishan、Wanggou、Qingtai and other representatives，presents Sifang Tongdi、Features of cultural convergence，This cultural diversity is not limited to the convergence and interaction of different cultural types in the same period，It is also manifested as the precipitation and integration of multiculturalism in different periods。　

Intelligent in utensils，When the formation of the culture of Dahe Village is accompanied by certain foreign cultural factors。Expressing over time，Foreign factors are gradually increasing，Especially the cultural relations between Dawenkou in the East is the most close to it。In the pottery unearthed from the culture of Dahe Village，Potted Ding、Folding Ding Ding、Folding beans、Long -necked pot, etc., absorbed the excellent elements of the Dawenkou culture; circle foot cups、Double beans、The horn -shaped cup absorbs the factors of Qu Jialing culture;、Yuyu, etc. can find prototypes in Songze culture。Another，We are in Dahe Village、Double locust trees and other sites，You can also see Shuangdun cultural boots、Xuejiagang Culture Folding Cup、Daxi Cultural Cup and other cultural elements。Throughout these utensils，The Heiluo area is connected to the Quartet's traffic channels 5,000 years ago。　　

Population growth，Gathering of foreign population，To a certain extent, it leads to the growth of the cultural population in Dahe Village。Dahe Village has a house unearthed into a group of Dawenkou cultural utensils，I also found a typical Qujialing Cultural Cellar Point and Tomb，Side explain the expansion of the cultural settlement of Dahe Village，The migration of the migration of the foreign population is a reason。Du Jinpeng named the site distributed in the Huaihe River's tributaries as "Dawenkou Culture Laishui Type"，I believe that Dawenkou culture enters、After the Ruhe River Basin，Long -term contact and communication bet365 Play online games with local indigenous culture，Gradually integrate with indigenous culture。Zhang Zhongpei believes that the cultural advantage of Dahe Village uses geographical advantages，Extensive absorption of advanced factors，so as to accelerate your historical process。Dahe Village Culture is in the early early stage of the Neolithic Age is a very important civilized butterfly change period，On the basis of inheriting the deep cultural genes of the cultural deeper culture of the temple,，Dahe Village Culture Change Central Plains，Absorb and integrates the surrounding advanced cultural factors，Entering a heavy livelihood、Practical Sustainable Development Road，Entering the earliest ancient threshold of the ancient country in the Central Plains，profoundly affects the continuation and development of Chinese civilization。

　　Chinese civilization has outstanding peace 

Longshan Cultural Period，The development of settlement forms in the Central Plains has appeared in new weather，The situation where the site is standing in all areas。The southern foot of Taihang Mountain has Xubao, Wen County、Boai Xijin City、Mengzhuang and other cities in Huixian County; Anyang backdoor in the east of Taihang、，Puyang Qicheng and other cities，Songshan area has Dengfeng Wangchenggang、Ancient City、Haojiatai, Haocheng、Yuzhou Wadian and other cities。These sites are mostly relying on natural rivers，Emphasized defense function。

This period，The grade differentiation within the settlement and between the settlement further intensifies。From the structural layout inside the late Longshan settlement，Urban sites or central settlements often discover various high -level relics，It indicates that the grade differentiation inside the settlement is very clear，In the tension social relationship, the first protected aristocratic class is the high status and status。The emergence of urban sites is also a manifestation of social contradictions。Therefore, "Shangshu Yao Dian" has "Concord Wanbang"，"Book of Rites · Rites" has "Da Tong in the World"，"The Analects of Confucius · Zilu" has "gentleman and different，Villain is the same but discord "，Explain that the Chinese civilization advocates "with the state", "different", "harmony is expensive"，Peace incorporates into the blood of the Chinese nation，engraved into the genes of the Chinese people。　

China is one of the ancient countries of the world，On this hot soil，The Chinese nation has created a splendid and brilliant civilization with its own hard work and wisdom。Chinese civilization is the unique spiritual Bet365 lotto review logo of the Chinese nation，Is the foundation of Chinese culture。We only have a comprehensive and in -depth understanding of the history of Chinese civilization，can we more effectively promote the creative transformation and innovative development of the excellent traditional culture of China，Promoting the construction of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics，Construction of modern civilization of the Chinese nation。As General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "If there is no 5,000 years of Chinese civilization，Where is the Chinese characteristics? If not with Chinese characteristics，How can we have the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics so successful today? We must pay special attention to the excavation of the essence of the 5,000 years of Chinese civilization，Combining the promotion of outstanding traditional culture with Marxist positions，firmly follow the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics。”

　　(The author is a professor at the School of History of the Capital Normal University)