June 2，General Secretary Xi Jinping attended the symposium on the development of cultural inheritance and delivered an important speech。He pointed out，Only a comprehensive and in -depth understanding of the history of Chinese civilization，can we more effectively promote the creative conversion of Chinese excellent traditional culture、Innovative development，More strongly to promote the construction of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics，Construction of modern civilization of the Chinese nation。General Secretary Xi Jinping also pointed out，There are five prominent features of Chinese civilization，is continuous、Innovative、Unity、tolerance、Peace。It can be said，In -depth understanding of the history of Chinese civilization，Five prominent features of Chinese civilization accurately，It is a necessary prerequisite for building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation。From the perspective of archeological discovery and combined literature，Five prominent features of Chinese civilization can be traced back to pre -historical periods，Permination of civilization origin、Formation and Development process，There is a close contact with each other。

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The prominent continuity of Chinese civilization has uniqueness in the world，The Chinese nation has been on its own road for thousands of years。

Chinese culture is rooted in the old stone era that is rooted in about 2 million years ago，It started in the early Neolithic era of more than 10,000 years。In the middle of the Neolithic Age, which is more than 8,000 years ago,，A common cosmic view of the universe appears in most regions、Ethics view、History view and more complicated knowledge system，The first step in the origin of Chinese civilization。Large settlements appeared around 6000 years ago、Large Sacrifice Center、Large buildings、Large tombs, etc.，I took the second step of the origin of Chinese civilization。Around 5100 years before 5100 years, there are millions of square meters such as Liangzhu and Nanzuo.bet365 live casino games ，It is an early state with regional a kingquanity，This marks the birth of Chinese civilization。After 4100 years ago, the Xia Dynasty with a preliminary "unification of the big unification" the world of the world。Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasty dynasty replacement，After the Qin and Han dynasties, it has been today，Earlier ideological concepts and knowledge systems extended to this day，Chinese civilization always has only one and continuous stable development。other，At least for more than 8,000 years since it has been，The national subject and language subject of the Chinese nation can continue to develop，Chinese characters can be traced back at least 45,000 years ago。There are many continuity performances familiar to the daily material and spiritual culture that others are familiar with。such as，Typical tenon -and -mortise structure buildings、The agricultural pattern of "South Daei North"、The custom of cooking food、The custom of wearing jade，can be traced back to tens of thousands of years ago，Triplet building technology and silk fabrics with Chinese characteristics、lacquerware, etc.，can also be traced back to at least five or six thousand years ago。

　　Innovation is the motivation for continuous development of Chinese civilization 

Chinese civilization is ancient and often new，Mobilization with the times、Shouzheng innovation is the prominent feature of Chinese civilization，Continuous innovation provides inexhaustible motivation for the continuous development of Chinese civilization。

The material of the Chinese civilization has created countless things。Invented the world's earliest pottery container (kettle)，Invented the tenon -and -mortise structure building technology 10,000 years ago，domesticated rice (rice)、Xiaomi (millet、黍) and pig，provides a guarantee for the daily life of the Chinese ancestors，Promoting population reproduction。Invented the rammed earth building technology in five or six thousand years ago、Jade production technology、Silk weaving technology、Lacquer ware production technology，Prepare conditions for the construction of the capital settlement and social complexity，Promoting the formation of a civilized society。Invented the composite pottery casting bronze technology more than 4000 Bet365 app download years ago，Provides technical support for the civilization development of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasty。Invented the steel smelting technology based on raw iron (2800 years ago，It has caused the great development of productivity and social change。other，Invention of Chinese medicine，escort the health of the Chinese nation for thousands of years。More invention and creation, including the "Four Great Inventions" after the Qin and Han dynasties。

The important period of the creation of the spirit of Chinese civilization is 8000 years ago，There is a total of the cosmic view of the "Tianyuan Place" view of the "Tianyuan Place" view of most parts of China，reflected in the octagonal pattern、Dragon and Phoenix image and ceremonial ceremony，Contains stone tortoise shells、Gossip symbols and digital turtles occupy behavior，Bone "rules"、Law Management and Observation Acts such as time。At the same time，A common ethics and historical outlook in most areas，Pay attention to family、Worship ancestors、Remember the concept of history，Concentrated in the "family burial" custom of "entering the soil"。This kind of "respecting the heavenly ancestor" belief or concept，Breeding the overall thinking、Heaven and Man One、Pursue order、Stable and restrained、Haronga Large Cultural Gene。The continuation inheritance of the tradition of worship and the tradition of respect，Entry testimony of the legitimacy of the ancient Chinese regime in the later generations，Now develops to respect nature、The concept of fear of nature。Ancestral worship concept、Clan concepts have spread so far，Become the Ethics of the Chinese Nation's Filial Pixel、Yuan 薮 薮。

　　Unity is an important foundation for the continuous development of Chinese civilization 

The unity of Chinese civilization is mainly reflected in the two levels of culture and politics。Cultural unity is the formation and continuous development of Chinese in the "one -one" structure，Political unity is the formation and continuation of development of China's characteristics of the characteristics of "unification"。Cultural and politically China is the result of the continuous communication and integration of the Chinese nation，And cultural China is a political in China to yearn for unification、The important basis for Bet365 lotto review maintaining unification at the time。

The exchange of regional culture in China has begun to start in the Paleolithic era，Cultural exchanges accelerated by more than 8,000 years before and after more than 8,000 years，Under the role of Pei Ligang culture in the Central Plains region，The preliminary connection of various cultural systems into a relative cultural community，thus becoming the origin of the early Chinese cultural circle or culture of early China。About 6000 years ago，Yangshao Culture Dongzhuang -Miao Dougou type in the core area of ​​the Central Plains is strong expansion of the exterior，The blending of exchanges and exchanges between other cultures is also significantly strengthened，The culture of most parts of China is integrated into a three -level super cultural circle centered on the Central Plains，Cultural early China formally formed。The establishment of the Xia Dynasty about 4000 years ago，Culture in the early days of China to Xinjiang，Southwest to Tibet、Yunnan，South to Guangdong、Guangxi，Southeast to coastal areas including Taiwan，Dongda Shandong Peninsula，Northeast Da Heilongjiang area，The north covers the entire central and southern part of Inner Mongolia or even farther，Far greater than Qin and Han dynasties to drop the political territory of most dynasties。

Formation of Chinese civilization around 5100 years away，Early countries appeared in local areas such as the Loess Plateau and Taihu Lake。After more than 4,700 years from the time, I entered the second period of the temple under the gap or the long -term Longshan era，The rapid rise of the Loess Plateau, especially in the northern Shaanxi region and the mutation of the cultural pattern in the east region，It is likely to be related to Xuanyuan Huangdi's killing of Chi You's Daolu's Battle。According to the records of "Historical Records of the Five Emperor Benji"，Xuanyuan Yellow Emperor's journey is here，East to Haiyu、South Dajiang Xiang、South Dajiang Xiang、North to North China，At that time, the "King of the World" that may have germinated at that time，Become a political origin of China。Founded by the Xia Dynasty，Xia Wang has initially possessed the "big unification" political king right，Politics in Bet365 lotto review China。Business、Zhou Dynasty，To the Qin and Han dynasties formed a "unified" country for centralized counties and counties。

Chinese civilization culture and political unity，Rooted in China's relatively independent geographical environment，and the common "one yuan" cosmic view that has been formed more than 8000 years ago、Ethics view、History view，The source of the consciousness of becoming a community of the Chinese nation。

　　Tolerance is the source of vitality of the continuous development of Chinese civilization 

The tolerance of Chinese civilization is manifested in the interoperability and interoperability of multiple culture inside、Mutual reference of multiple social development sub -models，and the ability to constantly collect and store foreign culture fresh blood。Chinese civilization is full of vitality，Various development opportunities，Can adapt to various environmental changes and keep moving forward。

China's geographical environment is vast and diverse，Culture can also be divided into multiple branches。Take the pre -Qin period as an example，Hundreds of archaeological culture that has been named now，Can be summarized as a number of archaeological and cultural regions or large systems。For example，Su Bingqi has the division of the six regions of China Culture，The north with the focus of the Northern and South Great Wall of Yanshan，Oriental centered on Shandong，Yizhong (Shaanxi)、Jinnan、Central Plains centered on Western Henan，Southeast, centered on Taihu Lake，Southwest parts centered on Huandong Ting Lake and Sichuan Basin，The south with the first line of the Poyang Lake -Pearl River Delta。The origin and formation process of civilization also has multiple paths or multiple seed modes，We summarize it as "Oriental Model", "Central Plains Model" and "Northern Mode"。"Oriental Model" rich and weighing，Material culture developed，Social division of labor is clear;，Material culture is not very developed，Social division of labor limited; "Central Plains Model" is between the two。Social division of labor limited; "Central Plains Model" is between the two、tolerance of each other，Formed me among me、You have my "one -in -one" situation; these small social development sub -models learn from each other，Together with the origin of Chinese civilization、The main theme of formation and bet365 live casino games early development。Seeking the same deposit difference、and different、Harmonious coexistence，It is the "multi -branch" Chinese civilization maintains order、Stable Development、One of the secrets of the long continuation。

China has never been standing outside the world，Except human migration in the Paleolithic Age，The exchanges of Chinese and Western culture in the real sense have appeared at least 5,000 years ago。In more than a thousand years since then，Western sheep、Cattle、Wheat、bronze technology、Harriage and other passed into China，Organic composition part of Chinese culture，Changes in China's economic pattern、The development of productivity and the formation and early development of Chinese civilization，All played a role in promoting。After the Silk Road is opened，Chinese and foreign cultural exchanges are more frequent、The content is richer。It can be said，Open tolerance is one of the important reasons for the continuous development of Chinese civilization。

　　peace is the necessary condition for continuous development of Chinese civilization 

Due to the continuous communication and exchanges of nations in various regions，Cultural Chinese scope is continuously expanded。But the political territory of China after the Xia Dynasty was smaller than the scope of cultural Chinese，The origin of Chinese civilization in thousands of years、During the formation and development process，The scope of the main body is also basically stable，Basically there is no large -scale expansion phenomenon。Of course there are conflict war in Chinese history，But peaceful development is the main theme。There are very few special weapons during the prehistoric period of China，The most common weapon bow and arrow and in the Neolithic era，It is nothing more than an improved version of the bow and arrow and logging tools used for hunting。Even the Eurasian grasslands are mainly used to create bronze for creating weapons and tools，In China, it is mostly cast as a bronze ritual that symbolizes social order。

The outstanding peace of Chinese civilization is based on the profound agricultural foundation。The main body of China is located in the middle latitude in the middle latitude in a moderate climate，Good conditions with agricultural development，With the world's largest bet365 best casino games agricultural area。Agricultural production requires a long cycle，Selection of seeds、Maintenance of land fertility、Preparation of production tools and facilities、Construction and maintenance of water conservancy facilities、Inheritance of production experience, etc.，It is necessary to have long -term stable social order。Long this time，will accumulate order pursuit、Stable and restrained、Cultural genes that loves peace。The peace of Chinese civilization is engraved in the bones。

　　(The author is a professor at the School of History of Renmin University of China、A special professor of "Changjiang Scholars" of the Ministry of Education)