Compared with the booming art of lyrics and music，The Yuefu poetry writing bet365 score Song Dynasty has a prominent imitation of ancient colors。Whether it is using the old titles from the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties，It is still a new Yuefu imitating the Tang Dynasty with its own new titles，The Yuefu poems bet365 score Song Dynasty are basically poetic writing。Objectively speaking，The overall creative performance of Yuefu poems in the Song Dynasty cannot be compared with that bet365 score Tang Dynasty，There are not even many poets who are famous Yuefu masters，But in the Song Dynasty, the construction of Yuefu rituals and music was very important，Confucianism continues to advance、In the context of an era of increasing influence，The pseudo-ancient Yuefu bet365 score Song Dynasty often has profound ideological sustenance。

　Zhang Zai: The "Ancient Yuefu" Poems "Chasing the Right Meaning bet365 score Title"

Zhang Zai was one bet365 score "Five Sons" bet365 score Northern Song Dynasty，Founder of Neo-Confucianism，Believe in "Yi" and "Li"，Take the lead in practicing ancient rituals during lectures。On the outlook on music and literature，Zhang Zai advocates the principle of poetry and music、乐与正通，Pay special attention to the "sustaining" educational function of poetry and music，The works "Zhengmeng·Musical Instruments" and "Confucian Classics Liku·Rituals and Music" have many elucidations on this。Nine poems from Zhang Zai's "Ancient Yuefu"，Both titles are from Han and Wei Dynasties，It is his ambition to revive the way of poetry and music。Sending this set of poems to Cheng Hao、Cheng Yishi，The poet's self-narration bet365 score reasons for writing: "After observing the Han and Wei dynasties recently, there are people who have a good name but want to make people humble，Try to change the old words and get back to the meaning bet365 score title，Nine pieces on Yuefu，The last chapter "Ju Ge Xing"。”What does “the name is right but the intention is to make the soldiers humble”？Combined with the development of Yuefu poetry in Jin, Song, Qi and Liang，Zhang Zai criticized the Han and Wei dynasties，The new style after Yuefu turned into literati lyric poetry。

The Yuefu of Han and Wei Dynasties are simple and simple，Nothing is wrong，The Jin and Song dynasties tended to be more beautiful，Ru Lu Ji、Bao Zhao’s pseudo-Yuefu diction is often elaborate and exaggerated、The syllables fluctuate。To Qiliang to make a promise、Xie Tiao and others abandoned the content of ancient Yuefu poems bet365 score Han and Wei dynasties，Directly chant the title，The diction tends to be pure and beautiful。Of course，Looking at art，The new methods of literati in Jin, Song, Qi and Liang are not undesirable，But after all, it has nothing to do with the original meaning of ancient Ci from the Han and Wei dynasties、True colors fade away，This is why Zhang Zai denounced him as "lowering"。Zhang Zai was dissatisfied with the changes in Yuefu in later generations，Zeng once said bluntly: "For more than a thousand years, Yuefu has always been close to the people.，Just hanging around、meaning boudoir couple，Nothing and people’s worries、Those who think generally。" ("Records of Reading Poems in the Lu Family School") In view of this，Zhang Zai said with great enthusiasm that he "replaced the old words and pursued the true meaning bet365 score title"，Compose this set of poems。

Zhang Zai proposed Yuefu to "chasing the meaning bet365 score title"，It is not required that the text content is consistent with the title，But the content bet365 score poem is consistent with the purpose bet365 score ancient poems bet365 score Han and Wei dynasties，It corresponds to the "meaning" of ancient Ci。Because most bet365 score titles of Han Yuefu are taken from the first sentence bet365 score song，Not a complete summary，Not closely related to the content。Zhang Zaigu Yuefu "Chasing the Correct Meaning bet365 score Title"，The content bet365 score text is required to be consistent with the ancient words，Obviously intended to correct the use of ancient inscriptions in the Jin, Song, Qi and Liang Dynasties and even in the Yuefu bet365 score Tang Dynasty、A practice that does not adhere to the ancient ideas。

For example, the poem "Cock Crow": "The cock crows and the platform is filled with worries，Brothers inside and outside are praying for each other。Golden Gate，Bai Yutang，Zhijiu Kaile，Glory and glory。Peach injury and Li stiffness，You may have forgotten。"A brief summary of Han Yuefu's "Cockcrow"，Abbreviated the original words to boast about wealth and wealth，Focus on the theme of admonishing brothers at the end bet365 score chapter。Compare with Han Yuefu Ci: "Gold is the king's gate，The jade is the hall。There are two bottles of wine，As a messenger to Handan Advocate。”“Tao Sheng Lu Inoue，Li Shusheng Taobang。Insects come to bite the peach roots，Li Shudai Taojiang。Tree body generation，Brothers still forget each other。"It can be seen that Zhang Zai not only imitated the theme of Han Yuefu"，Also directly uses the word imagery of Han Yuefu，Deliberately pursue the two-way consistency with the "title" and "meaning" of ancient Han Ci。

This group of bet365 score mostly uses miscellaneous words、Saucy style，The diction is simple and ancient，Changing the five-character fluent style of Yuefu in the Han and Wei dynasties。Some terms are obviously taken from the pre-Qin classics，For example, the word "Tai" is used in the first two sentences of "Cockcrow"，Meaning is the personal pronoun "I"，See "Shang Shu·Tang Shi Pian": "A non-Taiwan boy，Dare to call chaos。”Danhanyuefuzhong，“I” as a personal pronoun，Extremely widely used。Zhang Zai deliberately replaced it with "台"，It seems obscure。To this，Zhu Xi has some opinions，He said: "Hengqu only studied bet365 score，It’s not like being stubborn in speech，There are many typos。”It’s not necessarily wrong”，At least inappropriate。Zhu Xi was also a Neo-Confucianist，But for poetry writing，Obviously more discerning than Zhang Zai。

This method of abbreviating the old Yuefu words bet365 score previous dynasties，Also shown in the pseudo-ancient Yuefu of other poets bet365 score same period，The thoughts are not as profound as Zhang Zai。文同，Zi Yuke，Famous painter and poet in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty。There is a volume of "Miscellaneous Odes of Yuefu" in his anthology "Danyuan Collection"，Most of them are works imitating the old Yuefu titles of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties。Wen Tong did not explain the motivation for the creation of "Yuefu Zayong"，The rhetorical content bet365 score works he imitated does not seem to have been strictly screened，Ideology is not unified，The representative work "The King of Qin's Rolling Clothes" is a tribute to the old edict，Gorgeous diction，Lingering thoughts。Under Wen Tong’s pen，Old Yuefu poems from Han, Wei and Six Dynasties are largely resources of pseudo-ancient poetics，Zhang Zai's "Ancient Yuefu" has far-reaching ideal sustenance，It is closely integrated with his overall sense of mission to restore the orthodoxy。

Zhang Zai's "Short Xiao Song" "The Imperial Court Ten Thousand Years"，Jiming Chongguang”；《日重光》《日重光，Tianjixiang，Wish to be honest and bright forever”；《Duguan Mountain》《Duguan Mountain，Xunjiuzhou，Provincial farming, wide corvee, and inquiry about Mingyou”；《Wine with wine today》《Wine with wine today，Leshi Mingchang。Things are like human beings，Taiwan worries are forgotten”。The last piece "Ju Ge Xing" reiterates the creative intention，"Speak empty words to see the ambition，The sense of common people is connected to ancient times”，"The drums are leaping forward and the troops are marching forward，Thousand and Five Hundred Years，Liaozaijiyan”。This kind of worrying thought，Due to Zhang Zai’s attitude toward Confucianism、The deep sadness that the spirit of etiquette has been lost。Therefore，"Zhang Zaichang thought deeply and wanted to explain，The imperial court，Became a temple in the suburbs" ("History bet365 score Song Dynasty·Le Zhi")。The poems imitating ancient Yuefu，Expound with him the "Thirteen Chapters of Interpretation of Poetry" in "The Book of Songs"，They are all intentional compositions of "Facing the Ancient Poetry"。

Admittedly，From the perspective of poetry art，Zhang Zai's "Ancient Yuefu" is not praised，But looking at Zhang Zi’s unremitting pursuit of Confucian etiquette and music spirit and political ideals throughout his life，The spirit of imitating ancient Yuefu and even deliberately imitating ancient times should be respected。Wang Luzhai, a Neo-Confucian scholar bet365 score Southern Song Dynasty, said in "Ju Ge Xing": "This is the name bet365 score ancient Yuefu。Zhang Zi sighed that it was impossible，Siyu writes a book to realize the afterlife，I do it because I express my ambition。"His words can be called Zhang Zizhiyin。

　　bet365 score Lei and Cao Xun: The spirit of “Building Yuefu”

Yuefu poetry is a style of poetry that originated from the imperial ritual and music system，After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, although literati became poetic，But the relationship with the court rituals and music was not interrupted。The functions and attributes of Yuefu institutions responsible for court rituals and music are deeply rooted in the hearts bet365 score people，Become the centripetal force for the writing of music and songs by later generations of literati。So from the mid-Tang Dynasty and Yuan Dynasties、Zhang Ji、Wang Jian、Yuan Zhen、Bai Juyi will rest until late Tang Pi Day，Both are Yuefu writings with the nature of "complementary music songs"。Inherit the Tang Dynasty’s supplementary inspection of current affairs、The creative concept of Guancai Fengyao，Literati bet365 score Northern Song Dynasty continued to carry forward the spiritual tradition of "complementing the loss" and "addition" of ancient and modern Yuefu。

First，Building the legacy of Yuefu。Zhang Lei，Zi Wenqian，One bet365 score Four Bachelors of Su Sect，Died relatively late among Sumen literati，Has a great influence on the evolution of literary styles between the two Song Dynasties。Similar to Zhang Shunmin，Zhang Lei also fell in love with Yuefu poems in his later years，The original biography of "Song History" states that in his later years, "Yuefu imitated Zhang Ji"。The current "Collected Works of Zhang Youshi" contains three volumes of "Ancient Yuefu Songs and Poems"，Among the Sumen literati, he has the most surviving Yuefu poems。Zhang Lei is not good at music，Not good at making idioms，This is particularly different from Su Shi and other bachelors，But the number of poems and music palaces he produced is the highest among Sumen，This should make up for the regret of not being able to make music。Zhang Lei did not start writing Yuefu poems in his later years，But I went through hardships later in life，The experience of worldly affairs becomes more profound，Later Yuefu poems, whether with ancient titles or self-made new titles，Multiple abilities combined with personal experience，Highly realistic。

"Jiangnan Song", "Song of Clothes" and other chapters，It can be seen that Zhang Lei imitated Zhang Ji and Wang Jian Yuefu，"Guangshan Ballad" and "Mai Transport" are representatives of documentary Yuefu。"The Line of Wheat Transport" was written by the poet who moved to Chendi in his later years，Preface: "I passed the Song Dynasty，See the villagers losing wheat in front bet365 score warehouse，Under the shade bet365 score locust tree，It’s so joyful。Recover it later，He is half drunk while holding the car，We are back together。Feeling，For "The Wheat Transport"，To make up for the legacy of Yuefu。”This is to make up for the shortcomings of Yuefu，Hope it can be adopted by the court。This poem is a documentary work，But "farmhouse entertainment" is by no means a common phenomenon in the late Northern Song Dynasty，The poet's "feelings"，To make up for the legacy of Yuefu”，I just hope that this rare picture of harmonious governance between the government and the people will spread to Yuefu，To encourage monarchs and ministers，Fenghua Tianxia。

Later，Wang Yang’s work "Transporting Wheat with bet365 score Wenqian to Chu to Guard Wei Yancheng" to encourage friends，"The Journey of Losing Millet" written by Zhou Zizhi, a disciple of bet365 score Lei，All influenced by bet365 score Lei。Zhou Zizhi also wrote "Seeing a herd of cattle covering the wild field in Wuxi Road"，Ask Rong Zhoulai，Feeling the distance，It is a short song，To make up for the shortcomings of Yuefu》，Similar writing motivation。

Secondly，Death of Bu Yue Fu。That is, the ancient Yuefu has titles but no words，Or the ancient poems are lost，The act of later generations compiling Yuefu lyrics。The poet Cao Xun during the Song Dynasty was the most prominent in this kind of supplementary music house。The first six volumes of Cao Xun's "Songyin Collected Works" are "Ancient Yuefu"，Involving nearly 200 Yuefu titles。This writing scale，Leading the first place among the Yuefu creations of literati in the Song and Song Dynasties。For Yuefu Style，Cao Xun has a conscious sense of choice，Poems are often preceded by a small preface to state the intention of writing。For example, the preface to "Three Gorges Flowing Spring Song" says: "All ancient poems are dead，"Qin Ji" written by Yun Chu and Ruan Xian，New and added now。"The preface to "The Coming bet365 score Saint" says: "The ancient Yuefu has titles but no words，Added because it is new。"The preface to "Jin Shi Tao Liu Huang" says: "All ancient poems are dead，I don’t know where it came from... I’ll make it new now。"The prefaces to the poems "Longtou Yin", "Baixue Song", "Le Weiyang" and "Yellow Crane" all say: "The ancient Yuefu has its name but its lyrics are lost。”

Cao Xun also has "Ten Complementary Music Songs"， The supplements are all ancient movements。About the motivation to make up for the loss，Cao Xun said very clearly in the preface to "Ji Shan Cao": ""Qin Ji" has a name but no words，Today we will make up for it，Those who look at the future can be like the thoughts bet365 score predecessors。"Visiting the "Hearts bet365 score Forefathers"，The meaning of Shenguang Ancient Yuefu，This is also the ambition bet365 score ancients、Promote the spirit of ancient Yuefu。

　　bet365 score Shunmin: Yuefu writing in the wake of “a lifelong friend”

Zhang Shunmin，Zi Yunsou，Famous painter and poet in the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty，Su Shi’s best friend。The second half of Zhang Shunmin’s life was the same as that of other Yuanyou Party members，Relegated to the outside world，Staying homeless。One hundred volumes of his collection "Collection of Paintings"，Unfortunately, it was incomplete in the late Southern Song Dynasty，Addition by later generations，Only nine volumes remain today。"Complete Poems bet365 score Song Dynasty" contains nine titles and eleven of Zhang Shunmin's ancient Yuefu poems: "Purple Horse", "Guanshan Moon", "The Great Disaster in the Future", "Jun Ma Huang", "Handan Boy" and "Two Poems of Dongwu" "Crow on the City" "Two Poems Looking at Pedestrians" "Hu No One"。Themes of these works、The style is not completely unified。For example, "The Crow on the City" describes the sadness of parting after the expedition，Painful words，“Master leads the clothes，Children hugging knees，Neighbors in the east and west cry one，The travelers on the road are heartbroken”。"Wang Xingren" expresses the hatred of separation，“Don’t let three autumns last forever，Born to a hundred years old。It is better to return home to relatives，The floating name is "Foliage"。"Purple Horse" creates the image of a sad old man，“Hold your shoulders and use your stick to go out，Sit upstairs with your son and grandson in your arms。Suddenly burst into tears，I came before Hualiu”。"Two Poems of Tobu" are all based on historical events，"The world is like a ring，Zeng Bu borrowed a moment。The previous ten people，Now it has become a ruins。Hu Bu long stay here，To live with our descendants”。"The Great Disaster in the Tomorrow" talks about the short life of people，It’s better to let nature take its course。Although it is an imitation bet365 score old Yuefu，Come out to express emotions，But read these works，It is obvious that the author has experienced years of hardship、The mentality of seeing through the changes in the world。

According to Chao Gongwu’s "Jun Zhai Study Chronicles"，Zhang Shunmin wrote more than 100 pieces for Yuefu in his later years，Self-prefaced name: ‘You are over the age of your ears’，Fang Ganyan's poem，After a hundred generations，There must be a confidant’ cloud”。It can be seen that Zhang Shunmin devoted himself to Yuefu poetry in his later years，Scale reaches "more than 100 articles"。From its "hundreds of generations later"，Self-narrated speculation that there must be a close friend，These Yuefu poems must not be in line with contemporary aesthetics，Poet’s Anger Psychology，Or it is like Zhang Zai who "believes that it cannot be done and does it"。The above-mentioned chapters of bet365 score，It has a considerable degree of consistency with Han Yuefu。The poet said that he is "over the years and his ears are smooth"，Fang dares to write poems”，Mostly because of this。

According to the third volume of Wang Ruoxu's Hunan Poetry Talk: "bet365 score Shunmin almost cursed Lotte New Yuefu，This is the fifty chapters of "Gu Angry Song"。However, his poems are not passed down，Also slightly unappreciated。"It can be seen that among the more than 100 Yuefu poems written by bet365 score Shunmin in his later years, there are 50 "Gu Angry Yin"，This group of poems is deeply influenced by the fifty poems in Bai Juyi's "New Yuefu"。The poet is dissatisfied with the shallow and vulgar style of Bai's New Yuefu，Don’t write "Lonely Fury" to compete with it，The content should be about current events，The art of diction is more sophisticated。It is a pity that the work will not be passed on，If you want to know his friend, you can’t get it，Sad！In the late Song Dynasty, Liu Kezhuang's "City Building Journey", "Trench Journey", "Grain Transport Journey", "Bitter Cold Journey", "National Memorial Journey", "Military Music", "Sending Clothes Song", "Daliang Old Man's Journey", "Broken Formation Song" and other music houses song creation，They are all representatives who continue the spirit of this current event。

The Song Dynasty court attached great importance to rituals and music，Respect ancient music，Initiated many discussions to discuss the Yuefu Yale system。Combined Confucian revival and cultural restoration，Strengthened Song people’s awareness bet365 score origins of Yuefu style。The title of each question in Guo Maoqian's "Yuefu Poems" is explained in an orderly manner，To be appended by future generations，Obviously this style is intended to correct the origin of Yuefu，Let future generations know the origin bet365 score change。Zheng Qiao's "Le Lue" also upholds the truth、Looking at the evolution of Yuefu in the past dynasties from a different perspective。The Song people’s understanding bet365 score origin of Yuefu breaks through the Han Dynasty，Pointing directly to the pre-Qin Dynasty。Zhou Zizhi's "Preface to Ancient and Modern Music Houses" is quite representative，He said: "The world speaks of Yuefu，Knowing that it originated from the Han and Wei dynasties，Prosperous in Jin and Song Dynasties，Created in Tang Dynasty，But I don’t know that its origin actually originated from the time of Yu and Shun... until Confucius deleted the poem and made the book，Take three hundred and six articles，At that time Yan Xian、Sacrifice、Downtube、Use it for all songs，Yuefu was built here。”Zhou pushed the origin of Yuefu to the “time of Yu and Shun”，Get the Dharma Saint’s “Book of Deletion of Poems”，naturally enhances the significance of its compilation of ancient and modern music houses。However，Yuefu respects the past，take it for granted。

In summary，With the political background of pursuing the ancient system of rituals and music，Taking the restoration of Confucianism as the ideological and cultural foundation，Taking "Poetry" and "Sao" as sources，The aforementioned Yuefu poets bet365 score Song Dynasty faced the popular trend of new music in lyrics, music and music，Through the creation of imitating ancient times such as "the meaning bet365 score title", "replenishing Yuefu" and "Zhiyin Zhiyin"，Profound politics、Life、Writing ideals。This kind of ancient spirit，It had a direct impact on the rise bet365 score ancient Yuefu style in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties。

　　(The author is an associate professor bet365 score School of Chinese Studies, Renmin University of China)