The Western Jin Dynasty bet365 joining bonus code Fate and Love、Characteristics of bright objects，Gained attention because it conforms to the modern concept of pure bet365 joining bonus code，Regarded as an important part of the process of literary self-consciousness。But if we examine it from the perspective of human ethics，Seems to be able to more accurately grasp the characteristics of Western Jin bet365 joining bonus code，In one word, it is called “human ethics bet365 joining bonus code”，This characteristic also determines its position as a boundary monument in the history of medieval bet365 joining bonus code。

　　Praise to imperial bet365 joining bonus code and etiquette

The first manifestation of the humanistic characteristics of Western Jin Dynasty bet365 joining bonus code is the respect for imperial power、The beauty of etiquette，This was a major theme in bet365 joining bonus code at that time。The praise of imperial power is exemplified by Zuo Si's "Sandu Fu"。"Sandu Fu" says: "Only Yong Shu and the magpies live in the same nest，The sentence "Wu" and "Frog Strider" share the same acupuncture point"" or "Zuo Yan"，Or cut out the skin and grow the hair”，Shiwu、Shu is a bird, beast, and Yidi。The endowment is "the sun is not as beautiful as the sun"，There are no two emperors in the world，The latitude and longitude of heaven and earth，Conclude with "The Reason Has Great Return"，The reason why Wu and Shu are belittled and Wei is promoted at the end，It’s just because the Western Jin Dynasty came from the Zen Dynasty to Cao Wei，Of course we must take Wei as the orthodoxy。The literati of the Western Jin Dynasty were quite enthusiastic about the praise of etiquette，There are two main categories of related works: one is praising Yuanhui、Country drinking、Ode to various rites and rituals；The second is Yuefu songs sung with joy during the ceremony，The subject is Fu Xuan、Zhang Hua、Xun Xu、Cheng Gongsui’s four-chamber song、Promoting music, songs, dances, poems, etc.。There are two points that need special attention here: First, imperial power and etiquette are inseparable。The epoch-making achievement of the Western Jin Dynasty in the ritual system was the creation and practice of the Five Rites System，The Five Rites System replaced the "Super "Shi Rites" System" of the Han Dynasty，The core is centered on monarchy rather than the patriarchal power of the Han Dynasty ritual system，As a monarch and a minister、Strict hierarchical order to develop various relationships (Liang Mancang's "Research on the Five Rites System of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties")。Fu Xuan believed that the construction of the etiquette system at that time was "even though the etiquette was an old system，His teachings are new”，The most important point of "Weixin" is to strengthen the imperial power。The second is the praise of etiquette in literary works, which is also the praise of imperial power。Because the etiquette system reflects the emperor's own attributes under the monarchy system，Reflects the social order of "Yilun Youxu" with imperial autocracy as the core。Therefore，These works cannot be generally regarded as court bet365 joining bonus code，They are fundamentally different from the court bet365 joining bonus code of the Southern Dynasties that was full of noble life sentiments and aesthetic tastes。

　Criticism bet365 joining bonus code thought of seclusion

Confucian ethics often regards the relationship between people as a normal and permanent way，Cannot and should not escape，Oppose separation from family、Social and national life，The same is true for the bet365 joining bonus code of the Western Jin Dynasty。For example Zhiyu、Shu Xi’s series of works by simulating “far travel”，Criticize the lofty ideals promoted by such works。Zhi Yu’s "Siyou Fu" is a kind of anti-simulation，The Fu criticizes those who are afraid of oppression and "abandon Yilun"，Travel far and wide”，At the end of the poem, he expresses his intention of "repairing harmony and admiring Yilun"。Shu Xi's "Ode to a Near Journey" is a parody of Qu Yuan's "A Journey to a Far Away"。Qu Yuan's "Yuan Yuan" and its numerous imitations use a grand cosmic perspective to reflect the insignificance and triviality of the human world，The author uses various ghosts and gods、Rare birds and animals form a guard of honor，Travel around the universe，Meet the Emperor and God。But the world of Shu Xi's "Jinyou Fu" is completely different，In "Jinyou Fu"，The author is just a country hermit，Riding an old cow，Drawing a shabby car，The place we visited was just a vegetable garden only a hundred steps away from the house，The neighbors I came into contact with were all disheveled roughnecks，But the author is very interested in this real world，"Wandering and wandering near"。Xu Xi uses this comical simulation form，To "Sad times and customs force us to do bad things"，Mocking those who are willing to travel far and wide with ease。In addition，His "Dushu Fu" describes the joy of poor people reciting poems and books in a shabby room，"Cake Fu" describes various kinds of pasta in detail，"Ode to Encouraging Farmers" writes about the exploitation of the poor by officials，"Poor Family Poem" describes the bitterness of the poor struggling to survive on the line of food and clothing。Compared to "far travel"，Shu Xi believes that humble and trivial daily life is also worthy of appreciation、The place of nostalgia。For those who appear to be reclusive but in reality are greedy for profit, we will give them more directly、The more sharp criticism was Ji Han，His "Diaozhuang Wen" criticized the powerful Wang Cui face to face for "sinking into fame and fortune，The daughter of an emperor，Lianyao Sanguang，There is nowhere to go”。

The proportion of reclusive works in the Western Jin Dynasty is much smaller than imagined，In these few reclusive works，The purpose may not be hidden。The main theme of Zuo Si's "Zhaoyin Poem" (Part 2)，As Qian Zhongshu said: "It's clear that you'll be willing to wait for the price."，Those who are not haggard in caves，Recommended by Gou Xiang，Not ashamed of being a minor official" ("Guan Zui Bian")。10 "Miscellaneous Poems" by Zhang Xie，Except for the first poem about friendship，Generally describing the poet's ambivalent state of mind in a dilemma in troubled times。Pan Yue's "Xianju Fu" should be the most famous work in the Western Jin Dynasty that expresses the taste of seclusion，But its actual connotation is completely different from the hermit works of later generations。The first half bet365 joining bonus code fu lays out the Sanyong (spiritual platform) as a symbol of national ritual and music education.、Mingtang、PI Yong)，And the emperor held sacrifices to heaven in Sanyong、ancestral worship、Promote the etiquette of filial piety and brotherhood in elderly care，Then he writes "Two Studies" (Tai Xue、Guozixue) to see the prosperity of national teaching。The second half bet365 joining bonus code poem describes the family’s enjoyment of having a feast in the garden，It is precisely the Confucian "filial piety is only filial piety"，Friends with brothers，The image interpretation of "giving power to the government"。The core idea of ​​this fu is to promote etiquette, music, filial piety，It is also the embodiment bet365 joining bonus code political and religious function of Cifu's "reflecting the country, economics and wilderness"，Compared with the "drink water and eat vegetables" and "quan gypsum dead" that later generations emphasized.，The "Yanxia Chronic Disease" is very different。

　An expression bet365 joining bonus code repressed feelings of human ethics

The issue of human ethics and order was the primary issue related to the value of life and its realization in ancient times，It is also a long-lasting proposition in ancient bet365 joining bonus code，And it was fully expressed for the first time in the bet365 joining bonus code of the Western Jin Dynasty。Suppressed feelings about human order，There are four main ways of expression by literati in the Western Jin Dynasty: one is to try to gain knowledge by praising the imperial power，Zuo Si's "Sandu Fu"、Pan Yue's "Jitian Fu" and other works are representative works。The second is to euphemistically express the anger of not being able to appreciate talent，Sometimes it also means seeking recommendations from powerful people。For example，"Ode to Trapped Heat" written by Ji Han，Because of the simple living conditions, he lamented that "the weather is close to the sky, but the cold and heat are very different"，Same world but different joys and sorrows"，Writing "Ode to Gushu", he lamented that he was like Gushu, "who lives in a wrong place，It brings about withering”。A work that expresses anger implicitly and asks for recommendations，For example, "Gift to Mountain Tao" by Sima Biao is included in the "Gift and Reply Poems" category of "Selected bet365 joining bonus code"、"A Gift to He Shao Wang Ji" by Fu Xian、Guo Taiji's "Reply to Fu Xian" etc.。The third is to sharply criticize oppression and injustice。The ninth-grade Zhongzheng system at that time、The sale of official titles has resulted in a large number of "handsome and humble officials"，A series of cynical works from time to time，Zuo Si's "Ode to History"、"Doubt" by Xia Houzhan、Lu Bao's "On the God of Money"、Wang Chen’s "Shi Shi Lun"、Du Song's "Ren Zi Chun Qiu"、Cai Hong's "On Loneliness"、Zhang Zai's "Contemplation" was written at a critical time。Especially Zhong Chang'ao's "Nu Xing Fu" denounces the evil of human nature，Even Han Fei, who advocates the most thoroughgoing evil of human nature, has no such incentive。Fourth is complete contempt、Network that denies the order of human ethics，And provide additional alternative value。If we talk about the cultivation of truth expressed in Zhang Xie’s "Miscellaneous Poems"、If the idea of ​​poverty is still the old tradition，Then Zuo Si’s "Zhenyi Qianrenggang，The water flows thousands of miles away" "It doesn't have to be silk and bamboo？The mountains and rivers have clear sounds" represents a new realm。The former denied the value of human order with his heroic spirit，The latter provides another alternative - the aesthetic and philosophical understanding of natural landscapes。Compare these four methods，We can clearly see the inheritance and expansion of Western Jin Dynasty bet365 joining bonus code from Cao Wei bet365 joining bonus code。Sixteen years after Jian'an，Especially Cao Pi、Cao Rui’s two dynasties，Praising imperial power has become the mainstream of bet365 joining bonus code，Even Cao Zhi, who has always been the representative of Jian'an style，Also the largest Yasong writer in this period。This kind of praise reached its peak in the Western Jin Dynasty。And cynicism and complete denial of the human order are basically the innovations of Western Jin Dynasty bet365 joining bonus code。

The human ethics bet365 joining bonus code of the Western Jin Dynasty is not just about the preaching of abstract moral norms，Also have ethical emotional experience、Conscious understanding and pursuit of literary talent。Lu Jiyan "Poetry is related to love with beauty"，The specific connotation of "love"，No matter in terms of Lu Ji’s own works or the overall situation of Western Jin bet365 joining bonus code，Refers to human emotions。Two poetic anecdotes recorded in "Shishuoxinyu·bet365 joining bonus code" can also be used as evidence。Pan Yue commented on Xia Houzhan's "Zhou Poems" as "not just gentle"，This is the difference between filial piety and brotherhood”，Attach importance to the "gentle" beauty of bet365 joining bonus code and the moral sentiment of filial piety。Sun Chu's "Poetry on Women's Clothes"，Wang Ji commented: "Unknown bet365 joining bonus code is born of love，Love comes from bet365 joining bonus code”，This is love and bet365 joining bonus code；Another comment: “It’s so sad to see，Increase the importance of the couple”，This is love and courtesy，meaning in love。Such an aesthetic pursuit，Generally speaking, Confucianism is the best way to achieve perfection、Gentleness and politeness are the standard。

In summary，The characteristics of Western Jin bet365 joining bonus code lie in its humanistic connotation and exquisite craftsmanship in form。These two aspects are the inheritance and expansion of Han and Wei bet365 joining bonus code，That is, as Shen Yue said, he can "embellished the sound of the platform"，The high charm of picking Nanpi"，Also able to "discipline different people"，The body changes to King Cao" ("Book of Song·Biography of Xie Lingyun")。The bet365 joining bonus code of the Western Jin Dynasty and the bet365 joining bonus code of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and Southern Dynasties are divided into two different stages of literary history。The literary expressions of the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties are more about landscapes、Pinwu、Hermitage、Philosophy、Religion and other super-ethical content，Aesthetics have also shifted from the pursuit of "gold-engraved and staggered colors" to the beauty of "clear water hibiscus"。Western Jin Dynasty bet365 joining bonus code can serve as a boundary monument in the history of medieval bet365 joining bonus code。

(The author is an associate professor at the School of bet365 joining bonus code and Media, Guangxi Normal University for Nationalities)