Since the 21st century，Various human enhanced technologies continue to enter the reality from science fiction ideas，Open a thrilling possibility for the future of human beings: human natural life can be renovated at the basic structure、Reinstallation，Even human nature may be improved by technology or even rewritten，Keep moving towards a certain post -human future。In some researchers,，This is after Babeta，A completely dominated by humans、"Road to the Sky" with technology as the carrier。But，Regarding this "road of heaven" will bring humans to，People are in divergence。From the point of view of biological progressists represented by super -humanist，This road will give us the opportunity to challenge the boundary between nature and tradition for the possibility of human beings，until I get out of "Human Childhood"。But from the perspective of biological conservatives，A radical technological revolution is threatening the essence of human beings。The differences between the two are not just about the conservative or progressive attitude of technology，More fundamental disputes involve human survival state，Especially the time map of human survival。From this perspective，Time is the hidden prerequisite for human future imagination，It is even deeper than the effect of technology。For this，We will use time as a incision，Compared with three representative three post -human time maps，Discussion on the question of the question "What kind of postponement will be moved towards bet365 best casino games the future of humans"。

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Time framework for the future imagination of super -humanism is a kind of evolutionary time map，It is advocated to understand the nature of human beings from the perspective of biological and technological evolution。Under the framework at this time，At this stage, humans are just a fleeting link in natural evolution，and human beings have a certain ability to drive and control natural evolution，Never challenge the natural limit of human beings。but，If everything can be surpassed，So this seemingly beautiful rising journey seems to lack any essence or purpose -without continuous or lasting things，Only endless moment，Each one is transcendence and negation of the previous one，Let the seemingly beautiful and great things lack of good in the face of better prospects。

Superhumanism keenly realized，Towards the universe is an inevitable ending of endless life，But some kind of nihilism is also breeding here -the cost of going to the universe is the location of human loss in the existence。Martin Heidegger described it as a destiny of human beings homeless on the earth。Hannah Arendt has made a more symbolic for this danger、Metaphorical disclosure: Astronauts in the space compartment full of instruments may only encounter him and artificial objects，Can't encounter anything else。Superhumanism may be able to justify，The time dimension that plays a role is the future。For example，astronauts must move towards a future goal，This is the home that is really open to him。This future breaks any existing moment，and put the true goodness and good at the end of time -in the real transcendence。Obviously，In the face of such a goal，Only eternal life can match it。Eternal Bet365 app download Sheng is also the only possibility of Yongyi to get rid of the phantom of nihilism。As Liu Cixin said with expectations: "Human ships are sailing in the lower reaches of the river of life，Already approaching the estuary，It is about to enter the sea of ​​vast vast life。”

　　Sectional time map 

From the point of view of biological conservatives such as Francis Fukuyama，The future of the evolutionary time map may be a myth of mirror flowers and water，Because this future is essentially chosen by the current human desire and will，So there is no real transcendence。On the contrary，The desire to limit the infinite expansion of the technology should be limited by the person's essential specification，Time mechanism to change the bottom layer of human survival。Typical strategy is，Establish an unchanged form in the flow time。For example，Fushan attempts to resort to the concept of "human dignity"，"Do not want to block the unity or continuity of human nature，and the rights that affect people based on it "，Instead, "try to save all the complexity、endowment from evolved，Avoid self -modification "。

From the perspective of time，The concept of "human dignity" of Fukuyama depends on a static、Oxical time section，That is the sectional time map。This is what he said: "A node in the process of human evolution，Some very important essential jumps have happened，If it is not an ontology jump。It is because of this to the overall jump，Finally, the cornerstone of human dignity was formed。"This is a fundamental confusion in the technical era -what is the boundary between human natural life technology?

It should be pointed out，The criticism of Fukuyama is still based on the presence of the field，Try to fix the essence Bet365 app download of constant change in the change。But，Nihistani is just the other side of the school -"God is dead"，Time has also lost inner direction，The rest is just the current "current" flow。and Fukuyama uses "human nature" as the alternative of "God"，It believes that it surpasses and inside every moment of human history。

　"Shengsheng" style map scene 

The above two time map scenes have not solved our confusion，Nor did it exhaust all the possibilities of the future human future。In order，We also need to invest in western culture -Chinese philosophy may provide another possible time map。

Chinese philosophy follows a "life" style map scene，"The heavens and the earth are profitable，and Time Message "。This time view excludes the direct intervention of the creator，Raise people to a higher position，I believe that people are indispensable active participants in the natural process。Qian Mu summarizes it，"Nature is characterized by the movement，The humanities are characterized by initiative "。Taking nature as a smooth move，It is due to the unwavering owner of Chinese thought，It does not think that there is another move to dominate this motion or give birth;，highlight the special status of human beings，"Congenital and Tianfu violates，The day after tomorrow and Fengtian "。But no matter what，Humanities Still out of nature，There is a limit，In the end, it will return to nature。Naturally does not rule out human，But people cannot get out of the limit of the movement of nature，and this limit is not an external constraint like a divine commandment。The profoundness of Chinese philosophy is to point out，This limit is not any ready -made boundary or the range that can be clearly defined，but the invisible "Zhong"。bet365 best casino games It seems like a pendulum or circular movement，I did not stop above that "Zhong" during the trip，But always return to "Zhong"，It seems that there is always a "middle" to dominate this start without end、Endless "Move"。

Although the "life" style chart scene looks close to a evolutionary time map，But there is a fundamental difference between the two。From the perspective of Chinese philosophy，The "movement" of the theory of evolution is just ahead，is the deviation of "Zhong"; super -humanism advocates the direction of human evolution (so -called from accident to selection)，It is also deviation of "Zhong"。Chinese philosophy aimed at "neutralization" is rather to go to the middle of the way，Pursue the harmony in my flowing Huitong，Yi An Qi，The original time of the original form is an important symbol of harmony。Zhang Xianglong calls it the "original weaving state" of survival time、Popular Tense of Tiandao，And think，Can help resist the kind of being flat、ready -made、The invasion of the space -based "present" time sequence，so as to save another future possibility for humans。

From this，Chinese philosophy opens the third road between biological conservativeism and biological progressism。Different from biological conservatives trying to cut off time、Find one of the fixed points，Chinese philosophy constitutes the realm of the territory as the indicator of the human nature with the time of the original time，Profitting "Knowing Ji" "Knowing Wei"，Leave a greater elastic space between nature and human beings，It also left greater imagination for future technology; it is also different from biopagents to try to put all time (including past) under the control of will，Chinese philosophy believes that bet365 live casino games technology must be restricted by the time of the original.，Technology's assistance to human natural life should not be anti -customers，Extract the meaning of the significance of the original time to form the original region。From this perspective，Superhumanism technology pursuing individual eternal life is immoral，Because this will lead to the flatness of survival time、homogeneity，and fundamentally weaken and destroy parent -child relationship and parent -child experience，Change the original consciousness method of people，The source of the meaning of life。Robert Anson Heinlein's "Time Enough You Love" may be an example of it: the eternal life is except for the pursuit of novelty and physical desires，It seems that I can't find how much the meaning of life。Of course，Superhumanism, while admitting that individual eternal life will destroy the relationship between life and parent -child，It will also propose that the future of transcendence may bring the source of life experience and significance that cannot be imagined today。The debate on this problem will continue。

The above three time maps may not have all the possibilities of the future of human beings in the future，But it is enough to remind us，Maybe the fate of the technical era may not be technical problems，Instead of what purpose should technology obey、Whoever obeys the purpose。We should pursue the technology of overcoming life and death，Still pursue a technology that coordinated with human natural life rhythm? We should choose to go to the universe，With an endless life，Still should choose to live on the earth，Accept certain restrictions and fetters of nature，The source of the significance of human survival，Or is there another bet365 live casino games way? Answer to these questions，It will fundamentally determine what kind of postpone mankind will we move to。

　 (This article is the National Social Science Foundation General Project "Ethical Framework and Governance Research on Artificial Intelligence Medicine Application" (20BZX127) phased results) 

(The author is a professor at the Department of Philosophy of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Member of the Science Fiction Literature Special Committee of the Chinese Writers Association、science fiction writer)