Those who have always studied in the past，No spirit of changing。Perseverance，Although the saying of a family，But it is difficult to leave a strong color in academic history。Modern history everyone，The saying of "three changes" for learning for learning。Three changes in the kingdom Weizhi school，Zhaosa in Western philosophy，Then transfer to Chinese literature，Then transfer to Chinese history。Chen Yuan's three changes，Beginning with Qian Daxin's test of the source of the mirror，Later, dedicated to the study of Gu Yanwu Jingshi，Turning the whole Anti -Japanese War to the whole ancestor to report to the country's righteousness。Chen Yinque's three changes，First of all "the text of the family，History of Celery "，Followed by "Middle Ages with the History of National Culture"，Last "History of Heart"。Each change of research direction and academic style of these senior scholars，All the characteristics of the times、Results of personal encounter and academic atmosphere，It is also the opening of the academic atmosphere。

In modern academic research，"Specialty" seems to be in a specific field has become the norm，The quality of "Yuanbo" and "Changing" is often ignored。For scholars personal，A considerable height and depth in a specific field，It is quite difficult。Under the background of high professionalism and subdivisions of academic research at the moment，If you want to be like Wang Guowei、Chen Yuan、Chen Yinke and others can do the "three changes" of their learning、Repeated atmosphere，For a scholar, it can be described as obstructive and long。Professor of the School of History Bet365 app download of Beijing Normal University, Wu Fulin, in his academic career，Improved the predecessor's sages，Continuous self -reflection、Self -breakthrough and self -transcendence，The process of showing the continuous expansion of ancient history researchers behind academics。

　　bet365 Play online games

Entrance Examination of Pre -Qin History，From the nature of historical materials，It is often divided into the main literature of the handed down and the unearthed materials，Study on the historical data test of Fu Fulin is both in these two aspects。

In the late 1970s，晁 Fulin followed Mr. Zhao Guangxian to engage in the social structure and township system of the Zhou Dynasty。Its achievements "The Social Structure of the Zhou Dynasty and the" Township System Theory "" mainly depends on the expansion of the handed down literature，Later, the publication of "Master of Library of Chinese Humanities and Social Sciences" was published。After this article is completed，He has not stayed in this field，Instead of quickly developing the field of vision，Discussion on the unearthed materials。In the early 1980s，"Oracle Collection" and "Xiaotunnan Dilai" will be published one after another，晁 Fulin will turn the main direction to Oracle。He writes multiple articles in oracle scholarship，Among them, the article "Look at the National Number of Ji Zhou and its related issues" is a masterpiece of this period。

The early research article of Fu Fulin reflects the following three characteristics: first，Based on the evidence of literature。For example, "Reading" Zhou Li "" Notes "," Shang Song> Difficult Sentence "," New Type of Junfaer Private "" and other articles are the training and dredging of the words in the ancient literature。Second，Taking historical research as the main direction，Disputes、Unclear historical events for analysis and combing。bet365 best casino games For example, "The Test of the Sands", "The Test of the Battle of the Five Kingdoms and the Battle of the Fish Repairing Fish"，Climbing clues from the complicated scattered records，The cause of these two important battles during the Warring States Period、Analysis of the results and results，Analysis of its historical significance。third，Follow and study Oracle、Golden Material，But can jump out of the material itself，Research on Major historical issues。For example, "The name of the Shangwang in Yinxu Ci and the King of Shang Dynasty"，Specific test of the name of the King of Shang in the Congzhong Shang Shang，The issue of the king of Shang and the Shang Dynasty。Another article "Bohe Father and Republican Administration"，Start with several bronze inscriptions related to Bo and Father，Syllarsia one by one，After dredging the meaning of the inscription，The purpose is to explore the major historical issues of "Republican Administration"。This study not only avoids the "fragmentation" caused by tedious research，It also avoided the risk of "arguing with history"，It is a way to take care of the macro micro -control。

Research is the background of the academic research of Tong Fulin，The results of more than 40 years of research，Basically, both papers in the "Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods" and "Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods" and "Summer and Shang and Western Zhou Shiba Tao"。

　Learning of Huitong

Pre -Qin as the longest interrogation of the longest research in ancient Chinese history，How to fully grasp its historical evolution，Interpretation of different development stages of the pre -Qin social culture，It is a question that must be answered in front of the history of the pre -Qin history in the new era。So，In the turn of the 1980s and 1990s，晁 Fulin from the previous micro、specific、Research Bet365 app download on verification，Turn to macro、Long -term、Theoretical study。

At this stage，The most significant feature of the academic achievements of Fulin，It produced a series of "macro theory"。For example, "On the Divine Territories of the Yin", "On Zhou Daiqing Power", "On the Phase of the Warring States Phase", "Sisters"，Discuss the changes in the era of political power in the pre -Qin period;，Discuss the political social changes on the occasion of two weeks and the basic political pattern of the spring and autumn generations。Behind these papers，It is the major historical subject of "pre -Qin social form" for more than 10 years in deep cultivation。

"Ancient History In installments" is the most far -reaching historical discussion topic since the founding of the People's Republic of China，The core of this problem is the division limit of ancient Chinese slavery society and feudal society，The best historians at that time basically participated in the discussion，But no recognized conclusion。Enter a new period，In the research field of pre -Qin society, the "no slave theory" that advocated that ancient China did not go through typical slavery society。"No slave theory" from the rise to wide academic acceptance，晁 Fulin played an important role。He published the monograph "Social Change of the Society of Xia and Shang and the Western Zhou Dynasty" and "Research on the Society of Predictive Social Society"，Three stages of the "clan feudal system", "sectarian feudal system" and "landlord feudal system"，It is a new development of Marxist historical social morphology，It is a social form study with Chinese characteristics，It also draws a more successful rest of the rest for decades for decades.。

　　Humanities

After entering the 21st century，晁 Fulin pays more attention to the formation of the ideas of ideas in the early stages of bet365 Play online games Chinese civilization、Development、Change and the impact of the movement behind and the effects behind it。Promotional force of this transformation，The discovery and announcement of the Literature of the Warring States Period。

From "Guodian Jian" to "Shangbo Jane"，Then to "Tsinghua Jane"，For 20 years，The hotspots and explosive points of the study of pre -Qin history are concentrated in the field of unearthed literature。As Chen Yinque said，"Academic of the period，There must be new materials and new problems "。In the case where the new material is already，晁 Fulin proposed the "new problem" of the study of pre -Qin history，Entering a new field of ideological history research。

In fact，晁 Fulin has been paying attention to the ideas of the pre -Qin period very early，The paper published in the 1990s "The concept of ghosts and gods in the Spring and Autumn Period and its social influence" "The concept of ghosts and gods during the Warring States Period and its social impact"，Is the classic work of this problem。Many scholars are affected by it，For further research on this basis。Discovery and announcement of the Document of the Warring States Period，Make Xun Fulin turn his vision to the sons and social thoughts，It has promoted its new breakthrough in the history of thought。

In terms of the thoughts of the sons，The most important book of Xun Fulin should belong to "Shangbo Jian" Poetry Theory "Research"。Since the announcement of "Shangbo Jane" and "Confucius Poems"，晁 Fulin started to study this literature，Published to the book，Live for more than ten years，Can be called ten years grinding a sword。More than 1100 pages of the whole book，The following three edits、Middle、The following three edits，Edited "Reverse Syndrome"，Dredging the brief text of "Poetry Theory"; "Comprehensive Bet365 app download Research" in the middle editor，Discuss a number of important "Poetry" learning issues; the next "special research"，Historical issues involved in Poetry Theory and Confucius' ideas are quite impressed。For example, Fudulin discussed Confucius' emphasis on the relationship between poetry and humanity，and the view of the destiny of Confucius、Language view、Discussion on issues such as love view，Generous new meaning。Some scholars point out，"Shangbo Jian" Poetry Theory "Study" "Study from" Poetry "and" Poetry "study，Comprehensive integration of human nature、The profound understanding and criticism of human love "，It is true。

If the research of the thoughts of the sons pays attention to the important node in the history of the pre -Qin thought，So the history of ideas is a flowing scroll，The background of this scroll，is the "social thought" commonly recognized by the public during the pre -Qin period。晁 Fulin has published two monographs of "Research on Predictive Social Thought" and "Destiny and Yilun: Predictive Social Thought Detective"，This is the reasonable transformation of his earlier study of the pre -Qin social form，It is also a response and attempt to the combination of thought history and social history research that Hou Waulu appealed as early as the 1950s，The inheritance and development of the new path of the new path developed by Ge Zhaoguang developed by Ge Zhaoguang。So，晁 Fulin did not oppose social thoughts with elite thoughts，Instead of paying attention to the communication between the two、Interactive。There are continuous and rich backgrounds，There are several outstanding points，The study of the history of the pre -Qin thought of the pre -Qin thought constitutes a vivid and vivid long picture painting。

Entering academic research is like climbing a mountain peak without a mountain，On the towering mountain bet365 best casino games peak of the pre -Qin history，晁 Fulin has tirelessly climbed for decades。To go further、higher climb、Closer to truth，He with great courage and diligence of Superman，constantly adjust and change your research direction and school style。and now，At the eighty -year -old, he still works on the front line of research and teaching，New academic achievements have emerged，It is the "four changes" of learning，Perhaps it is brewing。We look forward to bringing new research paradigms and academic systems to the academic community。

(Author Unit: College of History at Beijing Normal University)