Shi Nianhai is an academic everyone in the field of history and geography research in my country，He has been engaged in Chinese historical geography research in his life，Has made great contributions to the establishment and improvement of the historical geography discipline system。It is worth mentioning is，Mr. Shi ’s research on the historical geography of the Yellow River Basin lasted for nearly half a century，Its research results have aroused widespread attention in the academic community，It still has important reference value for the current national strategy of ecological protection and high -quality development of the Yellow River Basin。

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Shi Nianhai's research on the historical and geographical issues of the Yellow River Basin originated from the attention of social reality problems。After the founding of New China，With the development of national economic construction，The governance of the Yellow River has gradually risen to national strategy。In this background，Shi Nianhai conducted in -depth research on the changes in the ecological environment of the Yellow River Basin and the problems of regional economic development。

From the 1950s to the early 1960s，He focuses on research on historical and economic issues around the Yellow River Basin，I have written articles such as "The Development of the Agricultural Industry in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period and the distribution of its region", "The Qin and Han Dynasties", "The Change of the Lowsticks of the Lane and Salmon in the Yellow River Basin"，From agriculture、Silkworm and other aspects revealing the economic development process of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River during the historical period。Since the 1970s，Shi Nianhai began to work on the study of changes in the ecological environment of the Yellow River Basin。

Study the erosion and bet365 live casino games accumulation of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River。Research on the Yellow River in the past focused on the changes of the river，Few scholars are concerned about erosive accumulation problems。Shi Nianhai's article "Eclipse and Packing of the Yellow River Basin in the History period"，listed the silt of the river bed、The flatness of the lake、Oblique of the city、The sinking of the hills、Growth of the plain terrain、Changes in the soil，The speed and degree of accumulation of the lower reaches of the Yellow River during the historical period; the article "The Hide Eclipse of the Yellow River in the Midstream in the History"，Selecting several inspection points in Shi Nianhai，Combined with literature，Detailed and specific argumentation of the historical process of inspection point erosion，Calculate the erosion speed; the article "The Yellow River in the Middle Tour"，He is abandoned in water channels along the yellow artificial irrigation，Northern Wei Tongxia North Old Canal Exit、Shi Gate of Shuimen, Fuku County, Song Dynasty and the exterior gate of the East Gate of the Ming and Qing Dynasties，Pushing of the position of the waterfall waterfall, etc. as an example，A quantitative inspection of the lower cut of the Yellow River。This research is a breakthrough in the traditional geography that cannot be measured by historical geography，The study of the Yellow River has entered a new stage。

He attaches importance to the comprehensive research of the evolution of the Loess Plateau and the change of forests，The article "Evolution of the Loess Plateau Gulf in the History period"，and "The Change of the Loess Plateau Forest and the Grassland" is represented by the representative。He proposed，There are many broad and open originals on the ancient Loess Plateau，These original rich forests and grasslands，And agriculture developed。But then the gully gradually deepened plus more，It has been cutting and cutting for thousands of years、Foreign, forestry and animal husbandry disorders。Then realize that the Warring States Period and Qin and Han bet365 best casino games dynasties，The economic strength of Guanzhong can compete with Kanto，The original related to the existence of a large number of vast and flat。After the Tang and Song dynasties，Guanzhong's economic strength decline，and even all depends on Kanto to transport food to be maintained，Destruction with the forest、Original crushing、Reduction of cultivated land、The deterioration of the environment。

Study on the culture and relics of the Yellow River Basin。Shi Nianhai's "Try the most developed reasons for the Yellow River Basin culture in the ancient times in the ancient times"，reveals the geographical factors of the developed culture of the Yellow River Basin in ancient times。During the investigation and research of the Yellow River Basin，He wrote "Exploration of the Warring States Period of the Yellow River and the Great Wall in the Qinshi", "Exploration of the Qin Great Wall Rites of the Eastern Warring States Period of the Ordos Plateau", "Exploration of the Qin Great Wall Rites of the Period of the Luohe River"，It is important for us to know and protect the cultural relics of the Qin Great Wall of the Yellow River Basin。

His research has greatly surpassed the level of research in his predecessors，It has high academic significance and practical significance，Created a new situation in the study of the Yellow River Basin。

　　On -site inspections and literature records and focus on academic methods to break through the previous rules

Tan Qizhen said in the "preface" of the four episodes of "The Mountains Collection" to evaluate Shi Nianhai's academic method: "Early year -old is flooded with the history cluster，Qin Sizhuo，Name of this life。"Shi Nian Hai is familiar with historical materials，Use rich historical materials in its works as support。Yu Xixian commented on Shi Nianhai's work: "Proficiency in the application of historical groups，The profound insights of the literature in the past，Certainly 'known as the world'。Archaeological Report of the Neolithic Age，"Mandarin", "Spring and Autumn", "Zuo Zhuan", "Book of Songs"、Zhuzi Baijia、Historical books of the past、Tang and Song Bet365 lotto review Yuanming Books、Famous and humanistic collection、Ancient and modern travel notes、Fang Zhi of the past and the signs of the signs of the signs。"comments are very appropriate。

Since the 1970s，Shi Nianhai walked out of the book，Methods with equal emphasis on field inspections and documents for historical geography research。He said in the second episode of "Hehishan Collection" "Self -preface": "Research from historical geography，Mainly relying on historical documents。Historical documents cannot have no errors and omissions，This is necessary to make some research。However, the research can not solve the problem，If you can go to the local area for inspection，The problem may be solved by the blade。"Research on the historical and geographical problems of the Yellow River Basin，Methods that have been fully practiced on the spot and document records。1999，He published "The Loess Plateau Investigation Trivia" memories article，From it, you can see that Mr.'s inspection of the Yellow River Basin is involved in northern Shaanxi、Lu Liang、Hetao、Sixlets、Longxi、Great Wall、Hetao，can be described as traversing all parts of the Loess Plateau。He obtained a lot of first -hand information through field inspections，Especially for the change of forests in the Yellow River Basin、Evolution of River and Lake、Gulf erosion、Quantitative data of river erosion and cutting。At the same time，It is also determined in the inspection to determine some hometown Guanzhang sites，Differential plugging of traffic avenue，to demonstrate Qian Zheyan's errors and false places。As Tan Qizheng said: "Mr. Shi to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin and Huaihe River、around Taihu，It has been deepened after 10 years of purpose、Detailed inspection，Study methods break through the previous regulations。”

　　Academic Research Services Social Construction Play History Geography is useful for world function

Shi Nianhai adheres to the academic concept of the world for life，published in 1992 "Playing the Function Bet365 app download of Chinese History Geography" emphasized: "Chinese historical geography is a discipline that can be used in the world，This subject can be seen in the world，It is because it has the role of the world。"" Based on this concept，He has worked hard to discover the social functions of history and geography in the whole life，Strive for academic research service society。

In recent years，Water in the Yellow River Basin is generally insufficient，Water difficulty in Xi'an City is particularly prominent。Shi Nianhai wrote the article "On the Change of the Druts of the River around Xi'an"，It is found that Xi'an's water dehydration is mainly related to the destruction of the forests of the Zhongnan Mountains。He proposed to cultivate forests on the Nanshan Mountain，Add river flow。This project is quite vast，Not easy to see effect as soon as possible，You can cultivate water source forest，Slightly solve the current dilemma。1992，He puts this suggestion to the Shaanxi Provincial People's Government，Experts review believes that this is "an important measure to solve the problem of water difficulty in Xi'an，Construction of this project is far -reaching "，also instructed the Xi'an Forestry Bureau to set up a leading group and office for the establishment of the water source forestry engineering construction，Responsible for the construction project of the water source conservation forest in the northern slope of the Qinling Mountains。

The 1980s，Ma Wenrui, then the first secretary of the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee, asked Shi Nianhai to help solve the problem of comprehensive governance of the Loess Plateau。Shi Nianhai's "On the Disfiguration of Ecological Balance of Loess Plateau and its influence in the historical period" pointed out，The Loess Plateau had a large area of ​​forests and grasslands during the historical period，However, due to the artificial cutting and dismissal and the disorder of the agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry industry，Severe vegetation damage，bet365 best casino games erosion extension，Make the original area with a larger area of ​​the original gully，Destruction serious。He proposed in articles such as "The Historical Change of the Loess Plateau and the current Governance Policy", "On the Governance and Water Treatment of the Loess Plateau"，Make the original area with a larger area of ​​the original gully，Adactions to local conditions，Reasonably adjust the layout of the agricultural, forestry and animal husbandry industry。solve these problems，First of all, you should change the cultivation method，Shi Nianhai's "Reforming the Walking Method of the Loess Plateau for the Fortunately" in the article，Proposed a wide range of large species of the Loess Plateau、Model of extensive operation，At best in the best years, it can only solve the food required locally，It is easy to cause erosion，Adver the deterioration of natural conditions of the Loess Plateau。Therefore，It should be adapt to local conditions，Experience，This can not only increase the unit area output，It can also make the Loess Plateau no longer be damaged。

About how to control the Yellow River，On the basis of the study of the changes in the ecological environment of the Yellow River and the Loess Plateau，Written "The Strategy of Follow the River in the Yellow River in the History of the Yellow River in the History"，Point out in the historical period，Due to a lot of destruction due to forests and vegetation，The erosion of the Loess Plateau is very serious，Severe erosion not only causes the loess plateau so soil and soil，fragmented，and formed a serious accumulation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River，Affected the Anlan of the Yellow River。To cure the Yellow River，Fite from the whole river，The lower reaches of the river should be dredged，Eliminate the river bed and sediment，In addition, it is necessary to govern the Loess Plateau，Forest and vegetation on the Loess Plateau。

Shi Nianhai insisted on seeking truth and seeking truth、Academic pursuit of the world，Created a new situation in the study of the Yellow River Basin，and transform your knowledge bet365 best casino games into social value，Research on the changes in the ecological environment and regional development of the Yellow River Basin in his life，Building a solid historical and cultural monument with a strong sense of social responsibility and mission。

　　(Author: Research Institute of History and Social and Social Development, Northwest History and Social and Social Development of Shaanxi Normal University)